As immersive technology becomes more streamlined and accessible to larger audiences, it is imperative for advertisers and businesses to understand and engage in new spaces where prospective consumers are gathered. The introduction of the metaverse, a virtual hub of experiences, commerce, and impressions, for consumers through revolutionary peripherals such as virtual and augmented reality represents a shift in how online users and brands are positioned within the digital space. This thesis analyses the industry space and how brands, researchers, and consumers are utilizing revolutionary technologies to reconceptualize the idea of commerce, interactivity, and self-expression. This report and research have largely been conducted by interviewing industry experts across the globe and attending Web3 conferences, including DCentral 2022 in Miami, Florida, and serves as a detailed guide for marketers and brands to the utility of the metaverse found in the decentralized layout, incorporation of digital assets and product authenticity, as well as the increased opportunities found in innovative marketing research and development.
Zainab S. Attarbashi, Akram M. Zeki, ME Haque, Md Hossen
ينمو إنفاق المسلمين على المنتجات الحلال بنسبة 6.3% سنويا، حيث وصل إلى 2 تريليون دولار هذا العام 2024. ويأتي توريد المنتجات الحلال من أجزاء مختلفة من العالم من مورّدين مسلمين وغير مسلمين. وقد أدى ذلك إلى زيادة قلق المستهلكين المسلمين بشأن مصداقية الادعاءات الحلال بسبب عدم القدرة على تتبع المنتجات عبر سلسلة التوريد. ومع ذلك، لا يمكن لنماذج سلسلة التوريد الحالية تتبع هذه المنتجات الغذائية طوال سلسلة التوريد من المزرعة وطوال عملية النقل. يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحقيق هدفين رئيسيين: الأول هو تقييم وعي المستهلكين بتطبيقات تقنية سلاسل الكتل (blockchain) في صناعة المنتجات الحلال، والثاني هو تطوير نموذج لامركزي لتتبع المنتجات الحلال باستخدام تقنية سلاسل الكتل لتمكين التسجيل الشفاف وغير القابل للتلاعب بالبيانات المتعلقة بالمنتجات الحلال، بما في ذلك معلومات المنشأ والجودة والتعامل والمعالجة. سيؤدي ذلك إلى تحسين شفافية سلسلة التوريد، وتعزيز كفاءة حفظ السجلات، وتعزيز سلامة الأغذية وضمان الجودة، وتمكين التتبع الشامل، وبناء ثقة المستهلك. يتضمن تطوير نموذج سلسلة التوريد الحلال استخدام العقود الذكية وتقنيات التشفير وتحليلات البيانات. تم استخدام منصة تطوير Ethereum 2.0 blockchain وWeb3.js بشكل تفاعلي لتنفيذ نموذج أولي للنظام. تظهر نتائج اختبار النظام المطبق قابلية توسع ملحوظة، وإدارة الأحمال المرتفعة دون التضحية بالكفاءة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أظهرت إجراءات الاختبار مدى التزام النظام بالمبادئ التوجيهية والمعايير المحددة مسبقًا، مما يعزز الثقة في الجودة العامة للنظام.
This thesis explores the development of governance frameworks to facilitate fractional ownership of real estate assets using blockchain technology. Addressing inefficiencies in traditional property management, such as bureaucracy and lack of transparency, highlights the potential of distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) to enhance liquidity, streamline decision making, and democratize property investment. The legal, technical, and operational challenges, the thesis shows that tokenization, regulatory alignment, and further innovation will enable more efficient, transparent, and equitable management of real estate assets. It also evaluates blockchain compatibility for governance needs, compliance with EU regulations, and the implications of varying ownership structures.
