Follow blockchain research across journals, conferences, and preprint repositories.
152 results · page 2 of 7
L. V. Kovalchuk, I. M. Kuznetsov, M. Yu. Kuznetsov
No abstract is available for this record.
Микола Маленко
This article examines the limitations of existing hybrid rollup solutions and presents an adaptive L2 architecture model that leverages artificial intelligence mechanisms. It is shown that current approaches to combining optimistic and ZK verification are largely based on static rules or manual mode selection, which prevents them from effectively accounting for load dynamics, risk profiles, and domain-specific properties of applications. Based on an analysis of optimistic, ZK, and hybrid rollups, an adaptive hybrid rollup model with AI-based transaction routing is proposed. This model combines transaction classification, GNN-based decision making, LSTM-based network condition forecasting, a dual-path execution system, and a continuous learning module. The article describes a Predictive Routing Algorithm that performs proactive selection between ZK and optimistic paths, taking into account cost, latency, security, and risk profile, as well as a Dynamic Resources Allocation mechanism that dynamically redistributes resources between the paths. The proposed multi-criteria optimization framework demonstrates the ability to tune objective weights to the specifics of different classes of DeFi and Web3 protocols. It is shown that the implementation of such a model is promising for systems with high transactional intensity, as it enables a shift from manual configurations to automated, data-driven policies for resource and risk management in hybrid rollup architectures.
S. V. Krivoruchko, V. A. Lopatin, S. S. Akulinkin
The paper studies DeFi (decentralized finance) as a decentralized system for the circulation of financial tokens in virtual and cryptocurrency spaces. The subject of the study is the basic concepts, structures, and properties of DeFi. The relevance of the work is determined by the presence of unresolved issues related to the conceptual apparatus and structure of DeFi, factors of reduction and methods for determining the level of decentralization of DeFi, the functioning of the DeFi infrastructure, which highlights the need for further research into the concepts, structures and properties of DeFi. The aim of the study is to form a theoretical and methodological foundation for DeFi by clarifying the conceptual apparatus and identifying the features of DeFi functioning. The methodological framework of the study is based on the following principles: an object-subjective approach to describing entities, a method of structural analysis of objects, a systems approach to model objects, a process approach to analyzing the functioning of systems, and a service approach to analyzing interactions between serving and served systems. The study resulted in the formulation of the concept of DeFi (including the concept of a decentralized system). The following were identified: factors of centralization (reduced decentralization) of DeFi; the structure of DeFi as a set of subsystems for the circulation of virtual financial tokens and crypto tokens; a method for assessing the degree of DeFi decentralization as a system for the circulation of digital financial tokens; a three-tier service model of the DeFi infrastructure; and a model for the interaction of financial token circulation processes. Conclusions: The conceptual framework of DeFi, including the definition of DeFi as a decentralized system for the circulation of financial tokens in virtual and crypto spaces, allows us to identify the functional features of DeFi that ensure conditions for significantly greater transparency of the rules and results of financial transactions compared to traditional centralized financial systems. The use of virtual and crypto tokens, along with other DeFi mechanisms in financial circulation, significantly reduces uncertainty and the associated risks of executing financial agreements between economic entities.
Людмила Василівна Ковальчук, Микола Юрійович Кузнєцов, Алла Антонівна Шумська
Розглядається модель функціонування блокчейну, що ґрунтується на протоколі консенсусу Proof-of-Stake, а саме — протоколі Ouroboros Praos. Кожен створений блок стає видимим усім стейкхолдерам з певною затримкою, або часом синхронізації, що є випадковою величиною з натуральними значеннями та заданим дискретним розподілом. Можливе розгалуження блокчейну внаслідок того, що слотлідер може не бачити останній створений блок. Тому в разі утворення нового блока формується посилання на раніше створений видимий блок. Ще однією причиною потенційного розгалуження є наявність декількох слотлідерів у одному й тому самому таймслоті, оскільки у разі застосування протоколу Ouroboros Praos така можливість є. Множина всіх блоків блокчейну, які були будь-коли створені (зважаючи й на ті, що не увійшли до історії блокчейну згідно з правилом «довшої гілки»), утворює дерево, гілками якого є ланцюги блоків, пов’язаних між собою посиланнями. Запропоновано застосовувати алгоритм методу Монте-Карло для оцінки таких характеристик дерева: середня довжина найдовшої гілки, середня ефективність процедури генерації блоків, середня довжина найдовшого розгалуження, а також розподіли відповідних випадкових величин. Числові приклади ілюструють високу точність отриманих оцінок за незначних витрат часу на обчислення.
