The rapid development of automation and artificial intelligence (AI) is causing a significant upheaval in the banking sector.These technological advancements are boosting client experiences, increasing financial efficiency, and altering the way banks function.With an emphasis on topics like fraud detection, risk management, customer service (think chatbots and virtual assistants), personalized banking, and automating repetitive processes, this study examines how banks are presently utilizing AI and automation.While highlighting the major advantages-such as reducing expenses, reducing mistakes, and expediting decision-making-it also addresses the drawbacks, including concerns about data privacy, maintaining regulatory compliance, and the effect on employment.According to the study, further integration of technologies such as robotic process automation (RPA), machine learning, and natural language processing is anticipated in the future, which will increase the intelligence and adaptability of banking systems.Also, it looks at new developments that have the potential to drastically change the sector, such as open banking, decentralized finance (DeFi), and AI-powered predictive analytics.As the report concludes, banks must carefully consider ethical issues, make investments in staff upskilling, and figure out how humans and computers can collaborate efficiently, even though AI and automation present enormous prospects for innovation and expansion.Although the banking industry has a bright future, maximizing the potential of new technologies will require careful planning.
The study analyzes the global regulatory landscape for blockchain assets, particularly cryptocurrencies and non-fungible tokens, focusing on the motivations behind policymaker actions, the diversity of regulatory approaches, the challenges posed by decentralized technologies and provide future regulatory pathways. The study uses a conceptual and mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative content analysis of 59 peer-reviewed articles selected through the PRISMA framework. Findings reveal that regulation is primarily driven by concerns over consumer protection, financial stability, anti-money laundering, taxation, and environmental sustainability. Regulatory responses vary widely, ranging from the harmonized MiCA framework in the EU to the fragmented enforcement model in the U.S., along with diverse strategies across Asia. Stablecoins, DeFi, and CBDCs emerge as major regulatory frontiers. The study recommends adopting regulatory sandboxes, promoting international coordination, enforcing environmental standards, and building regulatory capacity in emerging economies to balance innovation with risk mitigation. It also highlights the importance of industry self-regulation and technology-assisted compliance in decentralized finance. The limitation of this study is that it relies solely on secondary data sources, which may limit the accuracy of real-time policy impact assessments. Future research should focus on empirical validation and dynamic policy modeling to enhance global governance of digital assets.
In the modern era of digitalization, integration with blockchain and machine learning (ML) technologies is most important for improving applications in healthcare management and secure prediction analysis of health data. This research aims to develop a novel methodology for securely storing patient medical data and analyzing it for PCOS prediction. The main goals are to leverage Hyperledger Fabric for immutable, private data and to integrate Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques to enhance transparency in decision-making. The innovation of this study is the unique integration of blockchain technology with ML and XAI, solving critical issues of data security and model interpretability in healthcare. With the Caliper tool, the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain's performance is evaluated and enhanced. The suggested Explainable AI-based blockchain system for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome detection (EAIBS-PCOS) system demonstrates outstanding performance and records 98% accuracy, 100% precision, 98.04% recall, and a resultant F1-score of 99.01%. Such quantitative measures ensure the success of the proposed methodology in delivering dependable and intelligible predictions for PCOS diagnosis, therefore making a great addition to the literature while serving as a solid solution for healthcare applications in the near future.
Open access
Impact of AI and Big Data on Business and Society
FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Social media has become an indispensable part of modern life, promoting information dissemination, interpersonal communication, brand promotion, and profoundly influencing people’s social habits and ways of obtaining information. In the rapidly developing technology field, social network platforms have gradually evolved into an important part of the social structure. On the other hand, with the rise and expansion of-blockchain technology from decentralized and distributed ledger technology to many fields, its inherent advantages have also begun to be valued. This study deeply analyzes the current situation and problems encountered in the integration process of social network and block chain and puts forward corresponding solutions. Through detailed case investigation, this paper shows the specific obstacles of the integration link and discusses the potential solutions. The research aims to promote the perfect integration of social media and blockchain technology and aims to provide valuable references for these two rapidly growing areas to support their future development.