Elkhan G. Azimov, Vladimir A. Zhiltsov, V.M. Filippova
Since 2020, the term “metaverse” has been spontaneously used in both scientific and media discourse, particularly in relation to multiplayer virtual worlds and the new generation of the Internet Web3. These resources spontaneously form artificial language environments, which are sometimes used within the communicative approach to foreign language teaching. However, there is no common definition of the metaverse in the scientific literature. The aim of this study is to analyze the linguodidactic potential of virtual language environments in metaverses for communicative teaching of Russian as a foreign language. This study examines the features of metaverses in the context of virtual learning and the broader scientific discourse dedicated to modern approaches to computer-assisted linguodidactics. The research employed a comprehensive set of methods, including scientific observation, critical analysis of literature, study and synthesis of foreign language learning experiences using v-learning technologies as described by foreign scientists, and terminological analysis. The study resulted in an analysis of the linguodidactic potential based on the most current scientific works on the topic. A set of identified features led to an updated understanding of the metaverse as a technology in education. The findings suggest that virtual language environments in metaverses have high linguodidactic potential for communicative teaching of Russian. Virtual language environments in metaverses possess several properties inherent to real ones, which enhances students’ motivation and deep engagement in the learning process. This prospectively justifies the expansion of these technologies in distance learning of Russian as a foreign language.
Open access
Foreign Language Teaching Methods
Innovations in Education and Learning Technologies
Md Jobair Hossain Faruk, Pratusha Raya, K. Siam, Jerry Cheng · 7 authors
The Internet has opened the floor to stakeholders by redefining the way of organizing, communicating, and collaborating that was initiated by the Web’s development. The advancement of the World Wide Web is an outright phenomenon and significant and we witnessed the evolution of the Web. As decentralized technologies continue to gain traction, Web3, or the decentralized internet, has emerged as a promising approach to enable a more secure, transparent, and privacy-preserved digital landscape. In this paper, we thoroughly conduct a systematic study to explore the challenges and opportunities encountered by blockchain developers in the context of decentralized applications (dApps) in Web3. We analyze a set of peer-reviewed research articles, whitepapers, and technical reports and present an in-depth understanding of the current state of Web3 development and its implications. Our finding indicates the opportunities that Web3 can facilitate, such as expanded use cases, enhanced security and privacy, decentralized infrastructure, and the potential for enabling inclusive development resources for blockchain developers. Additionally, we highlight various challenges that blockchain developers deal with including scalability, security, privacy, interoperability, and the need for standardized tools and frameworks along with various challenges in the software development lifecycle (SDLC). While there are significant challenges to overcome, the potential benefits of Web3 are substantial and could lead to a more inclusive, secure, and transparent digital ecosystem. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of continued research, collaboration, and innovation among stakeholders to address the identified challenges and capitalize on Web3’s opportunities.
S Mohanan Pillai, Darshan Lahamage, Shreya Gurav, Dayanand Ambawade
India, the world’s largest democracy, faces significant challenges in conducting free and fair elections due to the prevalence of vote tampering, booth capturing, and rigging. To address and solve these challenges, a blockchain-based e-voting system will be developed that is secure, transparent, and accessible to all eligible voters in India. The decentralized nature of blockchain, combined with the transparency and security of smart contracts written in Solidity, will ensure that the voting process is tamper-proof and transparent. The system will be developed and tested on Ethereum testnet, and the complexity of existing systems will be simplified into a simple smartphone application that can be accessed by all eligible voters in India. The system will remove dependency on crypto wallets like Meta-mask, the backend api’s are developed using node.js, express.js and web3.js. SHA-3 will be used for hashing and encryption purposes. The frontend will be developed using React Native, ensuring a user-friendly and accessible interface. The successful implementation of this blockchain-based e-voting system could revolutionize the democratic process in India, making it more accessible, secure, and transparent, and setting an example for other countries to follow.
