Blockchain Papers

Fan Sun

Non-fungible token (NFT), as the most influential and representative assets in the metaverse and the brand market, have been used by several brands, thus resulting in the prevalence of NFT collection over the past few years, especially in the context of the metaverse.However, relevant research results have been rare.Some researchers merely conducted an objective study to investigate the artistic value of NFTs.Given that studying NFT collection bears significance to the society, the study analyzed the NFT of luxury brands based on the 4V theory collected data via questionnaire survey, and finally analyzed results using SPSS to verify the reliability of the analysis.It is concluded that the brand exhibits the characteristics of 4V theory in the design of the NFT digital collection.Brands designed using the 4V theory are able to communicate and broaden sensory experiences more effectively.Interaction between the brand and IP image adds sales paths and value, thereby enhancing brand interaction

Sooyeon Choi, Richard A. Feinberg

Linking Consumer Innovativeness to the Cryptocurrency Intention: Moderating Effect of the LOHAS (Lifestyle of Health and Sustainability) Lifestyle by Sooyeon Choi1,* , Richard A. Feinberg 2 1 Assistant Professor, Marketing, Loras College, IA, 52001, U.S.2 Emeritus Professor, Consumer Sciences and Retailing, Purdue University, IN, 47907, U.S. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Journal of

Jihwan Kim, Kwanguk Kim

메타버스 내 익명성은 여러 제약으로부터 사용자를 자유롭게 하지만, 상호작용의 질을 저해하는 원인이기도 하다. 상기 문제점은 사용자 식별을 통해 보안할 수 있지만, 현재는 보안에 취약하며 위조 및 변도에 대응하기 어려운 개인 식별 번호(Personal Identification Number, PIN)나 보안 패턴을 사용한다는 점에서 개선이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 블록체인 기반의 대체 불가능 토큰(Non-Fungible Token, NFT)과 사용자의 외모/개인정보가 결합된 신원 증명 수단 생성 방법론을 제안한다. 이를 통해 실제 외모와 개인정보가 반영된 NFT 아바타(NFT-based avatar)를 생성하고, 31명을 대상으로 생성된 아바타에 대한 사용자 평가를 수행하였다. 사용자 평가 결과 NFT-based avatar와 사회적 상호작용을 수행하는 경우 기존 아바타에 비해 더 높은 신뢰도, 공존감, 긍정적인 반응이 형성됨을 확인했다. 본 연구는 NFT를 기반으로 하는 신원 증명된 아바타 제작 방법론을 제안했다는 점과 그 효용을 확인했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Sang Hoon Lee, Hyun-Seok Hwang, Suyeon Kim

Blockchain, which is spotlighted as one of the core technologies in the Web 3.0 era, is being used as a tool for high security and decentralization. In addition, blockchain has been positioned as a core technology for services such as cryptocurrency, NFT, De-Fi, and metaverse, and has already provided high-quality services. In particular, cryptocurrency has shown rapid growth and has been receiving worldwide attention. Cryptocurrency is a web technology and has the property that it can be an investment target, and it is expected to develop further in the future. In this research, we analyzed factors influencing the intention to use cryptocurrency and structural causalities among the factors. We considered personal characteristics, characteristics of cryptocurrency itself, and social characteristic, and a research model has been established for an empirical study. In addition, a multi-group analysis was performed to identify differences between users and non-users. As a result of the analysis, it was found that some of the personal characteristics and cryptocurrency characteristics affect the intention to use. And in the case of non-users, it was found that not only personal and cryptocurrency characteristics, but also social characteristic influence their intention to use. The results of this research are expected to provide implications for cryptocurrency service providers and users, as well as institutions that establish related policies.

