The growth in the number of satellites and the wide expansion of application areas, driven by continuous progress in Satellite Remote Sensing Data technology, have led to an increasingly obvious trend toward commercialization and marketization. However, as Satellite Remote Sensing Data is an important data asset, it requires higher standards of data security and privacy protection. The traditional centralized data storage and management approach has the risk of a single point of failure, which can easily lead to data tampering and loss, while the lack of a reliable trust mechanism between multi-organizational data parties limits data integration and transactions. Against this background, this paper develops an innovative on-chain-off-chain data distributed storage and transaction system based on blockchain technology, aiming to address the many challenges faced in the area of Satellite Remote Sensing Data. Firstly, by adopting the distributed ledger technology of blockchain, this system ensures the security and integrity of data assets. The decentralized nature of the blockchain allows data to no longer be stored centrally in a single entity, thus avoiding the single-pointof-failure problem of traditional storage methods. Each transaction is recorded on the blockchain, forming an untamperable chain structure, effectively preventing data tampering and loss, and enhancing the overall security of data assets. Secondly, the system in this paper introduces smart contracts in the data transaction behavior, which realizes the automation of data transaction records on the chain through the automated execution of smart contracts. When a data transaction occurs, the smart contract is triggered to execute, and the transaction data can be encrypted and uploaded to the chain, thus safeguarding the privacy information of both parties to the transaction. This mechanism not only improves the security of data but also strengthens the transparency and credibility of the data transaction process. Finally, to achieve secure and complete data transmission, the system in this paper establishes a point-topoint data transmission channel through the off-chain. The construction of this off-chain channel further strengthens the comprehensive performance of the whole system and provides a more reliable solution for data management in the area of Satellite Remote Sensing Data. The system in this paper has been run in practice, with the number of uplinked blocks about 100,000 and the number of transactions at $\mathbf{2 0 0, 0 0 0}$, and the system function test and performance test have been completed, fully verifying the security and traceability of data. Through the introduction of blockchain technology, the field of air satellite Remote Sensing Data not only ushers in a more secure and efficient solution in data management but also provides an idea for future researchers of systems in the area of Satellite Remote Sensing Data.
In order to solve the problem that the existing zero-watermark technology relies on the third-party IPR management organization, this paper proposes a new zero- watermark algorithm based on blockchain. The algorithm considers the multi-band characteristics of remote sensing image. It uses K-L transform, NSCT transform, SVD and other technical means to obtain the robust zero-watermark image of remote sensing image. The zero-watermark is stored on the blockchain by a zero-watermark registration system based on IPFS and Hyperledger Fabric. The experimental results show that the algorithm based on blockchain proposed in this paper realizes the lossless protection of data copyright. Moreover, this paper proves that blockchain can replace third-party IPR management organization.
Advanced Image Fusion Techniques
Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques
Pengxiang Zhao, Jesus Rodrigo Cedeno Jimenez, Maria Antonia Brovelli, Ali Mansourian
Abstract. In recent years, geospatial big data has been generated at a very high speed, and the data volume is becoming increasingly massive. In order to realize the full potential of geospatial big data, there has been a strong requirement and push to embrace the value of open science. However, it is still challenging to preserve the privacy and integrity of geospatial data in data sharing and management. Blockchain as d distributed ledger technology has a series of good characteristics, such as decentralization, trust-free, transparency, tamper-free, consensus and security, etc. These characteristics of blockchain are beneficial for facilitating geospatial data sharing and management, and hence promoting the development of open GIS. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review on the literature that involves how blockchain technology is applied to geospatial data, especially in geospatial data privacy and integrity preservation. First, the background knowledge on geospatial data privacy and blockchain technology are introduced. Then, we reviewed how blockchain technology is applied to geospatial data, followed by the conclusion of the topic. This review is beneficial for understanding how blockchain technology can be applied to geospatial domain by integrating geospatial technologies like GIS and remote sensing.
High-Definition (HD) map service requires more frequent update and much larger data volume than traditional map services, so that it is very difficult to handle HD map update by existing offline data collection such as survey fleets, and centralized cloud-based map services. To solve this problem, vehicle crowd-sourcing and edge computing infrastructure are proposed to timely capture the change of the physical world and distributedly process the huge amount of raw data close to the vehicles. In such a decentralized environment, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), such as blockchain, is very promising to meet some of the important requirements of data integrity and traceability of map update, but it is challenging to meet the requirement of frequent map update and scale to a large-scale system. In this work, we propose a salable HD map update management system by leveraging multiple blockchain networks in parallel and dynamically assign the generated map update to the corresponding blockchains according to the location and update frequency requirements. To verify the proposed system, we prototyped it based on the Hyperledger Fabric, an open-source implementation of consortium blockchain, and tested it in the lab environment.
Marek Košuda, Pavol Lipovský, Wenjiang Yang, Mingliang Bai · 6 authors
A rise in usage of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in commercial and civilian applications as a result of the recent advancement in manufacturing processes, communications, and networking technology led to the demand for access to non-segregated airspace. The steady development of UAS has created a dynamic environment moving at faster pace than manned aviation. In particular, there is an intense pressure on operations in very low altitudes where market is driven by new business models. Commercial UAS operators are expected to monitor weather, changes in airspace structure, avoid buildings and temporary obstacles, consider potential risks arising from the ground, and maintain separation from manned aviation. On the other hand, authorities are expected to monitor, and control unmanned aerial traffic as well as enforce the airspace rules. To address this arising requirements unmanned traffic management is being developed and deployed in numerous countries, which aims to enable safe and efficient operations of highly automated UAS in automated unmanned traffic management (UTM) system developed on foundations of modern technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet-of-Things, 5G networks while considering the need to address cybersecurity requirements. Among cybersecurity requirements a potential candidate with promising applications is blockchain technology, which is a distributed ledger of immutable records stored in a decentralized database. This paper discusses potential applications of blockchain technology that could support UAS operations and increase security in storing crucial flight data.