Nos últimos anos, tem-se assistido a um interesse crescente numa Web cada vez mais descentralizada - a Web3. Apesar de existirem diferentes perspectivas em torno do propósito da descentralização como o uso da blockchain ou o controlo total de dados por parte dos utilizadores, continua a persistir uma lacuna na indústria de jogos relativamente à relação assimétrica em termos da presença online e estratégias de monetização entre estúdios de jogos duplo-A ou triplo-A e desenvolvedores indie ou solo. A Blockbastards é uma empresa que oferece uma plataforma que disponibiliza diferentes jogos digitais numa lógica Play-to-earn com a inclusão de assets interoperáveis - Interoperable Game Assets - IGA. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo compreender como é que a interoperabilidade de assets como Nonfungible tokens -NFTs pode afetar a experiência de jogo. Para isso, dois desenvolvedores de videojogos foram entrevistados relativamente a Web3 gaming e interoperabilidade e 28 participantes experimentaram a criação de Non-fungible tokens -NFTs na plataforma QUDO - NFT Garage tendo reportado a experiência através do preenchimento do Game Experience Questionnaire - GEQ no que concerne o módulo principal, presença social, e momento pós-jogo, bem como as caractecterísticas do NFT como a autenticidade, raridade, valor e interoperabilidade. As entrevistas indicam que apesar de existirem desafios como a má reputação dos NFTs, restrições por parte de certos países e a viabilidade e balanceamento da transação de assets em diferentes jogos, a interoperabilidade de conteúdo gerado pelo utilizador, nomeadamente game modding e a troca de tokens por moeda que permitem dinamizar a procura dos consumidores por diferentes tipos de jogos, são aspectos a reforçar. A avaliação dos IGA no NFT Garage revelou que a maior parte dos participantes valoriza a capacidade de personalização do asset, nomeadamente a sua aparência, salientando o seu valor único e reutilização em vários jogos. Porém, ainda não existe muita familiaridade com o conceito de NFT nem intenção de obtenção de NFTs por parte dos participantes. Este estudo contribui com um conjunto de implicações do desenvolvimento de Web3 Gaming para a experiência de jogo.
Neha Dhirendra Sirur, Uma M Hiremath, Srajana Naik, Vats Mishra
The widespread issue of counterfeit products in India's food supply chain poses significant threats to product quality, food safety, and consumer trust. The study proposes a robust solution by combining blockchain technology with Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to enhance security, transparency, and traceability in the food industry. By integrating a web-based verification tool with the Ethereum blockchain, the system establishes a tamper-proof, decentralized ledger that meticulously tracks the origin of products. A comprehensive web application is developed to facilitate product authentication through QR code technology. Key stakeholders, including the central government (CG), state governments (SG), and district-level Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs), utilize this platform to verify product authenticity at every stage of the supply chain, ensuring high data integrity and transparency. The system enables the central government, state governments, and APMCs to interact with the blockchain by adding their respective transaction blocks without modifying others' blocks. Contracts for each of these entities are developed and implemented, with Ganache utilized for local testing on a private network. The user interface, designed using React, leverages Web3.js to facilitate interactions with the Ethereum blockchain, MetaMask serves as the wallet for accessing the blockchain, with Ganache accounts imported for seamless integration. The CG logs in to generate a Quick Response(QR) code for each product and enters relevant product information. The SG scans the QR code to verify the product's authenticity and ensure it meets standards. The district APMC conducts the final verification, checking that the product's supply chain history aligns with its physical location. Blockchain technology improves counterfeit detection by providing a secure and transparent record of product provenance.
The rapid growth of memecoins within the Web3 ecosystem, driven by platforms like Pump.fun, has made it easier for anyone to create tokens. However, this democratization has also led to an explosion of low-quality or bot-generated projects, often motivated by short-term financial gain. This overwhelming influx of speculative tokens creates a challenge in distinguishing viable memecoins from those that are unlikely to succeed. To address this issue, we introduce CoinVibe, a comprehensive multimodal dataset designed to evaluate the viability of memecoins. CoinVibe integrates textual descriptions, visual content (logos), and community data (user comments, timestamps, and number of likes) to provide a holistic view of a memecoin's potential. In addition, we present CoinCLIP, a novel framework that leverages the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP) model, augmented with lightweight modules and community data integration, to improve classification accuracy. By combining visual and textual representations with community insights, CoinCLIP provides a robust, data-driven approach to filter out low-quality or bot-driven projects. This research aims to help creators and investors identify high-potential memecoins, while also offering valuable insights into the factors that contribute to their long-term success. The code and dataset are publicly available at https://github.com/hwlongCUHK/CoinCLIP.git.
