Blockchain Papers

Наталія Осадчук

It has been studied that the performance indicators of local budgets reflect the general socio-economic condition of the respective territory and its potential for sustainable development.After the decentralization reform, territorial communities received additional financial resources.It was determined that the availability of sufficient resources in local budgets is a guarantee that the territorial community has the opportunity to provide better and more diverse services to its residents, implement social and infrastructure projects, create conditions for the development of entrepreneurship, attract investment capital, develop local development programs and finance other measures to comprehensively improve the living conditions of community residents.It is noted that an important reform in terms of decentralization is land decentralization, since land is a resource that can be used by territorial communities to increase budget revenues.was determined that modern local development is a process of intellectual change of the local management system of the territorial community, the existence of a direct connection between the sustainable development of the territorial community and the region.The main tasks for territorial communities in the process of managing the sustainable development of the region are revealed.

Aleksandra Kuzior

The article deals with questions about the rules of effective, efficient and rational management through the results of marketing communications of administrative units of local self-government. The authors point to the Polish experience in this area with regard to systemic transformation since 1990, based on the decentralization of power and the effective dismissal of social potential, by focusing marketing communications of local governments on activating citizens to take action and ensure citizens' responsibility for the environment. These changes set new tasks for local governments, the proper implementation of which should be based on the implementation of management through the results that can be identified in local government bodies as a process of setting measurable goals for the administration responsible for specific public tasks. implementation of the mechanism of continuous monitoring of these goals, as well as the adaptation mechanism in the context of changes in the internal and external conditions of the organization and informing the public about the results achieved. The results management is based on modern tools used in public finance management, that is, budget execution and management. In order to improve the activities of local self-government bodies, the authors offer lifelong learning in the form of short forms of support (training, courses, seminars) in the process of non-formal learning, taking into account the educational prerequisites for sustainable development. The authors recommend short forms of acquiring new competencies required by the changing environment, challenges related to technological changes and increasing efficiency of market institutions (enterprises), indicating that non-formal education in the field of results management, combining economic, social and ecological aspects is an indispensable element improving the staff of local government administration, aimed at the proper implementation of statutory tasks and competent service of the local community while at the same time rational and effective use of public funds, and thus an essential element of sustainable city management. New management tools implementation combined with the education process can be treated as organisational innovation.

Zbigniew Bochniarz, Richard S. Bolan

Poland has created a kind of quasi-market focusing on environmental protection and clean-up. New institutions for sustainable development, including the self-financing framework and strong environmental law enforcement mechanisms, have helped draft market forces to serve environmental protection. Poland&s;s self-financing system for the environment is based on a basic precept of environmental economics: the &s;polluter pays principle&s;. This chapter shows that Poland has developed a unique solution to the difficulties facing environmental protection by institutionalizing self-financing and decentralizing the funds. In addition to national, voivodship and local environmental funds, two others — the Forestry Fund and the Farmland Protection Fund — are also regarded as ecological funds. Another institutional innovation providing environmental funds to potential investors in Poland is the Bank for Environmental Protection. One of the most innovative ventures in Poland is the debt-for-environment swap. Poland entered into a separate debt-for-environment swap with Finland, which is managed by a special Polish-Finnish Task Force.

Cristinel Ichim

This paper entitled "Public expenditure on health in local budgets" aims analysing and deepening major spending categories that public authorities finance at local level, namely health expenditure. In the first part of the article we have specified the content and role of this category of expenditure in local budgets and also made some feedback on decentralization in health. In the second part of the work, based on data available in Statistical Yearbook of Romania, we have carried out an analysis of the dynamics of health spending from local budgets to emphasize their place and role in the health care expenses. The research carried out follows that the evolution and structure of health expenditure financed from local budgets is determined, along with the legislative framework in the field, by several variables that differ from one territorial administrative unit to another: the existence of sanitary units, their type, the involving of local public authorities in their development and modernization, the number and the social structure of the population. The research shows that over the period 1993-2015, the dynamics of the share of health spending in total expenditures of local budgets is sinusoidal, with a minimum threshold in 2000 of only 0.3%.Journal: The USV Annals of Economics and Public Administration