Especially new generation investors may prefer to use stocks of popular companies that use advanced technologies and cryptocurrencies as investment instruments. Gold, one of the classical investment instruments, still maintains its place among the commodity assets in the portfolios of investors around the world. These asset groups were evaluated in this study. As the first group investment tool, decacorn and hectocorn technology companies called the new generation the magnificent five; Company stock returns of Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Alphabet, Nvidia Corporation and Tesla were analyzed. In addition, as the second financial asset, cryptocurrencies, which are used as investment instruments as well as being used in daily life with the evolution of technology, and Bitcoin (BTC), which remains popular among these cryptocurrencies, were the subject of the study. Finally, the study evaluated gold mines, one of the world's oldest valuable investment instruments, compared with other financial assets. The study examined the magnificent five stocks, BTC and gold ounce prices between the periods of 2020:01 and 2023:12, using mutual cointegration, vector error correction (VEC) and Granger causality analyses. Findings of the study; Short-term shocks caused by variables in BTC stabilise after about a month. In this process, as NVDA shares increase, BTC value decreases, and as gold value increases, BTC value increases.
An innovative method for improving data security and operational effectiveness is incorporating blockchain knowledge into agricultural supply chain financing. The use of the blockchain approach for safe data storage is examined in this paper which highlights the importance of efficient data gathering and preparation. We describe an all-inclusive approach that includes locating and incorporating several data sources, including bank transactions, supply chain partners, inventory logs and Internet of Things sensor data. Advanced methods guarantee data accuracy and consistency, such as statistical normalization, sensor data fusion and machine learning algorithms for anomaly identification. Principal component analysis (PCA) and sliding windows are two examples of data processing techniques and feature extraction methods covered in this paper. Additionally, strategies for optimizing model performance are presented for classification procedures that use random forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The findings show that blockchain technology’s (BCT) decentralized, immutable ledger offers a strong foundation for data security, risk mitigation and increased transparency in the agricultural supply chain financing system. This strategy advances the effectiveness and dependability of the supply chain by enhancing data security and integrity and facilitating the successful use of consensus procedures and smart contracts.
Abdullah Ayub Khan, Aftab Ahmed Shaikh, Asif Ali Laghari, Mazhar Ali Dootio · 9 authors
Agriculture is one of the vital factors in living, social, and economic stability. The current lifecycle of food safety is multifaceted and unsecured as more stakeholders are involved and sharing resources and related information. This poses serious issues for agriculture industries to provide food safety, transparency, industrial-related information integrity, reliability, trustworthiness in the supply chain, and food livestock against the evolving threats growing in Industry 4.0. This chapter bridges these divergences by enabling a mixture of the “Internet of Things” (IoT) and Blockchain-based novel and secure smart business agricultural transparent supply chain and forecasting architecture. Precision Business Agriculture is a blockchain-IoT-enabled FIWARE cloud-based platform to collect current and previous node transactions and deploy them to the hosts&s; analytics modules. In this proposed architecture, participating stakeholders create a public ledger (Ethereum) network to share and agree on distinct supply chain and business agriculture forecasting-related activities before preserving the IoT-Blockchain ledger. We have conceived and created smart (digital) contracts, implemented them using pseudo-algorithms, and represented them through sequence diagrams to handle stakeholders&s; interaction in the supply chain and forecasting process. This proposed solution delivers system integrity, provenance, transparency, preservation, and a robust security mechanism to store immutable agriculture-business-related information in a permissionless hash (SH-256) encrypted IoT-smart contract distributed ledger.
