Follow blockchain research across journals, conferences, and preprint repositories.
97,057 results · page 3411 of 4,045
J. F. Gálvez, Juan C. Mejuto, Jesús Simal‐Gándara
No abstract is available for this record.
Boris Sokolov, Anton Kolosov
No abstract is available for this record.
Kyung-Jin Jung, Jung-Boem Park, Nhu Quynh Phan, Bo Chen · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Harun Türker, Seddik Bacha
This paper deals with the problems of the Plug-in Electric Vehicles charging costs in housing sector. A review of the optimal strategies is proposed and as such six algorithms are presented: three smart unidirectional and three smart bidirectional charging algorithms where the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and the Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) concepts were exploited. In addition an innovative V2G algorithm named Optimal Logical Control (V2G-OLC) is introduced in this paper. This latter is dedicated to the French energy billing system within the peak/base hour's contract. All the algorithms are tested over a set of 1000 data composed of real elements with four different daily energy price profiles. The results show a great efficiency of the V2G-OLC algorithm compared to the traditional optimal charging strategies. Indeed, the results show a reduction of 47.94% of the average charging cost with a unitary selling/buying price ratio in comparison to the simple charging at 230V-32A.
Marlen S Bissaliyev, Adlet Nyussupov, Sh. Zh. Mussiraliyeva
Mining a cryptocurrency is profitable on someone’s resources. It is becoming increasing problem in the enterprise to control the operations of its infrastructure while in idle or “off-work” time. In this paper we present enterprise security assessment framework for cryptocurrency mining based on Monero cryptocurrency. The framework consists from surveying power consumption on GPU mining farms and traditional desktop PCs, analysis of web resources for browser-based mining on both internal and external domain names, the handy network logs analysis tool based on the regular expressions. While there had been significant difference between GPU and traditional desktop PC’s power consumption, computational ratio of the idle PCs after working time remains questionable. In the browser-based cryptocurrency mining, there were no data on public domains, however there had been a possibility for using the private domain names, thus further research and different tools are required. In the network analysis, there were not enough evidences on the network mining, and this leads to the different research question that attackers may use proxy techniques to bypass traffic filtering and network analysis.
Radinka Dynand Mahessara, Budi Rustandi Kartawinata
This research is based on the phenomenon of new investment instrument called Cryptocurrency-Bitcoin which becomes popular in recent years. Based on that phenomenon, this research tries to search which is the best investment instrument from three instruments such as Bitcoin, stocks, and gold. The research method used is quantitative method with the type of research is comparative descriptive. In this study, the authors use Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen index approach to evaluate the performance. This study intends to do a comparison from the index using the data of the investment instrument in the period of January 2014 to August 2017. The study sample was taken from price result from every investment instrument during the period of study. The result shows that Bitcoin is the best instrument because based on Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen value the return is better than the other two instruments.
Michael J. Fell
Project 6.3.3 of the Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions will be a systematic study of the relationship between distributed ledger technology (e.g. blockchain)-enabled energy retail market structure and potential energy policy outcomes.
Yongjun Ren, Yepeng Liu, Sai Ji, Arun Kumar Sangaiah · 5 authors
In this paper, the blockchain technology is utilized to build the first incentive mechanism of nodes as per data storage for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In our system, the nodes storing the data are rewarded with digital money. The more the data stored by the node, the more the reward it achieves. Moreover, two blockchains are constructed. One is utilized to store data of each node and another is to control the access of data. In addition, our proposal adopts the provable data possession to replace the proof of work (PoW) in original bitcoins to carry out the mining and storage of new data blocks, which greatly reduces the computing power comparing to the PoW mechanism. Furthermore, the preserving hash functions are used to compare the stored data and the new data block. The new data can be stored in the node which is closest to the existing data, and only the different subblocks are stored. Thus, it can greatly save the storage space of network nodes.
