A. N. ASAUL, M. A. ASAUL, I. V. DROZDOVA, G. F. TOKUNOVA
Based on an analysis of the Russian and international (European, American, and Chinese) investment and construction sectors, an assessment is made: the European investment and construction sector is socially responsible and regulated, the American sector i s market- efficient and decentralized, and the Chinese sector is large-scale and mobilized under state control. For Russia, the authors argue, it is valuable to implement best practices in long-term financing (e.g., green bonds), improve urban planning, while maintaining market dynamics and flexibility.
This master's thesis aims to show the wider picture of the impact of technologies on international finance. It starts with a complete history of the development of money, the banking sector and the financial system as a basis for understanding new types of money and systems. Later, it discusses about technologies, which have had an influence on the current financial system. As technology is evolving we are getting more and more interesting services in international finance. As there are more transactions and payments, the thesis deals with problems with scalability, speed and risks of hacking attacks, as well as a centralized system. Positive and negative sides of decentralized system are explained. This master's thesis also gives a perspective on how the future of international finance will develop. Examples and explanations of technologies which will have impact on future financial system are discussed, as well as who will likely try to solve current problems in international finance. Banking sectors and services monitor new technologies and innovation daily, one of the external factors which will influence the future of international finance and is further discussed in this paper.
The imbalance among agriculture, light industry, and heavy industry, as well as the excessive preoccupation with capital accumulation were detrimental to personal consumption. Rural reform consisted of several changes. These included increased financial incentives to peasants, decentralization of planning, and, most important, changes in agricultural organization built around the agricultural responsibility system. Since the adoption of the policies approved during the Third Plenum in 1978, China has undertaken a bewildering variety of experiments and reforms in industrial enterprises. In the summer of 1984, China extended the concept of the Special Economic Zone to fourteen coastal cities to accelerate foreign trade and investment. Economic deregulation required financial and budgetary reform. Instead of receiving capital grants from and remitting all their profits to the state, autonomous enterprises were required to borrow from banks and pay taxes. The individual income tax law applied to everyone residing in China for one year or more.
This article is about the process of globalisation supported by cryptocurrencies. It discusses the influence of cryptocurrencies on three major aspects: the political, economic and social spheres. The section on the political sphere highlights the way the authorities of some countries react towards cryptocurrencies. The evolving legal status of cryptocurrency in different regions is described. The section on the economic sphere enumerates examples of cryptocurrencies used on the financial markets. It shows how cryptocurrency might be used by the business sector. The social sphere section illustrates the major kinds of internet societies which are created around cryptocurrencies and what tools are facilitating cryptocurrency transfers. Many examples of important cryptocurrencies are used. The analysis of statistical data and literature have been used in order to evaluate the topic. The study provides additional evidence proving that cryptocurrencies have a significant impact on the process of globalisation.
The subjects of the research are the transformation of the international financial architecture resulting from the internationalization of some currencies of the BRICS countries, mainly the yuan; the position of the BRICS currencies in the world monetary system; and a possibility of creating a common payment unit in the context of collective currencies, cryptocurrencies and similar monetary and financial products. Based on the correlation analysis of the dynamics of the BRICS currency quotations, the paper expresses a hypothesis about a possibility of concluding a monetary union and creating a common BRICS currency. The purpose of the research was to develop the principles of creating a common payment unit for the BRICS countries both for mediation of international economic relations and for wider international circulation. Based on the methods of analogy, comparative analysis, plotting and statistical forecasting, it is proved that the BRICS currency cannot be built on the cryptocurrency principles. It is stated that emission of the BRICS currency as a cryptocurrency will lead to the anarchy of currencies, which will naturally create conditions for the destruction of the monetary union, elimination of the new currency and preservation of the dollar dominance in the global monetary system. The novelty of the research findings lies in obtaining a formula for calculating the amount of the new BRICS currency needed for international circulation. The theoretical significance of the research is the development of a methodology for establishing the exchange rate of the collective currency for the BRICS countries. The practical importance of the research findings is manifested by determining a potentially new BRICS exchange rate in relation to the currencies of the leading countries, plotting the BRICS currency exchange rate trends to predict the limits of currency fluctuations in accordance with the scenarios from the most optimistic to the most pessimistic.
Changes in the world market of the operations in all companies are constant. The survival on the market of each company depends on the level of flexibility to adapt to all the changes that occur. In addition to the changes, what is important to the environment in which businesses operate and gain their competitive advantage is globalization. The world becomes a "global village" where there are no obstacles in communicating between people who are from two different world sides. There are no barriers to competition, even if they are not physically located on the same market. There are countless opportunities to increase competitiveness and profitability. In the last two decades, globalization has been attracted special attention by scientists, based on its great influence on the development of global finance and financial markets, the expansion of knowledge through improved communication conditions, the expansion of multinational firms and the decentralization of economic activities within and between firms, the development of global oligopolies and the reduction barriers to trade and investment. Globalization requires the transformation of human identity in terms of the knowledge and skills it possesses. Apart from the necessity of applying and changing the knowledge and skills of people working within a particular organization, changes in the domain of the organization and management itself should be made. Globalization and modern organizational structures are assumed to have the use of information communication technologies, the independence between individual units that can be spatially dislocated, the structure is often non-hierarchical and the only thing that is certain is that all units act in accordance with the same goal. Such organizations have the structure of networks or neurons - they are all interconnected with everyone. Physical distance here practically does not exist because of the development of Internet and multimedia conferences that facilitate business and reduce the time needed for work and labor costs. In order for a company to be successful, besides selecting the best form of organizing business processes, it has to be known how to use business information, both internally and externally. Company has to be aware that the implementation of new technological developments directly affects the ability to use large amounts of information. For this reason, modern companies are continually reorganizing their business in line with technology development. Information and communication technologies enable the creation of the infrastructure needed to manage business knowledge and which is a precondition for the creation of the learning organization. It enables employee’s knowledge to circulate more easily through the organization, to upgrade his knowledge and to deliver positive business results.Keeping that in mind, the changes in the world economy and its impact on business and management in the whole world, any scientific dealing with these topics and the essential consideration of the causes and consequences of the same and their trends and trends that are still expected in our everyday life and business is of great importance for all managers and future managers who, through good information and understanding of modern processes, will be able to make regular, efficient and effective decisions on daily basis, successfully manage people and achieve their goals.
This paper begins with discovering the high degree of association between corporate soft power and enterprise competitiveness,and the joint efforts of the two to construct the enterprise ability through dissecting the connotation and the elements of the corporate soft power.The paper also argues that the private enterprises affect different stake holders through shouldering social responsibilities.And furthermore they can get the value identification of the stake holders,which facilitates the formation of corporate soft power.The operation of some private enterprises(through the positive and negative classical case study)are sound proofs of the argument that corporation that has the awareness of social responsibility helps with the enhancement of its corporate soft power.The findings show that there is a transmittable relationship between taking social responsibility and developing corporate soft power.
China's WTO Entry will bring both opportunity and challenge to Chinese finance. To meet the new situation, Chinese finance must find a new way of development: relax the restrictions of financial annex, cancel the system of decentralized management progressively, give energetic support to developing and improving financial medium stups, improve the circulate funds guarantee system of medium and small enterprises, encourage new financial ideas, enhance the profit ability of banks.