The development of technology is radically transforming all spheres of human life, including finance. As a result, new institutions are emerging, and existing ones are being modernized. Economic relations are increasingly shifting into the digital space, leading to transformation of traditional financial instruments. Money is losing its material forms and regulatory properties, giving way in the economy to alternative instruments. The sanctions imposed against Russia in recent years have significantly affected the country’s economic and financial systems. One of the most notable consequences has been the accelerated development of the cryptocurrency market. The paper addresses the issues of legalizing mining and cryptocurrency exchanges in Russia. The study is dedicated to examining the legal regime governing the circulation of cryptocurrencies, determining the place of digital currencies within the legal system of Russia and abroad, and identifying the risks associated with their circulation. The author analyzes the peculiarities of mining, the legal aspects of issuance and circulation of digital currencies, as well as the legal foundations for their use in international settlements. Attention is drawn to the limitations of legal regulation concerning relations in this sphere. The paper evaluates the current state and development prospects of the cryptocurrency sector in Russia and explores the role of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Central Bank of Russia in regulating this activity.
In today's global landscape marked by environmental degradation and limited resources, the pursuit of sustainable development has evolved as a critical necessity. Leveraging digital technologies represents a promising pathway to attain this goal by potentially decoupling economic growth from its environmental impact. Nonetheless, it is paramount to ensure that the design and governance of these technologies align closely with environmental priorities. This paper delves into the exploration of how blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) can play pivotal roles in increasing supply chain coordination and mitigating environmental impacts. These technologies also have the potential to incentivize recycling, promote circular business models, facilitate carbon accounting, and support offsetting initiatives. To fully harness these benefits, it is imperative to implement these technologies within inclusive collaborative frameworks that consider social and ecological factors.
In modern conditions, when parity international financial and monetary relations are turning from traditional instruments of economic interaction into instruments of neocolonial political pressure and blackmail of economically strong countries against weaker ones, the need for a new global financial order and monetary standard, that would be independent of the will of any central bank, but with a value as reliable as that of modern fiat currencies, is increasingly realized. Today, the global economy feels the urgent need for fundamentally new opportunities for market interaction and monetary exchange. Cryptocurrencies have become such tools — electronic decentralized money issued by specific individuals in specialized open computer networks through the transformation of electricity into fixed computer codes. The process of such transformation is called mining, which uses ASIC miners as computer equipment to obtain cryptocurrency. The concept of cryptocurrencies and the specifics of investing in them are considered. The characteristic is presented of the current state and dynamics of the development of the crypto market. The possibilities and methods of forecasting the development of the cryptocurrency market are shown both using classical methods of economic forecasting and a fundamentally new methodology based on the current assessment of the psychological state of participants in the crypto market and their readiness to commit certain economic actions. An assessment is given of the possibilities of investing in mining as a technology for mining cryptocurrencies. Requirements to special mining equipment — ASIC miners — are described. An assessment is given of the prospects for the development of the crypto economy.
V.E. Ponamorenko, Г. А. Насырова, Gaukhar Kodasheva, T.V. Schyukina · 5 authors
the activity of the scientific school: "Strategic management of rental rela tions" is considered. It carries out scientific research in the field of theory and methodology of rent assessment as superprofits, etc. a brief overview of the main scientific, educational, creative results and publications is pro vided. Interaction with other scientific schools, including on security issues, is also important.
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Economic and Technological Developments in Russia
Economic, Social, and Public Health Issues in Russia and Globally
Abstract The article states the objectives of geotechnical monitoring in an open cast mine and discusses the main measurement methods. Distributed ledger technology (DLT) is recommended for monitoring and sharing data on the condition of the mine slopes between private and public organizations. Private DLT implementation is chosen because confidential corporate data is shared. A conceptual model for communication among the Mining Company, the responsible institutions and regulatory authorities has been suggested. It has been established that there is a possibility of leakage of personal data according to the GDPR.
Digitalization of the petrochemical complex is focused on the use and creation of end-to-end technologies, such as distributed ledger systems, advanced manufacturing technologies, industrial Internet, Internet of Things, and big data. These technologies are now sufficiently advanced to integrate with the main production processes of petrochemical enterprises for the digital transformation of operations and the provision of "smart" supply chains, as well as the development and implementation of new business models. Smart manufacturing is a new paradigm that provides speed and flexibility through the introduction of digital innovations that create a circular economy model, facilitating the use of solutions such as digital platforms, smart devices, and artificial intelligence that contribute to resource optimization. The article deals with the issues of personnel support for petrochemical enterprises that contribute to improving production efficiency in the digital economy. Integrating human resource management into the strategic planning process allows you to create and develop the necessary skills and competencies to achieve effective results, opportunities and competitive advantages. The introduction of more efficient and faster production systems and innovative technologies allows you to reduce production processes, accelerate the entry of new products and services to the market, as well as the associated delivery times, reduce production stages and increase the ability to differentiate products.
A new tool for achieving a sustainable business climate in mining is DLT communication and blockchain data recording. The introduction of DLT will help increase confidence among participants mining executives, employees, regulators and suppliers. The factors that interdict the implementation of DLT are classified. Each of them has been analyzed and models for data exchange among roles have been proposed for illustration. The example is for measurement of the energy consumed and the material mined for an open pit. A scheme for the introduction of correction in case of measurement unaccuracy has been developed.