D. Mythili, M. Ganeshwari, Suleiman Ibrahim Shelash Mohammad, B. Anitha · 6 authors
Crypto-tech is a technology secured by cryptography, which enables the exchange of data and facilitates duplicated and distributed transactions across the entire network of computer systems on the blockchain. This paper aims to study cryptocurrency’s Awareness, perception, and impact among investors with special reference to Coimbatore city. This study will help provide baseline information on the factors influencing investors in cryptocurrency investing. The study found that cryptocurrency is likely to become the next financial platform due to the large amount of cryptocurrency flows in different systems, the huge increase and growth in cryptocurrency consumption and production, and the opportunities that cryptocurrency systems offer. And the level of awareness and preference in the use of cryptocurrency is moderate. However, investors are not yet fully aware of the dangers of using cryptocurrencies. Many cryptocurrency forms do not yet qualify for that level of trust. Investors should take extra precautionary measures when using cryptocurrency until it is well maintained. The future of the cryptocurrency concept is bright as there are many opportunities for positive change and progress in the e-business and e-payment sectors. As technology advances rapidly, cryptocurrency development continues.
Amir Hasan Hamadeh, Rasha Mohammad Nouraldeen, Rasha Mahboub, Mohamed Hashem
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the two determinants of the technology acceptance model (TAM3), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and perceived usefulness (PU) on auditors’ intention to adopt and use blockchain technology (BT) in Lebanon. This study also aims to investigate the moderating role of age on these associations to determine the antecedents of PU and PEOU. A sample of 332 auditors working in Lebanon was used to collect data and the analysis was conducted using the third version of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS3-SEM). Results show that perception of external control and computer self-efficacy significantly affect the PEOU. Job relevance and output quality are PU antecedents and positively influence the variable. In addition, PEOU and PU have a significant positive impact on auditors’ intention to adopt BT. This shows that auditors in Lebanon are more inclined to adopt BT if they feel that BT does not require substantial effort and that BT provides tangible benefits to their work. According to the researchers’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine auditors’ perception of using BT in one of the Middle Eastern countries, Lebanon, and the first to investigate the moderating role of age on the relationship between TAM3 determinants and auditors’ intention to adopt BT. In addition, this study highlights the practical implications of adopting BT in auditing in Lebanon by pinpointing the need for training programs, collaboration between auditors and other departments, developing regulatory frameworks to enhance efficiency, and organizing awareness and educational campaigns. Additionally, investments in infrastructure are critical to facilitate the smooth implementation and adoption of BT. Furthermore, audit firms should organize workshops to educate auditors on the application and the benefits of BT, invest in upgrading the IT systems to be compatible with BT platforms, and provide case studies and pilot projects to promote confidence in BT adoption.
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of cryptocurrency as a financial instrument, examining its underlying mechanisms, market structure, and risk characteristics. The study begins with an overview of cryptocurrency fundamentals, including blockchain technology and the evolution of the cryptocurrency market. Through quantitative analysis of daily returns for six cryptocurrencies and six traditional assets between January 2018 and December 2021, the research demonstrates cryptocurrency's distinctive risk-return profile. Principal Component Analysis reveals three major risk factors driving cryptocurrency returns, while clustering analysis identifies meaningful groupings among cryptocurrencies. The findings indicate that cryptocurrencies exhibit significantly higher volatility and tail risk compared to traditional assets but provide substantial diversification benefits when incorporated into conventional portfolios. Tangency portfolio analysis shows that adding cryptocurrencies to traditional assets substantially improves risk-adjusted returns, with the combined portfolio achieving a Sharpe ratio of 2.72, compared to 0.39 for traditional assets alone. The study further examines regulatory challenges, tax implications, and emerging frameworks, particularly within the European Union. This research contributes to understanding cryptocurrency's role in modern investment portfolios while highlighting the unique risks and regulatory considerations that accompany this emerging asset class.
