Вибір алгоритмів і структур даних для безпечного зберігання та обробки метаданих в IoT-системах на основі блокчейну Ethereum

Abstract

The article examines the theoretical foundations for selecting algorithms and data structures to ensure secure storage and processing of metadata in IoT systems using the Ethereum blockchain. A classification of metadata types specific to heterogeneous IoT environments is presented, taking into account semantic significance, update frequency, and data criticality. Formal requirements for algorithms are formulated, covering resistance to forgery, computational complexity, scalability under high-intensity request loads, and resource efficiency in terms of gas costs and network throughput. A comparative analysis of data structures employed in the Ethereum infrastructure, including Merkle Tree, Merkle-Patricia Trie (MPT), Multi-State MPT, and GPU-accelerated modifications, is performed according to criteria such as asymptotic complexity, memory efficiency, and suitability for incremental updates. A conceptual model for organizing metadata exchange between IoT nodes and smart contracts is proposed, incorporating modules for encoding, verification, gas cost optimization, and standardized interaction interfaces. The presented results provide a theoretical basis for developing formally verified and energy-efficient solutions in the field of secure Ethereum blockchain integration with the Internet of Things.