Optimal Minimization of Plug-In Electric Vehicle Charging Cost With Vehicle-to-Home and Vehicle-to-Grid Concepts

Abstract

This paper deals with the problems of the Plug-in Electric Vehicles charging costs in housing sector. A review of the optimal strategies is proposed and as such six algorithms are presented: three smart unidirectional and three smart bidirectional charging algorithms where the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and the Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) concepts were exploited. In addition an innovative V2G algorithm named Optimal Logical Control (V2G-OLC) is introduced in this paper. This latter is dedicated to the French energy billing system within the peak/base hour's contract. All the algorithms are tested over a set of 1000 data composed of real elements with four different daily energy price profiles. The results show a great efficiency of the V2G-OLC algorithm compared to the traditional optimal charging strategies. Indeed, the results show a reduction of 47.94% of the average charging cost with a unitary selling/buying price ratio in comparison to the simple charging at 230V-32A.