The Web3 ecosystem is increasingly evolving to multi-chain, with decentralized applications (dApps) distributing across different blockchains, which drives the need for cross-chain bridges for blockchain interoperability. However, it further opens new attack surfaces, and media outlets have reported serious attacks related to cross-chain bridges. Nevertheless, few prior research studies have studied cross-chain bridges and their related transactions, especially from a security perspective. To fill the void, this paper presents the first comprehensive analysis of cross-chain transactions. We first make efforts to create by far the largest cross-chain transaction dataset based on semantic analysis of popular cross-chain bridges, covering 13 decentralized bridges and 7 representative blockchains, with over 80 million transactions in total. Based on this comprehensive dataset, we present the landscape of cross-chain transactions from angles including token usage, user profile and the purposes of transactions, etc. We further observe that cross-chain bridges can be abused for malicious/aggressive purposes, thus we design an automated detector and deploy it in the wild to flag misbehaviors from millions of cross-chain transactions. We have identified hundreds of abnormal transactions related to exploits and arbitrages, etc. Our research underscores the prevalence of cross-chain ecosystems, unveils their characteristics, and proposes an effective detector for pinpointing security threats.
Deo Shao, Martha Shaka, Fredrick Ishengoma, George Bennett · 6 authors
Once mined, gold passes through various stakeholders (from miners to consumers), often erasing origin signatures, resulting in an illegal gold chain. Tracing the origin and all custodians of a given gold bar ensures that fraud, illegal practices, and gold mined by criminal gangs or in conflict zones are avoided. Recently, blockchain technology has been considered the best solution for tracking gold bars in the gold supply chain because blockchain-based ledgers make it easier for all stakeholders to track gold, guarantee its provenance, and make it more difficult for malicious parties to forge receipts. Through a design science research approach, this study conceptualised and simulated a proof-of-concept prototype called GoldNet. GoldNet was simulated in a Ganache – a local blockchain platform used to deploy smart contracts in a bid to make them immutable and trustworthy. The implementation used Solidity, ReactJS, and Web3JS Software Development Kit. The study contributes to the theory and practice of the gold industry by applying design knowledge obtained through an iterative design process and serving as an edifice for integrating emerging digital technologies, particularly blockchain, in the mining sector.
Huijiong Yang, Bin Xie, Jianhuan Wang, Guyue Li · 5 authors
Decentralized identity (DID) is pivotal to Web3 applications as it empowers users to manage their identities and credentials without relying on any central authority. Multi-controller is a new and indispensable scenario outlined by the W3C DID standards, while its privacy and security issues have not yet been fully explored. In this paper, we find two new attacks caused by multiple controllers toward DID management, and propose a privacy-preserving and secure identity management scheme to defend against both attacks. The first proposed controller-correlation attack allows an attacker to infer relationships between different subjects by correlating the public keys uploaded by multiple controllers to the blockchain. To avoid this kind of privacy leakage, we propose a masking scheme based on the Merkle tree, which allows the controllers to prove their ownership over the multi-controller identities without publicizing the plaintext of their public keys. The other identity impersonation attack exploits insecure controller revocation caused by high block synchronization latency. To resist this attack, we propose a lightweight authentication scheme. The holders provide digest freshness proof while the verifiers only need to download block headers. To evaluate the feasibility of our proposed scheme, we implement our system on the Sepolia TestNet. The experimental result demonstrates that our system can prevent these attacks with acceptable gas consumption and time consumption, compared with the state-of-the-art.
Shenoy Phalgun, M. Durga, Amit Dua, Gagangeet Singh Aujla · 5 authors
Different types of cryptocurrencies have surged rapidly in recent years, with recent trends in tokenization and memecoin. This growth highlights the cryptocurrency market’s rapid expansion, especially in token creation at decentralized exchanges (DEXs). At the same time, the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) and Web3 presents significant challenges, including sustained user engagement in AI-driven applications while maintaining utility and scalability. Existing game theory-based methods often increase centralization and hence introduce security vulnerabilities. This hinders widespread adoption. To overcome these challenges, we propose Slinky Web3AI, a framework that integrates blockchain technology with AI to address these challenges. Slinky Web3AI supports long-term ecosystem development through a decentralized token creation mechanism and privacy-preserving incentive structures. Our proposed architecture demonstrates improved security, scalability, and efficiency, validated by experimental results. Slinky Web3AI provides a foundational framework for future AI and blockchain applications for future smart communities.