Rune Tevasvold Aune, Adam Krellenstein, Maureen O’Hara, Ouziel Slama
<h3>Practical Applications Summary</h3> In <b>Footprints on a Blockchain: <i>Trading and Information Leakage in Distributed Ledgers</i></b>, from the Summer 2017 issue of <b><i>The Journal of Trading</i></b>, authors <b>Rune Tevasvold Aune</b>, <b>Adam Krellenstein</b> (both of <b>Symbiont</b>) <b>Maureen O’Hara</b> (<b>Cornell University School of Management</b>) and <b>Ouziel Slama</b> (formerly of Symbiont and now with <b>Legolas</b>), describe a creative solution to a potential limitation to the use of distributed ledger technology in financial market contexts. This complication relates to the disclosure of proprietary trading information that could be used to “front-run” certain investors. The authors outline a solution to this problem, which involves the use of a cryptographic hash to indicate prioritization of transactions. This solution could facilitate widespread usage of blockchain technology in a variety of financial contexts. <b>TOPICS:</b>Quantitative methods, exchanges/markets/clearinghouses
Paulo Bartolomeu, Emanuel Vieira, Joaquim Ferreira
The emergence of distributed ledger technologies in the vehicular applications' arena is decisively contributing to their improvement and shaping of the public opinion about their future. The Tangle is a technology at its infancy, but showing enormous potential to become a key solution by addressing several of the blockchain's limitations. This paper focuses on the use of the Tangle to improve the security of both in-vehicle and off-vehicle functions in vehicular applications. To this end, key operational performance parameters are identified, evaluated and discussed with emphasis on their limitations and potential impact in future vehicular applications.
Thomas Ankenbrand, Denis Bieri
The cryptocurrency market has witnessed significant growth in the past few months. The emergence of hundreds of new digital currencies and the huge increase in the prices of their leading representatives have attracted a lot of attention from investors. However, the financial characteristics of the cryptocurrency markets have not been systematically evaluated yet. As a consequence, there is currently no consensus on whether cryptocurrencies constitute an individual asset class or if they share substantial similarities to stocks, bonds, commodities or foreign exchange. Based on Markowitz et al. (2017) this paper aims to fill this lack of research by evaluating the cryptocurrency market based on seven requirements of an individual asset class. The authors find that the cryptocurrency market distinguishes itself remarkably from established asset classes in terms of risk and return. Additionally, the low correlation between the cryptocurrency markets and these established asset classes induces a diversification potential for investors, leading to more favorable risk/return profiles of their portfolios. But also the emergence of investment services and products provided by the financial industry and the increasingly cost-effective access to cryptocurrencies corroborate the conclusion that cryptocurrencies can be seen as an individual asset class.
Remya Stephen, Aneena Alex
Blockchain is a decentralized technology. It has extensive power to solve business problems. Cryptography secures the records in a blockchain transaction and each transaction is tied to previous transactions or records. Blockchain transactions are validated by algorithms on the nodes. A single entity cannot create a transaction. Finally, blockchains provide transparency, giving each participant the ability to monitor the transactions at any time. Smart contract make secure transaction which helps to avoid third party disruption. Ethereum is a decentralized platform that runs smart contracts. This enables developers to create markets move funds in accordance with instructions given long in the past. The main features of blockchain are Decentralization, Immutability Faster dealings, Transaction and validation happens in seconds etc..
Shuai Wang, Jing Wang, Xiao Wang, Tianyu Qiu · 8 authors
To improve the accuracy of diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment, a framework of parallel healthcare systems (PHSs) based on the artificial systems + computational experiments + parallel execution (ACP) approach is proposed in this paper. PHS uses artificial healthcare systems to model and represent patients’ conditions, diagnosis, and treatment process, then applies computational experiments to analyze and evaluate various therapeutic regimens, and implements parallel execution for decision-making support and real-time optimization in both actual and artificial healthcare processes. In addition, we combine the emerging blockchain technology with PHS, via constructing a consortium blockchain linking patients, hospitals, health bureaus, and healthcare communities for comprehensive healthcare data sharing, medical records review, and care auditability. Finally, a prototype named parallel gout diagnosis and treatment system is built and deployed to verify and demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the blockchain-powered PHS framework.