YeonJae Yoo, JungHwa Choi

The purpose of this study is to analyze the types of utilization and internal value of non-fungible token(NFT) fashion. The research method was a literature review that involved referring to professional books, papers, articles, and websites on NFT and virtual fashion, and 112 NFT fashion works were collected and analyzed based on the findings of a related keyword search. NFT was found to be applied to various fields, such as art, collections, social networks, games, and real estate by applying uniqueness and scarcity to digital assets using blockchain technology. The types of use of NFT fashion were found to be as follows. First, collectable NFT fashion, with its unique design and scarcity is receiving investment. In addition, limited-edition sneakers, bags, and high fashion costumes have artistic value and provide brand value and special experiences. Second, game-type NFT fashion mainly appears as avatars, accessories, and weapon items created in collaboration with luxury fashion brands and Metaverse game platforms. NFT fashion, which applies the patterns and symbols of luxury fashion brands, is becoming a means of showing off one’s wealth and status in the digital world. Third, advertising and event-type NFT fashion which appears as an agreement between companies, a red-carpet AR dress, the first NFT fashion magazine and film, and limited-edition figures, has great influence and popularity. Three types of internal value of NFT fashion were found: (1) play value through games and fantasies, (2) sustainability value through virtual experiences, and (3) economic value through scarcity.

Hyejeong Koo, Ki Han Kwon

BACKGROUND: The K-beauty industry has entered the global market and encompasses the global economy. In the future, it is necessary to recognize the need for rapid recognition and application of digital technologies such as non-fungible token (NFT) in a continuously changing and shared society. OBJECTIVES: This literature review presents various examples of ways to increase the value of beauty brands according to the latest digital trends. The potential value of blockchain technology was reviewed while understanding the current usage status of NFT. METHODS: As of July 2022, NFT's brand application cases can be confirmed, and comparisons and cases can be applied to how much it can contribute to the rise in the value of beauty brands in the future. The 41 references were finally selected using PRISMA flow diagram. RESULTS: In a rapidly changing time, the beauty industry pays attention to the NFT market that can develop economically. Therefore, the parts that various industries are preemptively trying were prepared by confirming the cases. CONCLUSION: The beauty industry should pay attention to the NFT market, which is an issue, and by creating a brand with scarcity value, it can apply economic activities in the beauty industry to the trend by releasing products that both consumers and sellers can satisfy.

중앙대학교 융합보안학과 석사과정, SeungSeok Lee, JuRak Lee, Jae‐Young Han

2018년 이후 비트코인을 비롯한 암호화폐 투자 붐이 일어나면서 글로벌 암호화폐 시장 규모 가 커졌다. 시장 규모가 커지면서 자연스럽게 암호화폐 사용자도 증가하였다. 이처럼 암호화폐 시장 규모와 사용자 규모가 계속해서 성장하고 있는 가운데, 암호화폐를 안전하게 보호·보관하 기 위한 암호화폐 지갑이 많이 등장하였지만, 암호화폐를 개인이 제대로 관리하지 못하는 문제 와 암호화폐 보안사고 피해 또한 계속해서 증가하고 있다. 이렇게 기존 암호화폐 지갑의 문제와 암호화폐 보안사고 및 범죄 사례 등이 계속해서 증가하는 상황에서 암호화폐 사용자들의 불안한 심리를 해결하고 안전하게 자산을 보호할 수 있는 시스템이 필요하다. 또한, 암호화폐 보안의 개 념이 국내·외로 정립되지 않았고, 암호화폐와 관련된 법이 제도화되지 않았으며, 관련 연구가 매우 부족한 상황이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 암호화폐와 이더리움 블록체인 관련 선행연구 분 석을 토대로 이더리움 블록체인의 필요성과 기존 암호화폐 지갑 시스템의 문제점, 암호화폐 보 안 위협을 통해 이더리움 블록체인 기반 암호화폐 지갑 시스템의 개발 방향을 제시하였다. 개발 된 이더리움 블록체인 기반 암호화폐 지갑 시스템의 타당성 및 완전성을 검토하기 위해 블록체 인과 암호화폐 관련 실무자와 전문가를 대상으로 심층 인터뷰와 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 통해 이 더리움 블록체인 기반 지갑 시스템을 검토하였다. 검토 결과, 이더리움 블록체인 기반 암호화폐 지갑 시스템의 타당성 및 완전성 모두 인정되었다.