Tomer Jordi Chaffer, Justin Goldston, Gemach D. A. T. A. I
Cooperation is vital to our survival and progress. Evolutionary game theory offers a lens to understand the structures and incentives that enable cooperation to be a successful strategy. As artificial intelligence agents become integral to human systems, the dynamics of cooperation take on unprecedented significance. The convergence of human-agent teaming, contract theory, and decentralized frameworks like Web3, grounded in transparency, accountability, and trust, offers a foundation for fostering cooperation by establishing enforceable rules and incentives for humans and AI agents. We conceptualize Incentivized Symbiosis as a social contract between humans and AI, inspired by Web3 principles and encoded in blockchain technology, to define and enforce rules, incentives, and consequences for both parties. By exploring this paradigm, we aim to catalyze new research at the intersection of systems thinking in AI, Web3, and society, fostering innovative pathways for cooperative human-agent coevolution.
This paper aims to explore the key elements of transformative leadership skills of women servants to accelerate and impact activities related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Content analysis and qualitative interviews with case research on applying the latest technology with distributed trust networks to provide traceability in science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM), and sports event management in Hong Kong for primary and secondary school students were conducted in April–July 2024. The attributes of transformative leadership of women servants with innovative ways to track students’ sports competition are seldom studied for improving the quality services of sports and STEM service providers in the post-COVID-19 periods. According to the results, it is expected to have an ongoing study on innovative and sustainable ways of applying transformative leadership of women servant leadership with non-fungible tokens (NFT) and blockchain application in SDGs via strengthening the partnership of academia, researchers, business, and industry with SDGs and NFT community projects for sustainable development (SD).
Memecoins, driven by social media engagement and cultural narratives, have rapidly grown within the Web3 ecosystem. Unlike traditional cryptocurrencies, they are shaped by humor, memes, and community sentiment. This paper introduces the Coin-Meme dataset, an open-source collection of visual, textual, community, and financial data from the Pump.fun platform on the Solana blockchain. We also propose a multimodal framework to analyze memecoins, uncovering patterns in cultural themes, community interaction, and financial behavior. Through clustering, sentiment analysis, and word cloud visualizations, we identify distinct thematic groups centered on humor, animals, and political satire. Additionally, we provide financial insights by analyzing metrics such as Market Entry Time and Market Capitalization, offering a comprehensive view of memecoins as both cultural artifacts and financial instruments within Web3. The Coin-Meme dataset is publicly available at https://github.com/hwlongCUHK/Coin-Meme.git.
Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, Oscar Barroso Huertas
Dr. Oscar Barroso Huertas, a distinguished figure in the field of strategic marketing and business consulting, was born on November 15, 1972. Holding dual nationality (Spanish and American), he has built a formidable career that spans across continents and industries. Dr. Barroso is married and resides in Madrid, Spain, where he continues to make significant contributions to his field.Early Life and EducationDr. Barroso’s academic journey is as illustrious as his professional career. He completed his Bachelor of Arts in Information Sciences, majoring in Advertising and Public Relations, from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, graduating with a final grade of 98 in 1997. His quest for knowledge led him to pursue further studies, earning a PhD in Communication Technologies from Universidad CEU San Pablo in 2006, where he graduated Summa Cum Laude by unanimous decision. He holds an MBA from Universidad Antonio de Nebrija (2006), a Master in Digital & Interactive Arts from the School of Fine Arts in Ireland (2005), and a Certificate in Global Business Strategy from the University of San Diego (2016). Dr. Barroso also holds a Doctorate in Management from the University of Phoenix (2021) and a Post-Doctoral Degree in Marketing Intelligence from the University of British Columbia (2020).Professional CareerDr. Barroso’s professional journey began as an Art Director at EGE Design & Production in Madrid, where he worked from 1996 to 1997. He then joined McCann-Erickson as an Art Director, contributing to campaigns for notable clients like Salvation Army and J&B. His strategic acumen was further honed during his tenure as a Strategist Planner at InterPublic IPG Group in Madrid.In 1997, Dr. Barroso joined Iriem AdWorkshop as the Executive Creative Director, where he led numerous successful campaigns until 2009. His ability to drive profitability and manage creative teams was evident in his work for clients such as Grupo Delaviuda, Pepsi, and Coca-Cola.From 2009 to 2016, Dr. Barroso served as the Marketing Director for DDB Marketing Consulting in San Diego, CA, and Tijuana, BC. His leadership helped the firm achieve an average profitability growth of 61.4%, managing a diverse portfolio including Walmart, BMW Tijuana, and Smart&Final.In 2016, he founded BCB Marketing Intelligence, where he currently serves as Senior Strategist Advisor. The firm has seen remarkable success under his guidance, achieving an average