Marius Musch, Christian Wressnegger, Martin Johns, Konrad Rieck
With the introduction of memory-bound cryptocurrencies, such as Monero, the implementation of mining code in browser-based JavaScript has become a worthwhile alternative to dedicated mining rigs. Based on this technology, a new form of parasitic computing, widely called cryptojacking or drive-by mining, has gained momentum in the web. A cryptojacking site abuses the computing resources of its visitors to covertly mine for cryptocurrencies. In this paper, we systematically explore this phenomenon. For this, we propose a 3-phase analysis approach, which enables us to identify mining scripts and conduct a large-scale study on the prevalence of cryptojacking in the Alexa 1 million websites. We find that cryptojacking is common, with currently 1 out of 500 sites hosting a mining script. Moreover, we perform several secondary analyses to gain insight into the cryptojacking landscape, including a measurement of code characteristics, an estimate of expected mining revenue, and an evaluation of current blacklist-based countermeasures.
Authors unavailable
It has been famously observed that money is the root of all evil, so it seems apt to wind up our examination of attackers and defenders by looking at a kind of money. In particular, we'll look at Bitcoin. In this chapter we start by looking at money more generally to understand what's hard about a system like Bitcoin. In the next chapter, we look at the mechanisms in Bitcoin that solve those problems, as well as examining some associated limitations.
Authors unavailable
In chapter 25 we laid out goals for Bitcoin and summarized it as a shared extensible recordkeeping system for a community of untrusting participants. In this chapter we consider how the system is actually constructed so that it works that way.
Claudia I. Martínez-Alcalá, Alejandra Rosales-Lagarde, María de los Ángeles Alonso-Lavernia, José Á. Ramírez-Salvador · 9 authors
As information and services are becoming more and more decentralized and they are often available in the cloud, an increasing number of older adults are expected to use Internet-based services –health, education, finance and others. For this reason, it seems important to plan models and/or strategies to allow the older adult population to acquire and enhance digital competencies more easily. The goal of this research is to show a blended workshop based on a Learning Management System (LMS) as a supporting tool for older adults’ digital literacy. This blended workshop was based on the adoption of an instructional model and on prior experiences of the groups of elderly that participated in the face-to-face workshops. This study involved 98 adults aged 60 and above, 72 Females (68.5 ± 6.9) and 26 Males (73.3 ± 7.4). 61 older adults participated in the face-to-face workshop (FFG) on digital literacy and 37 participated in the blended workshop (BLG). Digital literacy increased at the post-evaluation after the workshops but even more for the BLG. Likewise, in the validation of the blended workshop the results were positive regarding ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude toward using and intention to use, which showed that older adults believe that it is useful to implement this type of supporting systems for developing their digital competencies. Hence, it is possible to conclude that older adults are capable of learning and acquiring digital literacy skills as long as they are strongly motivated or they know the functional benefits related to ICT.
John Collomosse, Tu Bui, Alan Brown, John Sheridan · 9 authors
We present ARCHANGEL; a decentralised platform for ensuring the long-term integrity of digital documents stored within public archives. Document integrity is fundamental to public trust in archives. Yet currently that trust is built upon institutional reputation --- trust at face value in a centralised authority, like a national government archive or University. ARCHANGEL proposes a shift to a technological underscoring of that trust, using distributed ledger technology (DLT) to cryptographically guarantee the provenance, immutability and so the integrity of archived documents. We describe the ARCHANGEL architecture, and report on a prototype of that architecture build over the Ethereum infrastructure. We report early evaluation and feedback of ARCHANGEL from stakeholders in the research data archives space.
Elie Bouri, Chi Keung Marco Lau, Brian M. Lucey, David Roubaud
No abstract is available for this record.
Jiani Wu, Nguyen Khoi Tran
The Energy Internet has become a hot topic for the integration of sustainable energies. However, as a result, there are numerous sustainable energy forms and participants, the system is extremely complex, and some key issues are difficult to overcome, such as the control and management of distributed sustainable energy forms. On the other hand, blockchain technology consists of distributed data storage, peer-to-peer transmission, a consensus mechanism, encryption algorithms, and smart contracts. Applying the technical advantages of the blockchain to the Energy Internet can solve many of the problems that hinder its development. The purpose of this paper is to review the development of blockchain and the Energy Internet, and provide some references for the possible applications of blockchain technology to the Energy Internet. Firstly, the definition and characteristics of blockchain and the Energy Internet are introduced in detail. Secondly, the compatibility of the two is analyzed. Then, several application scenarios of blockchain in the Energy Internet are put forward. Finally, the challenges that still exist when applying the current blockchain technology to the Energy Internet are analyzed.
