Blockchain Papers

Kazuyuki Shimizu

No abstract is available for this record.

Cynda Jones Carswell

No abstract is available for this record.

Steven Paul Nohr

Blockchain-based financial systems increasingly intersect with regulated domains, including stablecoins, real-world asset (RWA) tokenization, decentralized finance (DeFi), decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and ESG-linked financial instruments. Existing blockchain insurance and underwriting models rely predominantly on probabilistic risk pricing derived from historical data, oracle-fed inputs, and machine learning inference. While sufficient for limited-scale applications, these approaches exhibit structural limitations when applied to high-volume, regulation-intensive systems. This paper demonstrates that probabilistic risk pricing alone imposes a fundamental scalability ceiling, as residual risk grows unbounded with system volume. We introduce a control-oriented risk mitigation framework based on the Crystal Validator (CV), which enforces execution-level compliance constraints prior to transaction finalization. By reducing compliance entropy through deterministic validation, CV bounds residual risk independently of transaction volume. We formalize this distinction using control theory, information theory, and cyber-physical systems (CPS) principles, and show why improved machine learning alone cannot resolve these limitations. The results establish control-oriented validation as a necessary architectural primitive for sustainable blockchain insurance and regulated on-chain finance.

Morshed Mannan, Primavera De Filippi

No abstract is available for this record.

Amelia Lo, Clarie Ku

No abstract is available for this record.

Kirill V. Yermishov, Ekaterina V. Azimina

The article examines the evolution of theoretical and methodological approaches to evaluating the efficiency of innovative projects in relation to changes in the characteristics of innovations themselves. The relevance of the work is driven by the need to overcome the «innovation blindness» of traditional investment analysis methods under conditions of high uncertainty. Based on a retrospective analysis, a cause-and-effect relationship between the increasing complexity of the nature of innovations, changes in the economic environment, and the development of assessment tools is revealed. The author’s periodization of the genesis of approaches is proposed, synchronizing periods, development drivers, characteristics of innovations, dominant methods, and key concepts. Special attention is paid to promising directions for the development of methodology, including quantum computing, neuroeconomic modeling, and decentralized autonomous organizations, which is confirmed by relevant research in 2025–2026. The conclusion about the transition from static accounting models to dynamic, adaptive systems integrating real options theory, risk management, and digital technologies is substantiated.

Kolja Sahm, George M. Giaglis

The nomenclature of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) implies a capability for autonomous operation that remains theoretically undefined and empirically unverified. This paper addresses this blind spot by reframing DAO analysis through a reductionist systems engineering lens, defining autonomy strictly as a system’s capacity to achieve goals under uncertainty without external intervention. We propose a novel measurement framework adapted from robotics standards (0–5 scale) and apply it to a random sample of N= 50 DAOs. The results reveal a stark disconnect between promise and reality: the ecosystem is currently capped at agency (Level 3), with the vast majority functioning merely as automated, human-dependent systems. Through an ordered logit analysis, we demonstrate that while architectural design choices, specifically regarding governance formalization and oracle integration, drive lower-level automation, the probabilistic reasoning required for high autonomy is statistically absent. We conclude that until the technical barriers to artificial intelligence integration are overcome, the ecosystem will remain “DAOs in Name Only,” failing to fulfill the autonomous promise of their title.

Sowelu Avanzo, Daniele Pautasso, Irene Domenicale, Alex Norta · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Morshed Mannan, Primavera De Filippi

Abstract This chapter reviews and contributes to the debate concerning the fiduciary duties of network participants of blockchain systems, with a focus on software developers and decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) members. After briefly introducing the concept of fiduciary duties in the UK and the US, the chapter surveys the early academic debates on the fiduciary status of core developers. It then turns to an analysis of the main case law in England and California relating to fiduciary duties in this space, before arguing that the imposition of implicit fiduciary duties could lead to unjust outcomes, deter participation in blockchain systems, and stifle innovation. Instead, the remainder of the chapter contends that pursuing co-regulatory efforts which are grounded in the principle of regulatory equivalence, such as the adoption of the COALA DAO Model Law, will secure the public policy objectives of imposing fiduciary duties, without sacrificing the distinctive features of blockchain networks.

А. М. Verchenkova

Секция 5. Логистика в современном бизнесе.

Meet Thakar, Devarshi Mehta

No abstract is available for this record.

Naufal Ziyaadaturrahman

No abstract is available for this record.

ietje Smid-Woelders

The Prism Protocol is a privacy-native authentication and identity architecture in which a user can prove attributes or authentication state without directly revealing their identity to the server. It combines WebAuthn (W3C Level 3), Zero-Knowledge Proofs (Groth16 via circom/snarkjs), and NFC-based physical presence verification into a single coherent protocol stack. The core mechanism is a triangular key derivation model: biometric authentication (WebAuthn), a device-bound private key (FIDO2 Secure Enclave), and a time-limited wearable nonce (NFC ISO 14443 or BLE) jointly produce an ephemeral key. In v14, a working ZKP implementation is demonstrated: an age-threshold circuit proves that a user meets a criterion without the server ever receiving the attribute value. Verification is performed server-side via snarkjs.groth16.verify(). Within the demonstrated implementation flow, the server receives no name, no biometric data, no persistent identifier, and no direct attribute value. Sessions are designed to be mathematically unlinkable from the server perspective. A working proof-of-concept was demonstrated on 25 April 2026 at prismpass.globalsecurity.nu. The broader ecosystem (PrismPass, PrismID, PrismShield, PrismAdd, PrismChat, PrismAir, PrismGuard, PrismHash, PrismWipe) is documented in this Invention Disclosure. The protocol introduces no novel cryptographic primitives; its novelty lies in the specific architectural combination, orchestration model, and protocol-class definition addressing twelve authentication questions not simultaneously addressed by existing systems. Note: The post-quantum migration path (ML-KEM-768, ML-DSA-65) is documented as a formal architectural claim and forward-compatibility design decision. It describes the intended migration route, not a currently implemented feature. The working implementation uses ECDH, ECDSA, AES-256-GCM and Groth16. Author: I. Smid-Woelders, independent inventor, Zwolle, Netherlands. First documented: 25 April 2026. Contact: contact@globalsecurity.nu