profitability growth of 163%. His clients span various sectors, including tech, energy, sports, fashion, and healthcare.Nowadays he is working as Head of Business Management Grades and Sports Management MBA in UAX, Madrid.Academic ContributionsDr. Barroso’s passion for education has led him to significant roles in academia. Since September 2023, he has been the Academic Coordinator of the Sports Management MBA at UAX-Rafa Nadal School of Sport in Madrid. He also directs the Leadership in Digital Transformation Program at H2H Transformational Institute in San Diego.He has held various academic positions at CETYS Universidad, including Director of the Institute of High Direction and Academic Coordinator of the MBA program. His teaching areas include strategic marketing, business intelligence, and customer experience.Dr. Barroso has also been a professor at National University in San Diego, teaching e-commerce and strategic marketing. His research interests focus on Marketing IQ, Metaverse & Web3 Marketing, and Sports Strategic Marketing.Consulting and Advisory RolesDr. Barroso’s expertise is sought after by numerous organizations. He has served as an external consultant for Enerser Group, Meta Platforms Inc., Samsung Mexico, and GST Safety Textiles, among others. His projects have involved market research, business intelligence, and strategic planning, significantly impacting clients' operational efficiencies and market positions.Awards and RecognitionsDr. Barroso’s excellence in marketing and advertising has been recognized with several prestigious awards. He has won Gold Lions at the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity for his work with Dior and Suita Sweetener. Other accolades include the Gold Efi at the Marketing Communication Effectiveness Awards for campaigns with International Red Cross and Martini, and a Golden Sol at the Ibero-American Advertising Festival for MTV.His academic excellence has also been recognized, earning the Higher Education Marketer of the Year Award from the American Marketing Association Foundation in 2019.PublicationsDr. Barroso is a prolific author with several specialized books and novels to his name. His works include "Emprendeverse: Emprendiendo en el Metaverso y la Web3" (2024), "Brand Cook Book: Marcas que se cocinan con Cariño, Buen Gusto y Armonía" (2024), and "Neurojumping: NeuroMarketing in Action" (2017). He has also written novels like "El Libro Perdido de las Guerras de Dios" (2016) and "La Carta de Piedra" (2006).
In the digital age, a reliable document verification process is crucial, especially for vital records like Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in hospitals. The prevalence of document forgery in the digital landscape challenges the authenticity of such credentials. Blockchain technology offers a decentralized and cryptographically verifiable ledger, serving as a unified platform for secure document storage, sharing, and retrieval. This paper introduces “Doc Chain,” a system leveraging blockchain on the Web3.storage platform to simplify EMR verification. By comparing document hashes on the blockchain, it simultaneously verifies patient identity and document authenticity. This innovative approach directly associates documents with individual patients, enhancing security and traceability.
The Police Complaint Management System (PCMS) is a decentralized application template designed to modernize the processes of lodging, tracking, and resolving complaints within law enforcement systems. Leveraging the Next.js framework, Web3 technologies, and blockchain integration, the system ensures tamper-proof complaint records, real-time updates, and enhanced transparency for citizens and authorities. By utilizing Wagmi and Ethers.js for seamless wallet connections, IPFS for decentralized evidence storage, and a user-friendly interface styled with Tailwind CSS, the PCMS provides a scalable, efficient, and accessible platform. With automated processes for complaint categorization and routing, as well as immutable blockchain records, the system fosters greater accountability and trust in public services. Built with TypeScript for reliability and enhanced with modular tools for rapid deployment, the PCMS exemplifies a modern, citizen-centric approach to grievance management, ensuring data security and operational efficiency in law enforcement agencies
This paper examines the role of hardware security as the basis for order in the decentralised metaverse. It does this by considering the infrastructural tools and governance practices at the heart of KONG Land, an example of a blockchain-based decentralised autonomous organisation (DAO) and decentralised physical infrastructure network (DePIN) project. KONG Land manufactures open-source microchips to create verifiable hardware that anyone can use or integrate into their own application. KONG Land’s focus on the materiality of infrastructure led them to pursue a governance model as a digital-physical, politically decentralised polity. By foregrounding the physicality and affordances of decentralised efforts to manufacture microchips, this paper shows how rematerialising digital domains leads back to questions of statehood and its purpose and provides an explanation for emerging sovereignties. Building on Olson’s (1993. Dictatorship, democracy, and development. American Political Science Review , 87 (3), 567–576) theory of the stationary bandit, the paper positions projects like KONG Land as an attempt to create a ‘better bandit’ – one that sets out to provide its citizens with a superior level of security than that offered by either nation states or the corporate metaverse, with the intention of creating the conditions for Web3 production and expansion.
