Although distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) have transformed financial sectors, their manufacturing applications lack systematic maturity assessment frameworks. Previous reviews identified DLT benefits but show critical gaps, including a lack of quantitative maturity metrics, insufficient categorization of use cases, and limited platform-specific comparative analysis. This systematic literature review addresses these gaps through three key contributions: (i) a novel Distributed Ledger Technology Maturity Level (DLTML) framework, (ii) a four-category manufacturing taxonomy, and (iii) platform-specific implementation analysis. Analyzing 60 primary studies (2018â2025) using Kitchenhamâs guidelines, Wohlinâs snowballing, and Treiblmaierâs assessment framework, we answer the following: (i) What are the categories of use of DLT in manufacturing? (ii) What features of DLT are key enablers and what specific challenges have been addressed in current manufacturing solutions? (iii) What is the level of technological maturity of DLT applications in manufacturing according to the existing literature? The category Process Execution Tracking dominates (80 % of the studies), followed by Provenance (65 %), Ownership Management (30 %) and Payment Management (25 %). Smart contracts are the main enablers (81. 67 %), followed by decentralization (48.33 %). Governance mechanisms remain unaddressed, and interoperability progress is limited. Hyperledger Fabric leads privacy-sensitive scenarios (55 %), while Ethereum dominates transparency-focused applications (38 %). DLTML assessment shows that 61.66 % achieve intermediate maturity (DLTML-3), 20 % achieve high-fidelity prototypes (DLTML-4), but none achieves verified operational deployment (DLTML-5). This study provides evidence-based guidance for researchers and decision makers pursuing the adoption of DLT in manufacturing.
The study explores an Ethereum blockchain-based data-sharing system for a computer assembly simulation game, emphasizing the relationship between gas limits and transaction speeds.The research integrates smart contracts for secure data storage of scores and player profiles.A significant challenge identified was the complexity of blockchain's variable transaction speeds for the average user.The research investigated how different gas limits affected transaction times, with experiments conducted across three networks.Results show that a gas limit of 200,000 to 300,000 resulted in transaction speeds of approximately 30 seconds.Increasing the gas limit to 400,000 to 500,000 reduced transaction times to 15-30 seconds, while a limit of 600,000 to 700,000 led to speeds below 15 seconds.These findings suggest a direct correlation between higher gas limits and quicker transaction validations.The research concludes that investing in higher gas can significantly reduce transaction times, presenting a trade-off between cost and speed in blockchain data-sharing for educational simulation media.
Open access
Manufacturing Process and Optimization
Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
This chapter focuses on achievement lies, involving determining opponents often with large amounts of stake. The subjects, suspects and liars are referred to as &s;suspected con-men&s; or &s;conmen&s; and they come in all shapes, sizes and colours. The chapter deals with most types of meetings and suggests how one can handle them to minimize the risks of being deceived. It concerns getting reliable evidence from willing and unwilling witnesses in complex fraud cases and obtaining a written account of their evidence. This may be in the form of a Proof of Evidence, affidavit, statement or criminal justice act statement and is required by lawyers to assess the strength of their case, pre-trial, and to know what the witness is expected to say during it. There are some main problems with witnesses. A person may not wish to become involved, for reasons ranging from apathy to fear, and in the corporate fraud area.