Abstract (analytical)This article proposes the concept of Generation â‚¿ or Blockchain to analyze youth movements in the era of semantic web. Starting from previous conceptualizations about Generation @ or At sign and about Generation # or Hashtag, the signifier, meaning and traits of the Generation â‚¿ are presented, which are illustrated with the analysis of the 2019 protests, in the context of the mobilizations of the last decade. The concept of Blockchain or chain of blocks serves to reflect on the type of youth movements that emerged after the 2008 crisis, that are chained in blocks as a tactic of resistance against state and corporate powers and as a collaborative way of producing value in the face of the prevailing social anomie. Keywords: Youth, generations, information society, youth movements, social media. Author Keywords: Generation @, generation at sign, generation #, generation hashtag, generación â‚¿, generation blockchain.
This dissertation aimed to present and analyze the financing of social assistance policy in the Argentine and Brazilian federations from 2003 to 2015, highlighting the social assistance services and direct income transfers. It also sought to explore possible effects of different equity financing mechanisms on policy delivery. For this, the focus of the comparison between the two countries was fiscal centralism in the social assistance policy, captured from its two dimensions: jurisdictional and spending. The assumption adopted is that federative arrangements with greater fiscal centralism, that is, with greater Union participation in financing regulation and public policy spending, may favor its more equitable supply throughout the national territory. The methodological strategy was the technique of case studies involving the comparison of two South American federal democracies. For this, a bibliographic review, legislation analysis and secondary data were used, obtained through databases made available on governmental open access portals on the Internet. The main conclusion is that social assistance in Argentina and Brazil has a similar trajectory in terms of the positive evolution of spending between 2003 and 2015, with emphasis on non-contributory pensions and conditional cash transfer programs. However, they differ in spending, decentralization of competencies and jurisdictional centralization of social assistance services.