I. N. Rozenberg, Ia. M. Dalinger
Possibilities to use distributed ledger technology are shown referring to storing data in information systems of airports and aviation systems of various levels. The features of the operation of a distributed ledger are noted regarding information systems. Various options for generating messages for storage using distributed ledger technology are studied along with the parameters of message flows. The features of using blockchain technology when creating distributed ledger are highlighted in case of the need to correct the stored information. Apossibility to use network technologies is shown for forming distributed ledger, the nodes of which are located at significant distances from each other (registries of several airports). The provided data can be used to create reliable distributed information storage facilities, both within a separate airport and for a group of airports.
Vasiliy Krundyshev, Oleg Vasiliev, Maxim Kalinin, A. S. Konoplev
No abstract is available for this record.
ВАДИМ ПОДДУБНИЙ, Олександр Сєвєрінов
The article presents an analysis of the robustness of an authentication scheme based on zero watermarking. The study examines a two-factor authentication scheme that uses "knowledge of something" (a password) and "possession of something" (a digital RGB image) as its factors. The zero watermarking algorithm chosen is based on DWT and K-means transformations, with additional use of the Swish function. The analysis is conducted by considering the theoretical complexity of the algorithm assuming the adversary knows its parameters, such as the password, the hash of the password, the image, the reference watermark, the transformation result, and other parameters. Previous studies have shown a high theoretical robustness of the scheme, which relies on the complexity of the password and the dimensionality of the image. For large image sizes (512×512 pixels and above), a relatively high level of cryptographic resistance is achieved. However, this robustness is not formally proven, and the actual strength may be significantly lower due to the specifics of the images and transformations, which can introduce additional vulnerabilities. The algorithm is subject to a relatively high rate of collision, associated with digital image transformations and matrix multiplications, which weakens its resistance. Authentication schemes and zero watermarking algorithms require further research, formal proof of cryptographic properties, and methods for integration into access control systems, as they can provide a high level of authentication robustness in systems with high noise levels. Additionally, the convenience and low cost of such schemes give them an advantage over other authentication methods. The study provides recommendations for improving the potential characteristics of the algorithm.
M. O. Kalinin, V. M. Krundyshev, O. S. Vasil’ev
Abstract This article examines the problem of ensuring Byzantine fault tolerance in the distributed ledger systems of a smart city. To improve the security of distributed ledger systems, it is proposed to use the Hashgraph distributed consensus protocol, in which events are organized as a directed acyclic graph and nodes exchange “gossip about gossip.” The traditional Hashgraph protocol is supplemented with a developed trust model that reduces the influence of malicious devices when reaching consensus in the digital infrastructures of a smart city.
Зарудний, Іван, Любчак, Володимир
The article examines the theoretical foundations for selecting algorithms and data structures to ensure secure storage and processing of metadata in IoT systems using the Ethereum blockchain. A classification of metadata types specific to heterogeneous IoT environments is presented, taking into account semantic significance, update frequency, and data criticality. Formal requirements for algorithms are formulated, covering resistance to forgery, computational complexity, scalability under high-intensity request loads, and resource efficiency in terms of gas costs and network throughput. A comparative analysis of data structures employed in the Ethereum infrastructure, including Merkle Tree, Merkle-Patricia Trie (MPT), Multi-State MPT, and GPU-accelerated modifications, is performed according to criteria such as asymptotic complexity, memory efficiency, and suitability for incremental updates. A conceptual model for organizing metadata exchange between IoT nodes and smart contracts is proposed, incorporating modules for encoding, verification, gas cost optimization, and standardized interaction interfaces. The presented results provide a theoretical basis for developing formally verified and energy-efficient solutions in the field of secure Ethereum blockchain integration with the Internet of Things.