Purpose: The tourism industry is more and more turning to cutting-edge technologies to tackle issues concerning security, operational effectiveness, and confidence. The decentralized, transparent, and unchangeable characteristics of blockchain technology provide a revolutionary opportunity to improve these areas. This study investigates how blockchain can protect operational processes, secure data, and support service providers and regulators. This research explores the relationship between trust, technology adoption, and regulation by suggesting ways to incorporate blockchain in the tourism industry with a focus on both innovation and responsibility. Design/methodology/approach: The study used quantitative methods to survey 326 professionals in the tourism industry and frequent travelers to explore their interactions with tourism services based on blockchain technology. Data underwent analysis through the utilization of SPSS and SmartPLS 4. This method sought to comprehend the various viewpoints on the advantages and difficulties of incorporating BCT into their activities. Findings: This study Outcomes show the blockchain adoption is perceived. Although some believe that BCT has the potential to improve security and operational efficiency, there are also positive opinions on the matter. Both customers and providers agree on BCT's trustworthiness, however, they have differing opinions on privacy and security improvements. Moreover, the research highlights the crucial importance of regulatory enforcement in promoting blockchain adoption, as blockchain presents valuable chances for ensuring compliance and reducing risks. Implication: This study adds to the current knowledge by offering perspectives from service providers and customers on blockchain technology in the travel sector. It highlights the challenges of integrating new blockchain technologies and urges further research to tackle the raised issues, providing a fresh perspective on utilizing distributed ledger technologies to improve security and operational effectiveness
This study investigates whether cryptocurrency investments have a distinct impact on corporate liquidity depending on when they are held and the stage of a firm’s life cycle at the time of holding, using a sample of Korean companies. The empirical findings first show that cryptocurrency investments affect a company’s liquidity differently depending on when they are held. The findings demonstrate that, three years prior, labeled as t-1, t-2, and t-3, the two-year-old cryptocurrency investments appear to have greatly increased the company’s financial liquidity. Second, this study discovers that cryptocurrency investments have a different effect on a company’s liquidity based on the four stages of its life cycle, which comprise Introduction, Growth, Maturity, and Decline, at the time of holding. According to the findings, cryptocurrency investments at the Mature stage appear to contribute significantly and positively to the company’s financial liquidity. When the coefficients of interaction terms between each year and each life cycle are examined, it is observed that the holding of cryptocurrencies at the Mature stage in year t-2 has the most favorable influence on the company’s financial liquidity in year t. Although the findings do not conclude that the company’s cryptocurrencies held in year t-2 and at the Mature life cycle stage are the only ones that improve financial liquidity, they do suggest that a corporation may profit if it makes astute cryptocurrency investments at the appropriate time to suit its specific set of circumstances.
A perfect digital reflection of our world has been a heavily contemplated concept in the past decade. With the convergence of Web 3.0 and augmented reality (AR) technologies, this network of interconnected entities known as the metaverse has breached our reality. This digital realm leverages blockchain technologies like cryptocurrencies and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), blurring the lines between physical and virtual worlds. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to accelerate these technologies. This review uses AI to analyze the role of cryptocurrencies and NFTs in the metaverse, enabling a comprehensive study of a vast range of literature. This approach aids in understanding how NFTs and cryptocurrencies are used in the metaverse and categorizing their applications. Web 3.0 technologies are seen in areas like artistic expression, virtual healthcare, education, entertainment, legal frameworks, tech innovation, and the virtual economy. This review explores relevant research and shows how AI can transform research by analyzing a wide spectrum of data.
Mark Ng, Monica Law, Brian Wong Chi Bo, Michael Liang
Purpose This study explores key factors influencing individuals' intentions to invest in NFTs, focusing on personal innovativeness, reward sensitivity, knowledge, subjective norms, perceived value and perceived risk. The aim is to provide insights into what motivates investors within this emerging market, addressing a gap in the understanding of NFT adoption from an investor perspective. Design/methodology/approach An online survey collected data from 272 participants in China and Hong Kong. The research employs partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the relationships between various individual, social and market factors and NFT investment intentions. Findings The results suggest that personal innovativeness, reward sensitivity, NFT knowledge, subjective norms and perceived value positively impact NFT investment intentions. Additionally, age and income moderate the effects of subjective norms and perceived value on investment intentions, highlighting demographic influences. Practical implications For practitioners, insights into investor motivators can inform strategies to promote NFT investments, such as promoting the high reward potential, enhancing investor knowledge, leveraging social proof and emphasizing NFTs' perceived value. For academics, the findings open pathways for further research into investor psychology and the evolving dynamics of NFT and traditional investment markets. Originality/value This study advances NFT literature by identifying determinants of NFT investment behavior, a relatively uncharted area. By incorporating theories from investment behavior and technology adoption, it provides a new framework to understand the psychological and social drivers specific to NFT investments.
