With a delegated proof-of-stake (XDPoS) consensus mechanism, the XDC Network is an enterprise-focused blockchain platform that combines the strength of public and private blockchains to provide quick transaction times, low energy consumption, and economical gas fees. XDC is designed for interoperability and supports decentralized apps (dApps) and integrates smoothly with financial systems. It is perfect for trade financing and tokenisation of physical assets because of its emphasis on security and scalability. However, there are a few critical issues that hamper wider acceptance and usability for certain high-frequency applications. This whitepaper introduces a novel and enthralling dApp for establishing a gasless subnet in which mainnet XDC can be staked to spin off a subnet that functions similarly to a non-crypto network, accepting currency fees on the XDC network. This would allow users to stake their tokens without incurring gas fees making the staking process more efficient, cost-effective, and simultaneously enhancing scalability. Performance evaluation of the dApp shows promising results in terms of throughput, latency, scalability, security, and cost efficiency. The use cases and applications of this approach along with challenges and ensuing solutions are included.
In this paper, we developed an Electromagnetic Transient (EMT) model tailored for large cryptocurrency mining loads to understand the cross-interaction of these loads with the electric grid. The load model has been built using Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) software. We have cross-validated the tripping characteristics of the EMT model of this load with commercial application-specific integrated circuit miners, typically used by large-scale mining facilities, by comparing the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capabilities. Subsequently, LVRT capabilities of the large-scale miners have been tested against various fault scenarios both within the miner’s remote facility as well as at one of the distant buses of the interconnected grid. The significance of this model lies in its scalability to accommodate larger blocks of mining loads and its seamless integration into a larger electric grid.
Cryptocurrency mining farms (CMFs), as a new type of electrical load in the power grid, can cause issues in terms of security and stability due to their high consumption and excessive grid loading. These problems can lead to disruptions in the performance of the grid, resulting in increased network maintenance and repair costs, reduced reliability, and diminished power quality. Therefore, this article proposes an energy management framework for a microgrid in the presence of renewable sources and CMFs. The proposed model includes two stages of day-ahead and real-time scheduling. The first stage focuses on the day-ahead scheduling, minimizing the operation cost while increasing reliability. The second stage updates the first stage planning to minimize fluctuations for 5-minute time windows. The impact of increasing the demand of CMF on the operation cost is evaluated, and the results show that despite a 50% increase in demand, the overall cost increases by 7.34%.