Young-Tae Shin, Jeongwook Kim

The purpose of this study is how cryptocurrency service characteristics personal affect the continued intention to use. ETAM (Extended Technical Acceptance Model) model is validated as a theoretical background, selecting personal characteristics, system characteristics, cryptocurrency service characteristics, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, continued intention to use. The method of this study used questionnaire survey to collect 473 data on user’s perception on cryptocurrency services, and also performed a structural equation modeling method using by AMOS 23. The result of this paper shows that 7 hypotheses are accepted statistically significant except 5 hypothesis among 12 hypotheses. This research is concluded that innovation, convenience, security risk, and economic feasibility is affected on statistically positive impact on perceived ease of use, not statistically social impact reliability. In addition to this, convenience, reliability, economic feasibility is affected on statistically positive impact on perceived usefulness, not statistically innovation, social impact, security risk.

중앙대학교 융합보안학과 박사과정, SeHee Jung, Chang-Moo Lee

최근 가상자산의 투기열풍과 코로나 19로 인한 비대면 사회의 메타버스 활성화 등으로 인해 NFT(Non-Fungible Token)에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. NFT는 가상자산과 콘텐츠의 성격을 가지고 있으며 콘텐츠의 소유권과 가치를 보존할뿐더러 데이터의 위변조가 불가하다는 특성으 로 인해 많은 인기를 끌고 있다. 시장 규모가 폭발적으로 증가하고 사용자들이 늘고 있어 관련 범죄 또한 증가하고 있다. 실제로 사용자 계정 탈취사건이나 NFT 도난과 같은 보안사고가 발생 하고 있다. 이처럼 현재 발생할 범죄와 앞으로 발생할 가능성이 있는 NFT 관련 범죄로부터 NFT 생태계와 여러 이해관계자들을 보호하기 위한 대책은 미흡한 상황이다. 이에 보안의 필요성을 느껴 NFT 거래의 보안 위협요소를 파악하고자 한다. NFT에 대한 정의 후 실제 거래가 이뤄지는 NFT 마켓플레이스를 대상으로 관련 보안 위협요소를 도출하고자 했다. 직접 사용, 인터뷰, 블록체인 기록 확인 등을 통해 실제 NFT 거래 흐름을 파악했다. 이후 거래 내 위협을 파악하기 위해 STRIDE 위협 모델링 기법을 사용했고 거래 외 위협은 관련 사고, 웨비나 자료 등 사례 연구를 통해 식별했다. 도출된 위협을 10개의 기준으로 분류하고 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 통해 타당성 검증을 실시했다. 검증 결과 대부분의 항목에서 타당성 기준 점수 이상을 받았고 기준 점수 미만의 항목에 대해서는 추가 인터뷰 및 기각된 이유를 분석했다. 본 연구는 NFT의 안전한 거래를 위해 신종 사이버범죄를 막을 수 있도록 보안이 필요하며 보 안 대책 마련에 앞서 관련 보안 위협을 도출했다. 향후 NFT 마켓플레이스의 보안 대책 마련에 초석이 되리라 생각된다. 최종적으로 향후 NFT 생태계 내 다양한 이해관계자가 안전한 거래를 할 수 있도록 보호하고 산업의 연속성을 영위하는데 기여하고자 한다.

Duhan Wang, Qianmingyan Ren, Xinyu Li, Yiman Qi · 5 authors

Blockchain and Non-Fungible Token (NFT) has gained tremendous attention over the years. NFT is a type of cryptoasset that makes use of blockchain to track the ownership of digital items including photographs, videos, and text. This paper proposed hypotheses regarding consumers' interests in NFT fashion products that are validated through quantitative studies of questionnaires. Furthermore, secondary resources from official sources also proved the research significance of NFT fashion products. Based on the results analyzed, it is reasonable to conclude that customers are interested to understand NFT products and indicated willingness to purchase them. Though challenges continue to exist as NFT is still in its early stage, the future of NFT backed by blockchain technology and consumers' confidence in digital fashion products are bright. This paper hopes to add knowledge to the current understanding of consumers' relationship with NFTs and fashion and create both theoretical and practical contributions.

Sanya Dod

No abstract is available for this record.

