Blockchain Papers

Magnus W. D. Hanson‐Heine, Alexander P. Ashmore

Abstract Simulations of molecules have recently been performed directly on a blockchain virtual computer at atomic resolution. This tutorial review covers the current applications of blockchain technology for molecular modeling in physics, chemistry, and biology, and provides a step‐by‐step tutorial for computational scientists looking to use blockchain computers to simulate physical and scientific processes in general. Simulations of carbon monoxide have been carried out using molecular dynamics software on the Ethereum blockchain in order to facilitate the tutorial.

Mohamed Abdel‐Basset, Reda Mohamed, Osama M. Elkomy

No abstract is available for this record.

Sergey S. Kharintsev, A. V. Kharitonov, A. R. Gazizov, Sergei G. Kazarian

Over the past decades, considerable progress has been made toward far-field optical imaging beyond the diffraction limit. However, most working proof-of-concepts are based on either time-consuming scanning of a subdiffraction focal spot over a sample or postrecovery treatment using a priori information on a sought image. To our knowledge, none of these can be regarded as being close to a perfect far-field superlensing system capable of real-time color imaging with subwavelength resolution. In this paper, we suggest a proof-of-concept for far-field nonlinear metalens that is made of a disordered metal–dielectric nanocomposite. Postoxidation of a refractory titanium nitride (TiN) thin film, used as a nonlinear plasmonic material, results in the formation of a titanium oxynitride (TiON) film comprising a mixture of multiple phases of TiO x N y . Due to a double epsilon-near-zero behavior near the percolation threshold, the TiON favors supercoupling of the incident light to surface plasmon resonance within the visible and near-infrared range. Point spread function narrowing is achieved owing to the multiplicative nature of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and enhanced third-order optical nonlinearity in TiN and TiO 2 particle chains through plasmon resonances and Anderson localization of light, respectively. Combined with a conventional confocal optical microscope, the multimode metalens shows subwavelength resolution of λ/6NA at different visible wavelengths (SRS overtones) using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a test sample. We are confident that our finding will bring us one step closer to developing a robust and versatile far-field super-resolution color imaging system and, eventually, implementing “eye-on-a-chip” technology.