Ivan Zarudny, Volodymyr Lyubchak
The article examines the theoretical foundations for selecting algorithms and data structures to ensure secure storage and processing of metadata in IoT systems using the Ethereum blockchain. A classification of metadata types specific to heterogeneous IoT environments is presented, taking into account semantic significance, update frequency, and data criticality. Formal requirements for algorithms are formulated, covering resistance to forgery, computational complexity, scalability under high-intensity request loads, and resource efficiency in terms of gas costs and network throughput. A comparative analysis of data structures employed in the Ethereum infrastructure, including Merkle Tree, Merkle-Patricia Trie (MPT), Multi-State MPT, and GPU-accelerated modifications, is performed according to criteria such as asymptotic complexity, memory efficiency, and suitability for incremental updates. A conceptual model for organizing metadata exchange between IoT nodes and smart contracts is proposed, incorporating modules for encoding, verification, gas cost optimization, and standardized interaction interfaces. The presented results provide a theoretical basis for developing formally verified and energy-efficient solutions in the field of secure Ethereum blockchain integration with the Internet of Things.
Oleg Kravets, Ali Husein, Diana Getmanskaia, Mustafa Al-Imari · 7 authors
The article discussed an automata model of the functioning process of a system with distributed ledger technology based on a blockchain. The goal is to develop a special mathematical system with a distributed ledger based on a blockchain, taking into account the specifics of implementing algorithms for mutual information coordination, the possibility of combining individual nodes into groups, and implementing alternative strategies based on the development of appropriate models and algorithms that ensure increased stability in their operation. Automata theory was used, theory and methods of mutual coordination were applied, and the mechanism of the functioning process of a system with a distributed register was implemented. An automata model has been obtained and investigated. Thus, an automata model of the distributed ledger technology blockchain system node functioning process has been developed, which differs from the node representation by a finite state machine with a variable structure and a linear tactic with the possibility of implementing non-standard functions: the formation of a branch of processed data and a temporary blockage attack, and provides for obtaining the dependence of the sequence of changing the node's behaviour strategy options on the conditions of the environment it interacts with.
Farhad Asgarov, Fatih Said Duran, Namig Samadov, Şerif Bahtıyar
Cite this article as: F. Asgarov, F. S. Duran, N. Samadov and Ş. Bahtiyar, “Blockchain based ownership and DNS configuration with ethereum rollups,”Electrica, 25, 0051, doi: 10.5152/electrica.2025.25005.
P.P. Petriv, T.I. Nakonechnyi
The article proposes a comprehensive approach to solving the data protection problem in decentralized distributed information storage systems based on blockchain technology. A conceptual "SecureChain" model has been developed that integrates modern cryptographic protection methods with programmable smart contract logic for automated access management and data integrity assurance. The model employs a multi-level architecture including data layer, smart contract layer, network interaction layer, and user interface. The key innovation is the application of Shamir's threshold encryption schemes (t, n) controlled by smart contracts, combination of symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms (AES-256 for data, Curve25519 for keys), and implementation of a "secret disclosure" mechanism to enhance critical information security. Experimental validation of the model was conducted in three typical use cases: medical data storage system, corporate document management system, and electronic voting platform. Results demonstrate significant improvement in key security metrics compared to traditional approaches: resistance to attacks on individual nodes (by 65%), data confidentiality (by 72%), access audit capability (by 90%), and fault tolerance (by 58%) with moderate increases in storage costs (by 15%) and access time (by 10%). Additional scalability analysis showed a near-linear relationship between performance and both data volume and number of users. The proposed model and implementation methodology have significant practical value for organizations working with confidential data and requiring reliable distributed storage systems that meet modern security requirements and regulatory standards. Keywords: smart contracts, cryptographic protection, threshold encryption, distributed systems, key management, data integrity, network security.