Andreia de Castro Costa Xavier, Cláudio Gottschalg Duque, Tomás Roberto Cotta Orlandi
This study proposes an archival management method for Electronic Health Records (EHRs) based on architectural techniques and Blockchain and Smart Contracts technologies to ensure governance, security, and privacy in Health 4.0 contexts. Given the increasing relevance of EHRs as sources of information, evidence, and research in digital healthcare ecosystems, the research highlights challenges related to data governance, interoperability, and cybersecurity. Through a qualitative, exploratory approach, the authors present a method structured in seven macro-processes, covering the EHR lifecycle from capture to permanent archival or disposal. The implementation of private Blockchain networks and Smart Contracts automates processes, guarantees data integrity, and strengthens patients' control over their personal data, aligned with legal frameworks for data protection. The findings reinforce the need for innovative archival practices and technological strategies to enhance efficiency, security, and transparency in healthcare information management.
This research aims at examining how blockchain and smart contract technologies can enhance the circular economy in construction. In this quantitative research, data was collected from 134 construction industry professionals from different countries with majority from the UK and Australia by an online questionnaire. The research targeted respondents who possessed certain levels of experience in the field of engineering, construction, project management, and consultation and, therefore, used purposive sampling. An analysis of the survey data indicated that there was a level of support for the application of blockchain (BC) and smart contract (SC) technologies in enhancing circular economy practises. Industry professionals provided higher consensus regarding the benefits of these technologies for promoting circular economy in construction, with mean scores in all the statements above 4.6 on a 5-point scale. The pre to posttest findings were statistically significant t (58.00) p < .000 indicating that the participants’ views shifted from being neutral about the technologies’ advantages. From these findings, the research suggests awareness creation and training, implementation partnership models, policy and incentives support, and more research on the application of BC and SC technologies in the construction sector circular economy.
The new trading through cryptocurrency in India commenced an important role in inspiring individuals to make investments and earn profits.This study aims to dissect the influence of behaviour on investment decisions by futuristic generation Cryptocurrency investors.This type of research is descriptive research with a quantitative approach.This research aims to test and explain the influence of the direct association between the behavioural variables on investment decisions by cryptocurrency investors through hypothesis testing.This research has a sample size of 48 investors, achieved through circulating a G-Form questionnaire using a purposive sampling technique.This research uses the F-test with the SPSS 23 application.This research shows that investor behaviour on investment decisions is duly influenced by the Herding factors, Intrinsic Motivation factors, Macroeconomic factors and Perceived assumptions like over/under confidence in their investment choices.
Yongsheng Guo, Ezaddin Yousef, Mirza Muhammad Naseer
This study investigates the key drivers and the economic and social impacts of cryptocurrency adoption. Based on panel data across 37 countries from 2020 to 2023, this research examines the interplay between cryptocurrency adoption and technology development, monetary policies, and economic and social development. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research incorporates panel data analysis across multiple countries to explore correlations and causal relationships between these variables. The study found that technology development, measured by the Network Readiness Index (NRI) enables cryptocurrency adoption. Economic conditions measured by higher national inflation rates and monetary policy indicators, including lower interest and exchange rates are the key drivers for cryptocurrency adoption. The empirical findings reveal that cryptocurrency adoption has negative relationships with economic development measured by the GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, and social development represented by the governance quality corruption index. It implies that cryptocurrency is used as a virtual anchor (digital gold) for national inflation. Findings reveal how network readiness, economic conditions, and monetary policies contribute to fostering cryptocurrency adoption, while resulting in impacts on economic growth, labour markets, and governance. The research contributes to the literature by integrating technological, economic, and governance perspectives to elucidate the role of cryptocurrency in reshaping the global economic and social systems.