Rasmita Kumari Mohanty, Talluri Aruna Sri, V. Manjula, Gopisetty Rathnamma
This chapter introduces a Web3 crowdfunding platform with blockchain integration, enabling decentralized fundraising campaigns and offering an intuitive user experience. The platform includes MetaMask for wallet interface, Solidity for creating and deploying smart contracts, and efficient Ethereum transaction network connectivity. The platform uses the transparency, security, and decentralization of blockchain to transform conventional fundraising. With a user-friendly layout and dynamic user interface, users can establish and take part in fundraising campaigns that are driven by smart contracts. Users may securely link their wallets, manage funds, and sign transactions using the platform's seamless integration of the well-known Ethereum wallet extension MetaMask. To manage wallets, the platform also interfaces with MetaMask, enabling a speedy and secure exchange of Ethereum. Solidity-written smart contracts enforce campaign-specific rules and streamline the contribution-handling process.
The UpOn platform leverages cutting-edge modular smart contract architecture to redefine Real World Asset (RWA) management by creating a legally compliant, decentralized ecosystem for virtual office investment, launching, and rental. Built with a focus on transparency, security, and compliance, UpOn allows users to seamlessly participate in real estate investment through Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) that represent virtual office spaces. By integrating law firms for legal oversight, UpOn ensures that all transactions align with global legal standards, providing users and investors with trust and security. The platform comprises four main components-Invest, Launch, Rent and Legal-each of which serves a unique function within the ecosystem. The Invest section enables investors to fund new office projects through NFT minting, while Launch allows owners of established offices to tokenize their assets. In the Rent section, users can securely lease office NFTs with contract-backed agreements tailored to local regulations, and the dashboard provides realtime data retrieval from smart contracts, ensuring a transparent user experience. Finally, the Legal component, backed by law firms, safeguards user rights and enforces compliance in all jurisdictions. With its modular design and elimination of centralized databases, UpOn showcases the full potential of Web3 by simplifying the traditional complexities of RWA projects, lowering costs, and offering unprecedented accessibility to global markets.
Kilian Schmück, Magnus Schückes, Tobias Gutmann, Oliver Gassmann
Business model literature, while insightful, primarily focuses on the Internet and Web 2.0 contexts. The emergence of pioneering digital technologies, especially the Web3 anchored by blockchain, necessitates reevaluating business model paradigms, particularly those of platform business models within related ecosystems. This study delves into blockchain's unique affordances, investigating how they mold novel Web3 business model patterns and integrate into specific platform ecosystems. We scrutinize the characteristics, trajectories, and synergies of value creation and capture. Using a mixed-methods approach involving 171 interviews and a subsequent sample of 126 Web3 ventures, we delineate a taxonomy of Web3 business model dimensions, clustering emergent decentralized platform ecosystems into pertinent archetypes. Our theoretical model delineates how blockchain affordances influence these configurations, emphasizing the dynamic between a platform's nucleus and its fringes. We highlight Web3 platform design choices leaning towards data sovereignty, emphasizing how the degree of blockchain integration within platform governance—leading to information symmetry and platform disintermediation—transitions digital trust to what we term as digital truth . • Blockchain-based platforms enable new decentralized governance structures in platform ecosystems. • Two distinct Decentralized platform archetypes are identified: Federated and Web3 platform ecosystems. • Platform-inherent token is crucial for incentivization and coordination schemes in fully decentralized platform ecosystems. • Blockchain affordances offer innovative pathways for overcoming B2B platform challenges. • Our study provides managerial insights for designing blockchain-based platform strategies.