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Karmendra Bahadur Srivastava, Yash P. Gupta, Rishabh K. Singh, Sudeept Singh Yadav
No abstract is available for this record.
Mintaek Oh, SeokāIn Lim, Junhwa Jang, Youngjae Wi Ā· 10 authors
Abstract To develop smart ionic skins capable of multiāresponsiveness and switchable ionic conductivity, a stimuliāresponsive and ionic conductive azobenzeneābased monomer is newly synthesized, uniaxially oriented, and polymerized for anisotropic liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs). Since the uniaxially oriented monodomain LCE with ionic asymmetric azobenzene monomers (iāAAM) is prepared by thermal oligomerization, uniaxial stretching, and subsequent photopolymerization, the stimuliāresponsive iāAAM LCE is thermally contracted by increasing the temperature above T NI as well as is bent along the aligned direction by irradiating it with UV light. In addition to the change of shape, the ionic conductivity of the LCE is reversible in response to heat and light stimuli. Polydomain iāAAM LCE polymerized without the stretching process exhibits higher ionic conductivity than stretched monodomain LCE due to the initially formed stable ionic pathways. Ionic conductivity can also be switched simultaneously by polarity changes in response to the photoisomerization of iāAAM, increased mobility from heat, and an elastic mechanoresponse from external stresses. These iāAAM LCEābased soft grippers exhibit stimuliāresponsive grasping and releasing actuation and detect ionic conductivity switches finely, suggesting potential as smart skins for advanced soft robots.
Andrew T. Conn, Jonathan Rossiter
In this paper, we present novel methods for exploiting passive and active radially folding mechanisms for reactive and dynamic structures. These enable the application of radially folding structures in domains including fluidics, medical stents, and auxetic materials. A compact form of elastic deployment utilizing linkage strain energy is proposed using beam theory analysis. Elastic strain energy is also shown to produce bistable folding behavior, with two low energy states at full contraction and full expansion, and a bistable switching point at some intermediate position. Polymeric smart materials are investigated for driving active folding. These materials can be readily exploited through the features of the folding structure including its ability to resolve 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D actuation strains into a more effective single degree-of-freedom linear, areal, volumetric or rotational output. The elastic and solid-state nature of many polymeric smart materials means they can implement elastic deployment and bistability. A thermally-activated shape memory polymer is shown to fold a 4-segment structure from expanded to contracted states. Experimental testing of an 8-segment dielectric elastomer actuator prototype demonstrates that radially folding structures can resolve large biaxial planar strains generated by dielectric elastomers into a single linear or rotational output stroke.