Dae Seon Kang, Yong Bum Kim, Ja Young Choi

본 연구는 블록체인 기술의 고유한 특성을 규명하고 각 특성이 사용자의 수용의도에 미치는 영향이 블록체인 서비스 유형(금융, 게임)에 따라 어떻게 달라지는가를 살펴보고자 하였다. 기술수용이론을 토대로 블록체인 특성(탈중앙성, 보안성, 익명성)과 지각된 유용성, 지각된 사용용이성, 수용의도 간의 관계와 이들 간의 관계에서 서비스 유형의 조절 효과를 분석하기 위하여 구조방정식 모델링을 이용하였다. 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 탈중앙성과 익명성은 지각된 유용성과 지각된 사용용이성에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 지각된 유용성과 지각된 사용용이성은 수용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 보안성이 수용의도에 미치는 영향력은 게임서비스보다 금융서비스에서 더 큰 것으로 나타난 반면 익명성이 수용의도에 미치는 영향력은 금융서비스보다 게임서비스에서 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 기업들이 블록체인 서비스 개발과 사업화의 성공 가능성을 높일 수 있는 시사점을 제안하였다.The purpose of this study is to identify the unique characteristics of blockchain technology and to study the effect of this characteristic on user acceptance. In addition, this study attempted to examine whether the influence of blockchain characteristics on consumer acceptance varies by the type of service such as finance or games. Based on technology acceptance model, This study used structural equation modeling to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of the blockchain (decentralization, security, anonymity), perceived usefulness, ease of use, acceptance intention, and the moderating effect of service types. The results showed that decentralization and anonymity had a positive effect on perceived usefulness and ease of use, and perceived usefulness and ease of use had a positive effect on acceptance intention. In addition, security has a greater impact on financial services than game services, and anonymity has a greater impact on game services than financial services. These results provide implications that many companies can increase the likelihood of success by taking them as a major consideration when commercializing blockchains and developing services.

Mohammad Tariq Hasan, TJPRC

Purpose: Purpose-This paper aims to introduce and discuss blockchain technology and its effect on the hospitality and tourism industry as well as a practical point of view to hospitality and tourism businesses. The central interest in this study is to produce a new and rigorous in-depth analysis that will provide the basis for a broad debate and perspective on potential uses of blockchain technology for hospitality and tourism research as well as the industry as a whole. Importance of the research: This study leads to knowledge development in the tourism industry by creating an extensive structure that enhances hospitality and tourism efficiency. The current study thus helps to alleviate tourism & hospitality integrated blockchain technology. Theory: A single technology adoption and use theory (UTAUT 2) is the fundamental theory for this study. Reference was made in this analysis to progress in the growth of the blockchain capability of hospitality and tourism.Methods: The current study focused on a concise methodology and quantitative analysis.QR is the simplest way to accept or deny a theory.Quantitative analysis from all of Malaysia has been obtained through a cross-sectional analysis via the sampling method. Originality: One of the latest researchto boost the efficiency of hospitality and tourism performance by blockchain. This research demonstrates how blockchain (familiarity, concern and error), trust,facilitating condition, consumer intention and blockchain adoption.

Dong‐Her Shih, Kuan-Chu Lu, Yi‐Ting Shih, Po-Yuan Shih

Agriculture is indispensable for every country. Farmers use pesticides in large quantities to increase productivity, thus causing serious damage to the agro-ecological environment. If consumers consume a large number of such vegetables, there can be an adverse effect on their health. Therefore, consumers shift from consuming general vegetables to organic vegetables. However, the price of organic vegetables is higher than that of general vegetables, and there are doubts about the authenticity of the production and marketing process. Unfortunately, production and sales records are often falsified. The blockchain may be able to guarantee the authenticity of organic vegetables because the blockchain is tamperproof and transparent. Therefore, we proposed an exercise environment for the production and marketing of organic vegetables by using Ethereum. This proposed system can ensure the authenticity of the production and sales record, it may increase the sales of organic vegetables and solve the problem of agricultural ecological environment pollution in the real world.