Seo-Joon Lee, Gyoun-Yon Cho, Fumiaki Ikeno, Tae-Ro Lee
Due to the development of high-throughput DNA sequencing technology, genome-sequencing costs have been significantly reduced, which has led to a number of revolutionary advances in the genetics industry. However, the problem is that compared to the decrease in time and cost needed for DNA sequencing, the management of such large volumes of data is still an issue. Therefore, this research proposes Blockchain Applied FASTQ and FASTA Lossless Compression (BAQALC), a lossless compression algorithm that allows for the efficient transmission and storage of the immense amounts of DNA sequence data that are being generated by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Also, security and reliability issues exist in public sequence databases. For methods, compression ratio comparisons were determined for genetic biomarkers corresponding to the five diseases with the highest mortality rates according to the World Health Organization. The results showed an average compression ratio of approximately 12 for all the genetic datasets used. BAQALC performed especially well for lung cancer genetic markers, with a compression ratio of 17.02. BAQALC performed not only comparatively higher than widely used compression algorithms, but also higher than algorithms described in previously published research. The proposed solution is envisioned to contribute to providing an efficient and secure transmission and storage platform for next-generation medical informatics based on smart devices for both researchers and healthcare users.
Anton Fedosov, Agon Bexheti, Egor Ermolaev, Marc Langheinrich
Networked digital sharing economy services enable the effective and efficient sharing of vehicles, housing, and everyday objects. However, contemporary online sharing platforms face several challenges related to the establishment of trust among peers, as well difficulties to deal with the growing number of intermediaries (e.g., payment, insurance) needed to ensure an adequate service delivery. We designed and developed "Just Share It" (JSI), an interactive system that enables the sharing of personal physical possessions (e.g., power tools, toys, sports gear) by directly connecting lenders and borrowers, as peers, through mobile technology. The JSI system utilizes a blockchain ledger and smart contracting technologies to improve peer trust and limit the number of required intermediaries, respectively. In this submission, we briefly review emergent challenges in this space, describe the JSI prototype system and its trust model, and reflect on future architectural opportunities for an eventual "in the wild" deployment.
Maharage Nisansala Sevwandi Perera, Takeshi Koshiba
No abstract is available for this record.
Roberto Saia
The exponential growth of wireless-based solutions, such as those related to the mobile smart devices (e.g., smart-phones and tablets) and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, has lead to countless advantages in every area of our society. Such a scenario has transformed the world a few decades back, dominated by latency, into a new world based on an efficient real-time interaction paradigm.Recently, cryptocurrency have contributed to this technological revolution, the fulcrum of which are a decentralization model and a certification function offered by the so-called blockchain infrastructure, which make it possible to certify the financial transactions, anonymously. However, it should be observed how this challenging scenario has generated new security problems directly related to the involved new technologies (e.g., e-commerce frauds, mobile bot-net attacks, blockchain DoS attacks, cryptocurrency scams, etc.). In this context, we can acknowledge that the scientific community efforts are usually oriented toward specific solutions, instead to exploit all the available technologies, synergistically, in order to define more efficient security paradigms. This paper aims to indicate a possible approach able to improve the security of people and things by introducing a novel paradigm to security defined Internet of Entities (IoE). It is a mechanism for the localization of people and things, which exploits both the huge number of existing wireless-based devices and the blockchain-based distributed ledger technology, overcoming the limits of traditional localization approaches, but without jeopardizing the user privacy. Its operation is based on two core elements with interchangeable roles, entities and trackers, which can be very common elements such as smart-phones, tablets, and IoT devices, and its implementation requires minimal efforts thanks to the existing infrastructures and devices.