Tuholukov, Oleksandr, Lyushenko, Dmytro
The rapid development of decentralized technologies and blockchain is transforming the methods of authentication, data management and the implementation of digital human rights, which actualizes the need to form a new identity paradigm based on user autonomy and trustful interaction without intermediaries. The purpose of this article is to substantiate self-sovereign identity as the foundation of trust and digital asset management within the Web3 ecosystem. The research methodology combines comparative legal and formal-dogmatic analysis, structural-functional modeling of the three-way interaction among issuer, holder, and verifier, as well as a problem-oriented review of the technical standards and practices of early platforms (Sovrin, uPort). It is demonstrated that the emergence of self-sovereign identity is a natural response to the shortcomings of centralized and federated identification models in Web 2.0 (OAuth 2.0, OpenID Connect): dependence on providers, concentration of leakage risks, and inability to disclose attributes selectively. The article reveals the mechanism of trust formation in the self-sovereign identity system, which is based on a three-party model of interaction between the issuer, the holder and the verifier; in this model, data authenticity is ensured using cryptographic verifiability through decentralized identifiers and verifiable credentials, which allows minimizing the participation of intermediaries, reducing the surface of possible attacks and guaranteeing the autonomy of the data subject in the process of managing their own digital identity. The key principles of self-sovereign identity (control, availability, transparency, minimization of disclosure, portability, security/resilience, and consent) are systematized, and their applied role in forming a «trust architecture» in Web3 (DAO, DeFi, NFT) is demonstrated. The study revealed a regulatory asymmetry between the technological development of self-sovereign identity systems and the level of their legal regulation. For Ukraine, key regulatory gaps have been specified that hinder the implementation of self-sovereign identity systems and limit the possibility of integrating Ukrainian e-government systems into the international Web3 space: the legislation lacks definitions of the terms «self-sovereign identity» and «decentralized identifier», which is why these concepts have no legal status in Ukraine; the current legal framework for electronic identification and personal data protection is incompatible with the principles of decentralization, self-control, and minimization of information disclosure, which underlie the SSI model. The practical significance of the results lies in the proposed holistic legal and technical framework for developing Web3 trust services, which enables the design of interoperable and secure processes for managing digital assets, prioritizing personal sovereignty over data.
Просолов, Владислав Валерійович, Халімов, Геннадій Зайдулович, Шулік, Павло Вікторович, Смірнов, Антон Олександрович · 5 authors
The subject of the research is methods for detecting attacks in networks with the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism. The purpose of this experimental investigation and analysis is to evaluate the effectiveness of classical machine learning algorithms for detecting malicious nodes in blockchain systems. The tasks include the analysis of blockchain technology vulnerabilities, the creation and use of a specialized dataset for PoS networks, as well as the construction and testing of machine learning models. The main focus is placed on comparing three algorithms – Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and k-Nearest Neighbors – in order to determine their suitability for monitoring node activity and detecting anomalies. To solve the tasks set, the following methods were implemented: modeling, empirical, and mathematical approaches were applied. Modeling consisted of software implementation of the selected algorithms and subsequent analysis of their performance using accuracy, recall, F1-score metrics, and confusion matrices. Empirical methods were realized through testing the models on a partially synthetic dataset containing more than 10,000 records of blockchain nodes and transactions. Mathematical methods involved the calculation of statistical performance indicators and the analysis of feature importance that characterizes node behavior. The achieved results include the validation of a dataset for PoS blockchains that incorporates key operational parameters of transactions and nodes, the development of recommendations for further use of machine learning models, and the testing of selected models. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that machine learning is an effective tool for identifying anomalies and malicious activity in blockchain systems. The obtained results lay the foundation for further research, which may focus on expanding the feature space, integrating deep neural networks, developing ensemble approaches, and adapting methods to different types of blockchains.