Jungmu Kim, Nae Young Kang, Yuen Jung Park

[연구목적] 최근 비트코인 등 가상화폐에 대거 쏠리는 시중 자금이 금, 주식 같은 전통적 자산 가격에 미치는 영향이 점차 커지고 있는 추세이다. 이에 본 연구는 비트코인 가격에 대한 영향력이 클 것으로 예상되는 실물 자산(금, 국제유가), 투기 자산(주가지수, 주식 변동성), 전통적인 화폐(미 달러)를 대상으로 상호영향 관계를 분석하고자 한다.<BR>[연구방법] 벡터 오차수정(Vector Error Correction) 모형에 근거하여 그랜저 인과관계 분석, 충격반응 분석, 분산분해 분석을 수행하였다.<BR>[연구결과] 전체 표본 기간 동안 비트코인은 실물 자산, 투기 자산 및 화폐 가치의 움직임에 후행했지만, 2014년 이후 부표본 기간에는 선행성이 강해졌다. 주목할 만 한 점은 변동성 지수와는 표본 기간에 상관없이 양방향 그랜져 인과관계를 유지한다는 점이다. 종합적으로 검토하였을 때, 비트코인은 투기 자산과 더욱 밀접한 관계를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이는 충격반응 분석 및 분산분해 분석으로도 지지되었다.<BR>[연구의 시사점] 본 연구결과는 시장이 비트코인을 실물 자산이나 화폐 자산 보다는 투기 자산으로써 더욱 강하게 인식하고 있음을 시사한다. 이러한 점은 비트코인을 기초 자산으로 하는 상장지수펀드(ETF)의 도입을 지지하는 근거가 될 수 있다.

Seongwook Youn

2009년에 처음 소개된 비트코인은 전 세계적으로 출시되어있는 암호 화폐들 중 가장 대중적이다. 출시 될 당시에 가치는 아주 낮았고, 다른 암호 화폐처럼 대중적이지도 않았다. 비트코인에 오늘날 많은 사람들이 관심을 가지고 있다. 비트코인은 일반 화폐와 교환될 수도 있고 지불 용도로 사용할 수도 있다. 비트코인은 많은 온라인 상점들과 온라인 서비스에서 통용되고 있다. 암호 화폐는 특정 당국에 의해 규정되지 않고 일반적인 수요와 공급에 따라 규정되지도 않는다. 비트코인은 최근에 상당한 성공을 이루었다. 비트코인 가격이 어느 주요한 요소들에 의해 결정되는지에 대한 호기심이 본 연구를 진행하게 되었다. 가장 대중적인 비트코인 디지털 월렛(www.blockchain.com) 으로부터 Blockchain Wallet API에 기반해서 데이터셋으로부터 특징들을 뽑았다. 머신러닝 기법으로 polynomial regression을 이용하여 특징들의 영향도를 계산하였다. 결과적으로 어떤 특징들이 비트코인 가격 변동과 연관이 깊은지 살펴봤다.

Jeong Hun Oh

본 연구는 외환시장에서 유용한 기능을 수행하고 있는 환율의 역할에 주목하여 우리나라 암호화폐시장에서 나타나는 특별한 현상인 김치프리미엄을 일으키는 세가지 결정변수를 찾아 내었다. 이를 위하여 우선 암호화폐의 가격을 환율공식을 이용한 각국의 기존화폐와 비교하여 표시하였으며 환율시장의 균형조건으로 부터 다음과 같은 김치프리미엄의 세가지 결정변수를 발견하였다: 암호화폐의 국가간 수익률 차이, 국가간 이자율 차이, 예상되는 국가간 암호화폐 교환가격의 차이.

H. F. Lee, Hyoung-Joong Kim

작년 4월 Huobi(火币)를 필두로 중국 암호화폐 거래소들이 한국시장에 진출하기 시작했다. 특이한 점은 그들의 한국시장 진출이 단순히 시장 확대를 위해서가 아니라, 중국 정부의 엄격한 규제를 피한 도피 성격이었다는 것이다. 그 동안 중국 정부는 암호화폐에 대하여 줄곧 부정적인 입장을 취했고, 규제의 수위를 높여왔다. 그리고 2017년 9월 중국 정부는 자국 내 모든 암호화폐 거래소에 대해 폐쇄조치를 취했다. 암호화폐에 대하여 강경한 입장을 취하고 있는 중국 정부의 속내는 무엇이며, 또한 앞으로 중국에서 암호화폐의 미래는 어떤 모습으로 전개될까? 본 논문에서는 중국 암호화폐 시장에 대한 고찰을 통하여 중국 정부의 규제 의도를 파악하고, 중국 암호화폐 시장의 발전을 위한 제도적, 기술적 제언을 하였다.