Jitendra Sharma, Jigyasu Dubey

No abstract is available for this record.

Linda Handayani, Eri P. Wibowo, Avinanta Tarigan, Asep Juarna

No abstract is available for this record.

Hannah Berger

No abstract is available for this record.

Achraf Tifernine, Yassine Lkhalidi, Hatim Kharraz Aroussi

No abstract is available for this record.

Ashley Ujoodah, Visham Ramsurrun, Parvesh Seeburrun, Karel Veerabudren · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Meghna K. Bhatt, Mohammad Shabaz, Gyanendra Kumar

Digital Twin (DT) technology is elevating the next-generation intelligent transportation systems industry to new heights, as it enables real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and adaptive control of connected and autonomous vehicles. However, the use of GenAI and DTs in interconnected vehicular technology ecosystems introduces new attack vectors, particularly from quantum computing, which can easily break classical encryption systems. This paper introduces Reputation-based Proof-of-Stake (R-PoS), a hybrid consensus mechanism tailored for lattice-based PQC operations on vehicular edge devices. The core contribution is a lightweight hybrid consensus mechanism optimized for lattice-based PQC on edge devices, enabling secure and scalable synchronization between physical assets and their digital twins. Experimental results from a containerized IoT testbed using the Open Quantum Safe (OQS) library show that the proposed PQC-BC framework achieves an average throughput of 1178 transactions per second with latency of 0.78 second. These results affirm the framework's efficacy in securing future interconnected vehicular environments and establishing a trust foundation for sustainable quantum-resistant digital twin applications.

Kazuyuki Shimizu

No abstract is available for this record.

Shuhan Qi, Qinglin Zhao, Zijie Liu, Mengchu Zhou · 7 authors

Ethereum 2.0 (ETH2) marks a pivotal shift in blockchain technology, transitioning from a Proof-of-Work (PoW) to a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism, with Gasper at its core. While this evolution promises enhanced scalability and energy efficiency, the performance of its block proposal stage is highly sensitive to network latency and system parameters, such as slot length. This sensitivity introduces a critical trade-off between throughput and security, measured by the probability of blockchain forking. This paper reveals that network latency is not just a passive risk but an exploitable attack surface. We introduce the "adaptive latency-driven equivocation attack", a novel adversarial strategy where an attacker deliberately creates forks while mimicking the behavior of a high-latency node, thus achieving plausible deniability. To formally analyze and quantify the impact of this threat, we develop a comprehensive theoretical model by using Markov chains to analyze the fork probability and throughput of the Gasper's block proposal mechanism under both honest and adversarial conditions. Through extensive simulations, we validate the accuracy of our model in both normal and bursty traffic conditions. Our findings provide a systematic methodology for optimizing system parameters to achieve a robust balance between performance and security, offering a foundational guide for configuring ETH2 networks against sophisticated, latency-based threats.

Oleksandr Khoshaba, Віктор Гречанінов, Viktor Grechaninov, Ivan Zora · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Adya Pratapchandran

No abstract is available for this record.

Odnala Srinivas, Mallu Shiva Rama Krishna, G. Bhavani, Pullela Gokul Krishna · 7 authors

The exponential growth of IoT devices in smart city infrastructures generates vast edge data, demanding secure, low latency, energy-efficient processing. Conventional cloud-centric models face bandwidth bottlenecks, latency overhead, and single-point vulnerabilities, necessitating decentralized management. This research introduces BQAREM: Blockchain-Secured Quantum Adaptive Resource Management for Edge Machine Learning, integrating blockchain security, quantum optimization, reinforcement learning. The framework employs timestamped identity verification, multi parameter trust assessment, and a weighted Proof-of-Stake consensus for secure coordination. Quantum adaptive scheduling and smart contracts ensure efficient, tamper-proof resource allocation, achieving superior latency, energy efficiency, SLA compliance. Comprehensive performance evaluation demonstrates that BQAREM significantly enhances reliability, scalability, intelligent resource orchestration across heterogeneous edge environments. Testing in various smart city scenarios including Smart Grid Control, Traffic Management, Healthcare Monitoring, Surveillance Systems, and Emergency Response demonstrates high accuracy (> 95%), reduced latency (< 50 ms), and efficiency improvements exceeding 80%, with balanced energy use. BQAREM uniquely unifies blockchain-backed trust like timestamped identity + weighted PoS, quantum-adaptive risk-sensitive RL, and multi-resource orchestration with a new Robust Performance Index (RPI) for secure, low-latency, energy-aware Edge-ML scheduling.