Purpose and objectives: analysis of legal regulation of cryptocurrency mining in the Russian Federation and abroad, identification of problems and gaps in this area and development of proposals aimed at their resolution. Scientific significance: the article reveals the current state and established doctrinal approaches to the legal regulation of cryptocurrency mining in Russia. For the first time, the necessity of strengthening and developing state regulation of mining is substantiated. The main attention in the article is paid to the system of legal regulation of the process of creating cryptocurrencies in the territory of the Russian Federation, taking into account the law of the Eurasian Economic Union. Methods: a dialectical approach to the cognition of social phenomena, allowing them to be analyzed in their historical development and functioning in the context of a set of objective and subjective factors, which determined the choice of the following research methods: formal logical, comparative legal, sociological, which allowed the author to ensure the reliability and validity of the conclusions. Key findings: The legal vacuum in the regulation of mining acts as a serious inhibiting factor at the current stage of its improvement and often itself becomes an offense. At the same time, cryptocurrency mining is one of the new types of entrepreneurial activity, in connection with which in the near future it is necessary to introduce state regulation of cryptocurrency mining in the Russian Federation, for which it is necessary: to develop a law regulating the organization and implementation of the production of cryptocurrencies using cryptographic algorithms; to supplement the classifier of the main type of carried out economic activity with a new type of activity — mining; to create a unified electronic register of crypto farms operating on the territory of the Russian Federation; supplement the existing legislation of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union with the norms regulating the import of mining equipment. Thus, the important results of the study are: the development of the problems posed, which for a long time remained outside the attention of specialists, as well as the significant novelty of the factual material introduced into circulation.
Bulat Kubekov, Л. А. Бобров, Анар Утегенова, Vitaly Naumenko · 5 authors
The article presents the results of research related to the use of ontological and design competence approaches for the development of knowledge components and their subsequent use for designing individual trajectories of engineering education. The methodology of engineering education is considered, which, together with the initiative CDIO, the project-competence model and the knowledge display in the form of ontology, can be used as the main tool for modelling the propositional presentation of thought. Within the framework of the ontological approach, a knowledge specification language has been developed, which allows modelling the ontologies of supporting concepts of the semantic context of educational resources and specifying them in the form of knowledge expressions. The introduced formalisms and rules of the language of knowledge specification give the expressions of knowledge the properties of adaptability, extensibility, easement of processing and maintenance, which is important in designing engineering education level programs. This technique was tested on the material of the famous monograph by Hassan Goma “UML. Designing real-time systems, parallel and distributed applications" for the project "Banking system of client-server type" and is used on classes. Expressions of knowledge, together with their interfaces, are knowledge components from which individual learning trajectories are constructed.
The national experience of institutional support for the study and use of subsoil are defined. The subjects of interaction in the sphere of geological mining use are defined, the mechanism of interaction is shown. The institutional provision of the study and use of subsoil is divided into three blocks of influence: institutions of general competence, inter-sectoral institutions of special competence and sectoral institutions of special competence. The role of the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine in the system of institutional support of geological study and use of subsoil is determined. The structure of the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine was systematized and the basic functions and directions of activity are defined. It is revealed that state financing of development of mineral base of Ukraine takes place through the system of enterprises and organizations belonging to the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine. The structure and features of geological services in Germany, Poland and Australia were investigated. In the course of this analysis, a number of typical and a number of distinctive functions were identified for the geological services of the above mentioned countries. The State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine does not provide a number of key and progressive functions in the field of geological study and use of subsoil, such as: monitoring the state of the market of mineral resources, popularization of the mineral raw materials complex and enhancement of the investment attractiveness of the mineral base of Ukraine. It is concluded that for the introduction of foreign experience, changes should be made to the structure of the State Service of Geology and Mineral Resources of Ukraine. The study of the functional experience and the role of geological services in Australia and Germany testify to the effectiveness of regional geological services in the development of mineral base of these countries. Since the decentralization process in Ukraine has not been completed, experience in providing broad powers to local government bodies, a mineral base cannot be easy implemented.
The article deals with the financial aspects of the implementation of programs to ensure the energy security of the regions of the Far North of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The decentralized model of energy supply in the medium and long term, production of gas from deposits of Yakutia and the completion of main gas pipelines, which is fundamental to the sustainable growth of the economy of remote communities and to improve social and environmental conditions. Energy security means economic security of the Russian Federation on the external and internal factors and rational use of energy resources in the economic and environmental feasibility and prospects for sustainable socio-economic development. Economic efficiency is shown in the article replace the imported fuel to gas, and the dynamics of the share of the federal budget, budget, credit institutions and investment companies in the funding of projects. Focus also on the socio-economic factors that reduce the overall impact of the program on gasification of the region the financing of projects. Also focuses on socio-economic factors that reduce the overall effect of the programs on the gasification of the region. In the context of the importance of autonomous power systems requires effective public policies that encourage the use of alternative energy sources.
The Geological and Prospecting Units pursue a diversified economy and involve many subsidiary business units. This leads to decentralized finance accounting and unorganized financial management with other problems. In view of these problems the author considers that a concentrated financial account should be implemented in the Geological and Prospecting Units. Financial management rights must be concentrated in the Geological and Prospecting Units, but this does not mean that the Geological and Prospecting Units can interfere with the management of the subsidiary business units. The paper discusses the content and role of a concentrated financial account and the difficulties in implementing it in the Geological and Prospecting Units and puts forward four proposals for improving the concentrated financial account.