Деменко, Євгеній Євгенович, Гребеннік, Ігор Валерійович, Колмиков, Максим Миколайович
The problem of reproducibility of experiments in optimizing validator allocation in blockchain networks with Proof of Stake consensus was investigated, in particular due to the absence of standardized datasets and unified testing methods, which complicates the objective comparison of algorithms. To tackle this issue, we propose a method for building test datasets that rely on deterministic pseudorandom sequence generators and validator profiles calibrated against Ethereum network statistics. Each validator is described by a set of parameters that includes the stake size with the minimum requirement according to Ethereum standards, performance with a uniform distribution, reliability in a high range, network delays depending on the geographical proximity of participants, geographical location according to the actual statistics of validator distribution by regions, quality of network connection, and slashing history according to the violation statistics in the Beacon Chain. Three datasets of different scales were created for small, medium, and large network configurations with fixed initial values of the generators to ensure full reproducibility of experiments. A multi-criteria evaluation system was developed based on a generalized quality indicator that maximizes system throughput and minimizes load imbalance and network delays with scientifically grounded weighting coefficients. The tenfold testing protocol ensures the statistical reliability of results and reduces the impact of randomness on conclusions. The experiments conducted a comparative analysis of four allocation algorithms: a hybrid metaheuristic method based on particle swarm optimization with local search, random allocation with correction, an adapted Ethereum shuffling mechanism, and a greedy algorithm. The experimental results revealed scale-dependent efficiency of the algorithms: the hybrid method provides high optimization quality at all investigated scales, but quadratic growth of execution time limits its application to periodic offline planning of network configuration; the shuffling mechanism demonstrates stable medium-quality results with fast execution; the random method is characterized by moderate speed with variable results; the greedy algorithm shows maximum speed with deterministic results but variable efficiency depending on the network scale. The proposed method forms a basis for standardizing experimental research in Proof of Stake consensus systems. It ensures the objective comparison of new algorithmic solutions for validator allocation in decentralized blockchain networks.
Jing Ma, Yuanbo Chen, Yanfang Fu, Zhiqiang Du · 6 authors
Cooperative multi-UAV clusters have been widely applied in complex mission scenarios due to their flexible task allocation and efficient real-time coordination capabilities. The Air Command Aircraft (ACA), as the core node within the UAV cluster, is responsible for coordinating and managing various tasks within the cluster. When the ACA undergoes fault recovery, a handover operation is required, during which the ACA must re-authenticate its identity with the UAV cluster and re-establish secure communication. However, traditional, centralized identity authentication and ACA handover mechanisms face security risks such as single points of failure and man-in-the-middle attacks. In highly dynamic network environments, single-chain blockchain architectures also suffer from throughput bottlenecks, leading to reduced handover efficiency and increased authentication latency. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a mathematically structured dual-chain framework that utilizes a distributed ledger to decouple the management of identity and authentication information. We formalize the ACA handover process using cryptographic primitives and accumulator functions and validate its security through BAN logic. Furthermore, we conduct quantitative analyses of key performance metrics, including time complexity and communication overhead. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach ensures secure handover while significantly reducing computational burden. The framework also exhibits strong scalability, making it well-suited for large-scale UAV cluster networks.
А. О. Твердохліб
The development of high-load computing systems in modern information environments represents a critical aspect of technological progress, necessitating the creation of innovative approaches to cybersecurity. The increasing intensity of data exchange, the complexity of computational processes, and the growing number of interacting nodes pose significant challenges to traditional information security methods. Classical centralized security models are gradually losing their effectiveness due to the high risk of data processing center compromise, the vulnerability to denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, unauthorized access, and system exploits. These risks emphasize the necessity of implementing decentralized security mechanisms that can withstand emerging cyber threats and ensure the reliability of high-load computing infrastructures. This article presents a conceptual approach to enhancing the cybersecurity of high-load computing systems through the integration of blockchain technology and smart contracts. A comprehensive analysis of current threats and risks inherent in such systems has been conducted, along with an investigation into the efficiency of smart contracts in user authentication, access control, data verification, and attack prevention. Particular attention is given to the advantages of decentralized security solutions, including the elimination of single points of failure, the enhancement of transparency in security processes, and the automation of control mechanisms. The study also evaluates the resilience of blockchain-based security frameworks in mitigating both internal and external cyber threats. The proposed architectural model leverages smart contracts for managing access to computing resources, verifying transaction integrity, and minimizing the impact of external threats. The analysis of recent research in blockchain technologies and their application in high-load environments provides insights into the feasibility and advantages of such an approach. By utilizing smart contracts, it becomes possible to automate security procedures, reduce reliance on centralized authentication servers, and ensure that system interactions remain tamper-proof and resistant to adversarial attacks. The research findings indicate that integrating smart contracts into high-load computing systems enhances cybersecurity by automating data verification processes, eliminating intermediaries in transactions, and strengthening resilience against attacks. Furthermore, the study outlines promising directions for future research, including the optimization of smart contract execution mechanisms to reduce computational overhead and the integration of blockchain-based solutions into hybrid security models that combine decentralized and centralized approaches. This approach offers a strategic pathway for developing robust, scalable, and resilient cybersecurity frameworks tailored to the needs of high-performance computing infrastructures.
