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Jun 30, 2019ยทThe Korea Association for Corruption Studies
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A Study on Decentralized Self-Governing Police System

Hyung Sup Kim

์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜์ œ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด์˜ ๊ณต๊ณต๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ž์น˜๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์Šค์Šค ๋กœ์˜ ์ฑ…์ž„ ํ•˜์— ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋œ์–ด ์ง€์—ญ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ž์น˜์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณ ์ทจ์‹œ์ผœ ์ •์น˜์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™”์™€ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฆฝ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ํ†ต์น˜๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์กฐ์ง์›๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๋ฐœ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญํ—Œ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์ •(์•ˆ)์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์  ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ž์น˜๊ถŒ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒ ๊ด€๋ จ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•๊ฐœ์ •์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ณต์ง€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€์˜ ๋ฐ€์ ‘๋„๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์™€์˜ ๋ฐ€์ ‘๋„๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์š•๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์— ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜์˜ ์‹คํ˜„์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒ์ด ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒ (decentralization)์€ ๊ณ„์ธต์ ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์กฐ์ง์˜ ์™ธ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๋ฒ•์ธ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ–‰์ •์ฃผ์ฒด์—๊ฒŒ ํ–‰์ •์‚ฌ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋œ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒ์€ ์ค‘์•™์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์— ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์›๋ฆฌ์ธ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๊ณ ๋„ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์‹œ์ผœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์—๊ฒŒ ์—ญํ• ์˜ ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์›๋ฆฌ, ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์ •๋ถ€์— ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ถŒํ•œ๊ณผ ์žฌ์›์„ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์— ์ด์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ด€์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ์ž์œจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ •์น˜ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์ œ์ฃผํŠน๋ณ„์ž์น˜๋„์—์„œ ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์‹œํ–‰์ค‘์ด๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋ฌดํ˜„ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ์ฃผ๋„๋ฅผ ์ž์น˜๋ถ„๊ถŒ์˜ ์ด๋…์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ , ๋ช…์‹ค์ƒ๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ์ž์œ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์กฐ์„ฑ․์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฒ”์  ์ž์น˜์ œ๋„๋กœ ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ์ธ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์ • ๋“ฑ์— ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ์ž์น˜๊ถŒ ๊ฐ•ํ™”, ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก์ž์น˜์˜ ๋„์ž…, 7๊ฐœ์˜ ํŠน๋ณ„์ค‘์•™ํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๊ด€์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ข…์˜ ํ–‰์ •๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์˜․ํˆฌ์ž์—ฌ๊ฑด์˜ ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ด‘ ๋ฐ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ฒจ๋‹จ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œก์„ฑํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ์ฃผํŠน๋ณ„์ž์น˜๋„์˜ ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๋ฐ˜์ชฝ์ž๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ช… ํ•˜์— ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ด ์ œํ•œ์ ์ด๋‹ค.์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ œ๋„์ž…์€ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ถŒ๋ณด์žฅ์ด ์ง๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๊ฐ„ ์šด์˜๋˜์–ด์˜จ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋˜์ง€๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ์ž…๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„์ž… ๋˜์–ด์„œ ์‹œ๋ฒ”์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ์ฃผ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋Š” ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ์†์—์„œ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ค์ •์— ๋งž๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ๋ถ„๊ถŒํ˜• ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ œ ๋„์ž… ์•ˆ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ․๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ , ํฐ ํ‹€์—์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฌธ์žฌ์ธ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ด‘์—ญ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ์ •๋ถ€(์•ˆ)์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ, ๊ด‘์—ญ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€․์ง€์—ญ์ ์ธ ์žฌ์ •์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์น˜์•ˆ์ˆ˜์š” ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์„œ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ž์น˜๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ค์ •์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋„์ž…(์•ˆ)์„ ๋„์ถœํ•ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐ ๋œ๋‹ค.The local autonomy system is a system in which local governments in each region handle public tasks in the region under its own responsibility by self-governing bodies, thereby empowering local residents to self- It is an important organizational principle of the governing body. In addition, the most important content in the amendment of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea by the President is the revision of the constitutional amendment related to decentralization based on the citizens autonomy. In the process of development of local autonomy, the residents desire for local autonomy is increasing more and more because they are aware that the politics of residents economic life and cultural welfare are much closer to the local government than the close relationship with the state It is a reality. Currently, an Self-governing police system is in operation in Jeju. The Roh Moo-hyun administration decided to build Jeju Island as an international free city with international competitiveness based on the principle of autonomous decentralization. As a pilot self-governing system, it will strengthen the autonomy of the organization, human resources and finance, introduce Self-Governing Police and education self-governing, transfer to seven special central administrative agencies and considerably reduce administrative regulations to create management and investment conditions. To establish a high-tech industry in education, tourism and medical care. However, Self-Governing Police in Jeju Special Self - governing Province have limited role as police under the stigma of half - way police. The introduction of the Self-Governing Police system is an important issue that directly affects the safety of residents and guarantees of basic rights. Currently, the Jeju Self-Governing Police, which has been introduced for the first time in Korea, is operating in the indifference of all, and there are many parts to be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to study and examine the introduction of the Self-Governing Police system which is suitable for our situation. Based on the present government of the Self-Governing Police government of Moon Jae-in, Considering this, I want to check whether it is an Self-Governing Police system that best matches the position of local autonomous entities.Through this, I think we can derive the most suitable introduction to our situation.

Educational Systems and Policies
Marine and Coastal Research
Original source
Dec 1, 2010ยท์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ
0 cites
์ž์น˜๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ œ ๋„์ž… ๋ฐ ์ œ๋„์ •์ฐฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

์ตœ์šฉํ™˜

This study has attempted to comparatively analyze autonomous police system bills and determine a logical plan of action from the perspective of a large local organization. Although Korea became decentralize via local elections in 1995, an autonomous police system has not yet been introduced. The Lee Myung-bak administration has shown a willingness to introduce an autonomous police system through a partial revision of the Autonomous Police Act (draft). To ensure the success of an autonomous police system, the promotion of the following is needed: First, it is necessary to introduce an autonomous police system to large local governments that takes into consideration financial aspects. If the integration of administrative districts is coordinated, the introduction of a municipal/district/county autonomous police system would also be recommended. In terms of the type of organization, an autonomous police system should be under a municipal or provincial governorโ€™s direct control. Second, a close relationship with related organizations should be maintained in terms of supply of manpower. Besides the expansion of this kind of force, it is important to build an intimate and cooperative relationship with the local society. Third, it is necessary to builde expertise and specializationin addition to security services. To fulfill the duties of special judicial police, support from government employees and experts is essential. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a support department such as the โ€˜Department of Special Judiciaryโ€™, which can connect and coordinate a cooperative system. Fourth, it is important to clearly clarify police duties. National police should focus on those issues associated with response to crime, establishment of law & order and ensuring a social safety network. On the contrary, the duties of local police should be limited to customized security services for the locals, support of the fulfillment of official duties and other special judicial police duties. Fifth, a cooperative and complementary relationship with national police should be established. Local police should set up and maintain an equal cooperative relationship with national police to efficiently manage and operate the police force. For this, it is necessary to make mandatory those details including mutual support, joint use of facilities, and establishment of a communication network, etc..

Educational Systems and Policies
Marine and Coastal Research
Innovation in Digital Healthcare Systems
Original source