이병찬

No abstract is available for this record.

Nurgün KOMŞUOĞLU YILMAZ, Hülya Boydaş Hazar

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing investors' decision making on cryptocurrency investments and create investors' preference partworths by conducting conjoint analysis. In conjoint method, assessment criteria are called as attributes and each attribute has more than one level. Methodology-In this study, conjoint analysis has been conducted to create investors' preference partworths. Conjoint method is a statistical method which is conducting a survey-based research design that provides information on respondents' choices on attributes and their levels for a specific product or an investment option. In the first step, attributes and their levels have been determined, then conjoint bundles, which form the basis of the survey form, were created. As a third step, data collected have been analyzed and preference partworths have been created. Findings-Data collected for the study have been analyzed by using Marketing Engineering for Excel software. The findings of this preliminary study indicate investors' priorities in cryptocurrency investments. By assessing these priorities, a highly competing cryptocurrency can be created.

Sung Lim Moon, Hyung Jun Ahn

4차산업혁명 시대의 초연결 사회에서는 제3자의 중개를 거치지 않고 참여자 간 다양한 협업이 가능할 것으로 예상된다. 이를 위해 투명성과 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있는 새로운 형태의 플랫폼이 필요하며, 다양한 거래를 검증, 기록, 보관 할 수 있는 분산장부기술인 블록체인이 따라서 주목 받고 있다. 미술시장에서는 블록체인 기술의 장점을 활용하여 점점 심각해지는 저작권 및 지적 재산권, 작품의 출처(provenance), 위작 등의 문제 해결이 시도되고 있으며, 또한 작가들의 작품 활동 지원을 위한 크라우드 펀딩과 투자, 아트코인을 활용한 미술시장의 대중화 및 활성화 등도 도모되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 그러한 시도들의 사례를 살펴보고 각각의 의미와 한계를 분석해 보았다. 분석 결과, 블록체인 기술은 미술시장 발전을 위해 충분한 잠재력을 지닌 것으로 보이나, 국내 미술 시장에 적용하기 위해서는 블록체인 기술의 기술적, 비기술적 한계에 대한 극복 방안 및 제도적 규제 개선방안, 전문 인력 양성 등 국가적 지원에 대한 검토가 필요할 것으로 보인다.The 4th industrial revolution will enable hyper-connected society which can facilitate various collaborations among network members without the intervention of a third party. To this end, a new type of platform that can secure transparency and reliability is required. In this context, the block chain is drawing attention as a distributed ledger technology capable of verifying, recording and storing various transactions. In the art market, various attempts are being made to address the issues such as copyright and intellectual property rights, provenance, and forgery, taking advantage of the strengths of the block chain technology. Also, there are cases of using the technology for crowdfunding, investment, and art coins with the goal of promoting the art market. In this study, we examine such attempts and cases, and analyze their implications and limitations. As the result of the analysis, it was found that the block chain technology has enough potential to advance the art market. However, in order to adopt it for the Korean art market, considerations are needed for overcoming the technical and non-technical limitations of the current block chain technology, regulatory reforms, and fostering relevant talents in the area.