Максим Володимирович Станіславський, Maksym Stanislavskyi
У роботі проаналізовано сучасні загрози безпеці електронної комерції та обґрунтовано актуальність використання Blockchain для їх мінімізації. Розглянуто принципи роботи блокчейну Ethereum, смарт-контракти на мові Solidity і засоби інтеграції блокчейну з веб-застосунками (Node.js, Web3 тощо). Реалізовано прототип онлайн-магазину з підключенням до мережі Ethereum: розроблено смарт-контракти для забезпечення безпечних транзакцій (оплата товарів криптовалютою, реєстрація/логін користувачів). Результати тестування прототипу продемонстрували, що використання блокчейн-технології дозволяє підвищити захищеність онлайн-магазину: забезпечується цілісність і прозорість даних транзакцій, унеможливлюється несанкціоноване коригування інформації про замовлення, зменшується ймовірність шахрайства.
Nataliia Kunanets, Ю.А. Яримович
У статті проаналізовано можливості платформи Ethereum для розроблення та впровадження смарт-контрактів в інформаційній системі обліку продажу зброї. Розглянуто архітектуру платформи, механізми забезпечення прозорості, безпеки та достовірності даних у процесах купівлі-продажу. Особлива увага приділена аналізу ключових компонентів платформи, таких як Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) та механізм консенсусу Proof of Stake, які забезпечують децентралізовану та захищену основу для роботи смарт-контрактів. Досліджено потенціал смарт-контрактів для автоматизації ключових етапів обліку, включаючи перевірку дозволів на придбання зброї, реєстрацію угод, контроль дотримання законодавчих норм і відстеження змін у даних у реальному масштабі часу. Визначено переваги використання блокчейн-технологій, серед яких — незмінність записів, доступність для аудиту в режимі реального часу, підвищена прозорість операцій і мінімізація людського фактору. Окремо підкреслено, що інтеграція блокчейну дозволяє створити надійні механізми запобігання несанкціонованому доступу, фальсифікації даних і шахрайству. Розглянуто приклади реалізації смарт-контрактів у системі обліку продажу зброї та описано, як автоматизація цих процесів може сприяти зменшенню адміністративного навантаження. Водночас у статті висвітлено ключові виклики впровадження системи, включаючи питання масштабованості мережі, забезпечення конфіденційності персональних даних користувачів, адаптацію існуючих законодавчих норм до блокчейн-рішень і підвищення рівня довіри між учасниками системи. Запропоновано можливі напрями подальших досліджень, зокрема щодо інтеграції смарт-контрактів з іншими цифровими технологіями для забезпечення комплексного підходу до обліку та моніторингу. Результати роботи демонструють високий потенціал використання платформи Ethereum для підвищення ефективності та прозорості процесів у сфері контролю обігу зброї. Інтеграція смарт-контрактів із сучасними інформаційними системами обліку відкриває нові можливості для створення надійних і безпечних рішень, які відповідають викликам цифрової епохи.