Abdul Qadeer, Raja Sultan, Mukhtiar Ali Erri, Abdul Waheed
The rapid advancement of technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR), and Big Data has introduced transformative possibilities for financial management. Among these innovations, the Metaverse is emerging as a disruptive platform, offering unique opportunities to reshape financial practices, particularly for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The integration of mobile-based, always-on accessibility and virtual currency systems, coupled with the rise of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), has elevated the Metaverse into a powerful tool for financial innovation and operational improvement. This study explores the attributes, applications, and potential benefits of the Metaverse in revolutionizing SME financial management
Smart contracts are essential to decentralized finance (DeFi) and blockchain ecosystems but are increasingly vulnerable to exploits due to coding errors and complex attack vectors. Traditional static analysis tools and existing vulnerability detection methods often fail to address these challenges comprehensively, leading to high false-positive rates and an inability to detect dynamic vulnerabilities. This paper introduces SmartLLM, a novel approach leveraging fine-tuned LLaMA 3.1 models with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of smart contract auditing. By integrating domain-specific knowledge from ERC standards and employing advanced techniques such as QLoRA for efficient fine-tuning, SmartLLM achieves superior performance compared to static analysis tools like Mythril and Slither, as well as zero-shot large language model (LLM) prompting methods such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4. Experimental results demonstrate a perfect recall of 100% and an accuracy score of 70%, highlighting the model's robustness in identifying vulnerabilities, including reentrancy and access control issues. This research advances smart contract security by offering a scalable and effective auditing solution, supporting the secure adoption of decentralized applications.
This chapter takes a deep dive into the roles of Web3 and the metaverse in improving marketing and sales activities. It focuses on the roles of major technologies such as blockchain, cryptocurrencies, NFTs, AR, VR, AI, and brain-computer interface (BCI) in facilitating marketing and sales in the metaverse. The chapter discusses various mechanisms by which Web3 and the metaverse facilitate in-store and e-commerce sales. For instance, instead of a static product website, the metaverse offers 3D modeled showrooms in which shoppers can walk through like in real life. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the various roles of AR and VR in facilitating marketing and sales. It gives special consideration to NFTs’ roles in marketing. On the product strategy front, we provide details of how NFTs and the metaverse can help create and offer a one-of-a-kind and exclusive product and a new product for niche markets.
In this final chapter, we integrate the ideas discussed in earlier chapters regarding how Web3 and the metaverse are evolving and impacts they are having on economies, societies,and organizations. We consider the future of Web3 and the metaverse and provide perspective on how more applications are likely to be launched as blockchain matures and increasing numbers of individuals and organizations are likely to take advantage of these innovations. The chapter also discusses how advances in other technological innovations such as AI, AR, and VR are likely to affect the potentials of Web3 and the metaverse. It describes and details the potentials as well as the constraints that limit the development of Web3. The chapter also addresses the importance of organizational, interorganizational, and cultural changes resulting from Web3 and the metaverse. Implications for policymakers, businesses, consumers, and scholarly research are discussed.
L. Rahunathan, Suhana Nafais A, S Rivitha, K Saran · 5 authors
Cryptocurrencies have gained popularity since the launch of virtual currencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and many more. Because of their extreme volatility, the cryptocurrency markets present both opportunities and challenges for traders and investors. In this volatile market, accurate cryptocurrency price prediction is essential for making wise investment choices. In this research, created a ground-breaking deep learning-based technique for forecasting bitcoin values. LSTM, GRU, Random Forest Regressor (RFR), and Super Vector Regressor (SVR) are a few of the deep learning algorithms that are used. The proposed model considers a number of elements that may have an impact on the value of cryptocurrencies, including historical price information, trading volume, market mood, and technical signals. In this research cross model is suggested that combines LSTM and GRU for the accurate prediction. Based on the results of evaluation measures such RMSE, MAE, MSE, R-Square Error, and Variance Regression Score, the optimal model is selected. In comparison to previous deep learning models, the hybrid model of LSTM+GRU has performed well in price prediction, according to the results of evaluation metrics.