S. W. Kim, Eun-Jung Shin, Sung-Young Bae, Hyoung‐Goo Kang

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting the acceptance, use of technology and concept of encrypted money such as bitcoin, In order to achieve the purpose of the study, we analyzed using statistical package based on 498 valid survey results.BR As a result, transaction cost, expansion of investment opportunity, compatibility, and anonymity have a significant effect on performance expectation. Expansion of investment opportunities, compatibility, and innovation tend to have a significant effect on spending expectations. Transaction costs, expansion of investment opportunities, compatibility, security, and government policies have a significant impact on social impact. Compatibility, innovation orientation, security, and government policy have a significant effect on promoting conditions. Performance expectation, effort expectation, social influence, facilitation condition have a significant effect on the intention to use bitcoin.BR Through analysis of mediating effect, it was confirmed that the innovative tendency has mediating effect on the intention to use bitcoin mediated through effort expectation and facilitation condition. The expansion of investment opportunity also confirmed the mediating effect on the intention to use bitcoin through the effort expectation and social influence.BR Through the analysis of the heuristic control effect, we confirmed that there is the control effect of the usability heuristic on the causal path that affects the intention to use bitcoin from security. We have found that repeated exposure of past information leakage and security incidents affects the intention to use bitcoin. we confirmed that there is the control effect of the representative heuristic on the causal path that affects the intention to use bitcoin from the social influence. We have found that attributes with a representation of the encrypted monetary bitcoin defined by the public affects the intention to use bitcoin.BR This study suggests that government policy influences social influences and that security has an effect on usability control of bitcoin use intention. The activation of Korea

Ki-Heung Kim, Jae-Hyun Shim

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to subdivide trade transaction-centered structure in a logistics/distribution industry system to apply blockchain, to establish and resolve with which types of technology, and to provide policy direction of government institution and technology to apply blockchain in this kind of industry. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was conducted with previous researches centered on cases applied in various industry sectors on the basis of blockchain technology. Results - General fields of blockchain application include digital contents distribution, IoT platform, e-Commerce, real-estate transaction, decentralized app. development(storage), certification service, smart contract, P2P network infrastructure, publication/storage of public documents, smart voting, money exchange, payment/settlement, banking security platform, actual asset storage, stock transaction and crowd funding. Blockchain is being applied in various fields home and abroad and its application cases can be explained in the banking industry, public sector, e-Commerce, medical industry, distribution and supply chain management, copyright protection. As examined in the blockchain application cases, it is expected to establish blockchain that can secure safety through distributed ledger in trade transaction because blockchain is established and applied in various sectors of industries home and abroad. Parties concerned of trade transaction can secure visibility even in interrupted specific section when they provide it as a base for distributed ledger application in trade and establish trade transaction model by applying blockchain. In case of interrupted specific section by using distributed ledger, blockchain model of trade transaction needs to be formed to make it possible for parties concerned involved in trade transaction to secure visibility and real-time tracking. Additionally, management should be possible from the time of contract until payment, freight transfer to buyers through land, air and maritime transportation. Conclusions - In order to boost blockchain-based logistics/distribution industry, the government, institutionally, needs to back up adding legal plan of shipping, logistics and distribution, reviewing standardization of electronic switching system and coming up with blockchain-based industrial road maps. In addition, the government, technologically, has to support R&D for integration with other high technology, standardization of distribution industry's blockchain technology and manpower training to expand technology development.

Magdi El Messiry, Adel Elmessiry

The fashion industry represents a significant portion of<br> the global gross domestic product, however, it is plagued by cheap<br> imitators that infringe on the trademarks which destroys the fashion<br> industry's hard work and investment. While eventually the copycats<br> would be found and stopped, the damage has already been done, sales<br> are missed and direct and indirect jobs are lost. The infringer thrives<br> on two main facts: the time it takes to discover them and the lack of<br> tracking technologies that can help the consumer distinguish them.<br> Blockchain technology is a new emerging technology that provides a<br> distributed encrypted immutable and fault resistant ledger. Blockchain<br> presents a ripe technology to resolve the infringement epidemic<br> facing the fashion industry. The significance of the study is that a<br> new approach leveraging the state of the art blockchain technology<br> coupled with artificial intelligence is used to create a framework<br> addressing the fashion infringement problem. It transforms the current<br> focus on legal enforcement, which is difficult at best, to consumer<br> awareness that is far more effective. The framework, Crypto CopyCat,<br> creates an immutable digital asset representing the actual product<br> to empower the customer with a near real time query system. This<br> combination emphasizes the consumer's awareness and appreciation<br> of the product's authenticity, while provides real time feedback to<br> the producer regarding the fake replicas. The main findings of this<br> study are that implementing this approach can delay the fake product<br> penetration of the original product market, thus allowing the original<br> product the time to take advantage of the market. The shift in the<br> fake adoption results in reduced returns, which impedes the copycat<br> market and moves the emphasis to the original product innovation.