Mnar Alnaghes, Hong Shen
The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered an evolving technology, consisting of different types of connected devices that have sensors, specialized hardware, and software. However, considerable challenges related to user data privacy, security, and device integrity are presented by this swift expansion, with digital identity being identified as a significant concern in the online landscape. Established by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) [2], Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) represent a standardized format for defining identity. A peer-to-peer model for managing identity and credentials through self-sovereign identity is facilitated by DIDs, in conjunction with blockchain technology and public-key cryptography. The development of verifiable credentials is enabled by the combination of DIDs and blockchain technology, allowing for the verification of the identities of transacting parties through distributed identity registration and the identification of cryptographic keys necessary for validating electronic authentication during transactions. This integrated framework is regarded as both reliable and trusted. Device registration, verification, and credential revocation are enabled by it. In addition, security is ensured, the privacy of participating nodes is respected, and data integrity is upheld to address several existing challenges, such as data scalability and confidentiality. Trusted management and transaction of IoT data are ensured by the presented IoT data platform. Blockchain, decentralized identifiers, and public key cryptography are integrated by the authors to develop this platform. Self-sovereign identity is granted to each participating device, and dynamic changes in components like consensus algorithms and databases are supported by key features. Different IoT communication protocols are evaluated within a decentralized blockchain infrastructure for identity verification by the authors, focusing on interactions between IoT devices and networked servers through wireless connections. The Hyper ledger framework is used to implement blockchain. Consequently, subsequent optimization solutions are proposed to expand the platform's application range and improve the efficiency of IoT data management.
Qin Wang, Can Qian, Sagor Mia, Hui Zhang · 7 authors
With the continuous advancement of the Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) communication industry, the efficient allocation of scarce spectrum resources to UAVs has become a pressing issue. Given the unique nature of UAVs and the broadcast nature of wireless channels, there are significant instances of unregulated flight operations and malicious attacks, making it essential to ensure the security and fairness of spectrum allocation. The previous work on spectrum sharing schemes seldom considers UAV communication scenarios and fails to consider the transaction environment. This paper employs combinatorial auctions and Stackelberg games to study spectrum trading between multiple base stations (BSs) and UAVs to address these issues. A dynamic, demand-driven spectrum trading model is proposed that accounts for UAVs' flexibility and evolving spectrum needs, maximizing utility for both UAVs and BSs. Subsequently, a blockchain-based spectrum sharing framework is designed, in which the blockchain is made public to trading participants to uphold decentralization. It reflects transactional fairness and reliability through mutual evaluations between the blockchain management platform and trading participants. To simulate a realistic trading environment, we consider specific attack scenarios to assess the credibility guarantee of spectrum trading under blockchain. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the blockchain-based spectrum trading scheme, enhancing spectrum utilization, ensuring the utility of all entities involved, and maintaining the reliability of the trading process.
Milan Feltovic
In the rapidly evolving digital technology landscape, blockchain emerges as a pivotal innovation with the potential to revolutionize industries far beyond its original application in cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. This article explores the critical role of cryptography in decentralized information networks, emphasizing its importance in ensuring the integrity, confidentiality, and authenticity of digital transactions. It examines the mathematical foundations underlying cryptographic techniques, including elliptic curve cryptography and hash functions, and discusses their application in consensus protocols such as Proof-of-Work. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges and potential vulnerabilities posed by quantum computing to current cryptographic standards. By providing a comprehensive overview of both theoretical and practical aspects of cryptography in blockchain technology, this study aims to enlighten readers on the robust security measures essential for maintaining trust and security in decentralized systems. Moreover, the discussion extends to the implications of cryptographic advancements for various sectors such as healthcare, finance, and public administration, highlighting how blockchain enhances transparency and security in these fields. This article underscores the urgency of advancing cryptographic research to address emerging threats and ensure the resilience of blockchain systems against future technological developments. The findings emphasize the need for ongoing innovation in cryptographic methods to safeguard the integrity of decentralized networks in an era of increasing digital interconnectivity.
Przemysław Rodwald
The pseudonymous nature of Bitcoin continually generates interest in services aimed at enhancing transaction anonymity. One such solution is the use of Bitcoin mixing services, commonly referred to as mixers, which are employed to increase user privacy. However, their use can be controversial, as while they serve to enhance financial privacy, they can also be exploited for illicit purposes. One of the challenges faced by law enforcement is identifying suspicious Bitcoin addresses. The purpose of this article is to examine the behavior of selected cryptocurrency mixers as a foundation for future research in this area.