Comparative Analysis of Communication Protocols in Blockchain-IoT Systems for Optimizing IoT Data Flow Efficiency

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered an evolving technology, consisting of different types of connected devices that have sensors, specialized hardware, and software. However, considerable challenges related to user data privacy, security, and device integrity are presented by this swift expansion, with digital identity being identified as a significant concern in the online landscape. Established by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) [2], Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) represent a standardized format for defining identity. A peer-to-peer model for managing identity and credentials through self-sovereign identity is facilitated by DIDs, in conjunction with blockchain technology and public-key cryptography. The development of verifiable credentials is enabled by the combination of DIDs and blockchain technology, allowing for the verification of the identities of transacting parties through distributed identity registration and the identification of cryptographic keys necessary for validating electronic authentication during transactions. This integrated framework is regarded as both reliable and trusted. Device registration, verification, and credential revocation are enabled by it. In addition, security is ensured, the privacy of participating nodes is respected, and data integrity is upheld to address several existing challenges, such as data scalability and confidentiality. Trusted management and transaction of IoT data are ensured by the presented IoT data platform. Blockchain, decentralized identifiers, and public key cryptography are integrated by the authors to develop this platform. Self-sovereign identity is granted to each participating device, and dynamic changes in components like consensus algorithms and databases are supported by key features. Different IoT communication protocols are evaluated within a decentralized blockchain infrastructure for identity verification by the authors, focusing on interactions between IoT devices and networked servers through wireless connections. The Hyper ledger framework is used to implement blockchain. Consequently, subsequent optimization solutions are proposed to expand the platform's application range and improve the efficiency of IoT data management.