Nghia Duong‐Trung, Xuan Son, Tan Tai, Phuong Ngoc Nam · 8 authors
To date, cash on delivery (COD) is one of the most popular payment methods in developing countries thanks to the blossom of customer-to-customer e-commerce. With the widespread of a very small business model and the Internet, online shopping has become part of people’s daily activity. People browse for desirable products at the comfort of their homes and ask the online vendor that a shipper can deliver the merchandise at their doorstep. Then, COD allows customers to pay in cash when the product is delivered to their desired location. Since customers receive goods before making a payment, COD is, therefore, considered as a payment system. However, the crucial issue that previous research has not yet addressed is that their models only support single delivering session at a time. More precisely, if the current buyer is not available to receive the goods, the shipper has to wastefully wait for the complete payment and he/she cannot start shipping another merchandise. The tracking system seems to poorly handle this issue. In particular, we propose a multi-session mechanism, which consists of blockchain technology, smart contracts and hyperledger fabric platform to achieve distributed and transparent across delivering sessions in the decentralized markets. Our proposed mechanism ensure the efficiency of delivering process. The authors release our sources codes for further reproducibility and development. We conclude that the integration of multi-session mechanism and blockchain technology will cause significant efficiency across several disciplines.
Sotirios Varelas, Panagiotis Georgitseas, Florin Nechita, Alexandros G. Sahinidis
Over the last years blockchain technology continuously evolving. Blockchain is known as the technology behind Bitcoin, but beyond its use in the transactions improvement has also change the way in which data and information are used. Blockchain due to its characteristics of transparency, security and decentralization expanding to more and more fields of the industry. This study aims to present the blockchain technology and in a more detailed look the ways in which this technology benefits the tourism enterprises through its potential uses.
The rapid growth of Financial Technology (FinTech) has transformed traditional financial services through innovative business models and advanced digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, Big Data Analytics, Cloud Computing, IoT, and APIs. These technologies have enabled secure, efficient, transparent, and personalized financial services, including digital banking, real-time payments, peer-to-peer lending, robo-advisory, decentralized finance (DeFi), and embedded finance. This study explores innovative FinTech models shaping the future of financial services, including Open Banking, Banking-as-a-Service (BaaS), Platform Banking, DeFi, RegTech, and InsurTech. Through a comprehensive literature review, it develops a conceptual framework that integrates technological innovation, regulatory compliance, digital transformation, customer experience, and financial sustainability. The findings reveal that FinTech innovations improve transaction efficiency, reduce costs, enhance customer satisfaction, and expand financial inclusion. AI and blockchain technologies further strengthen transparency, fraud detection, and decision-making. However, challenges such as cybersecurity risks, data privacy concerns, regulatory uncertainty, and interoperability issues continue to hinder broader adoption. The study concludes that collaborative digital ecosystems powered by emerging technologies will play a critical role in creating secure, sustainable, and inclusive financial services in the future.
Samer Shorman, Mohammad Allaymoun, Omer Awad Hag Hamid
concept that is applicable to trade transaction and services providing, using information technology. This is known as e-commerce thatis a means of communicating informationproducts or services through technical tools. This research proposed model is able to take advantage of Blockchain technology to develop e-commerce especially consumer toconsumer. The proposed model adds some advantages to ecommerce operations, and the possibility of developing them to reach a high percentage of profits by using blockchain technology which led to verify the information of products offered for sale. In addition, to the possibility of distributing feedback to all Blockchain users, through which it develops the mechanism of trust and cooperation between consumers, it is considered a reference point to explore the behaviour of commercial consumers which is stored in the data file of consumers. This model facilitates business processes between consumer andconsumer, eliminates the central role of large business companies in controlling and setting restrictions, and to the development and expansion of this type of trade.
Falilat O. Jimoh, Usman Gambo Abdullahi, Isa Ali Ibrahim
Journal of Anthropology and Archaeology is a peer-reviewed international journal, which publishes original papers promoting theoretical, methodological and empirical developments in the discipline of socio-cultural anthropology.
Ethereum smart contracts are paving their way into the future of commerce and high stakes are placed upon the correct implementation of their specifications. However, in the history of Ethereum, several vulnerabilities have been exploited which compromised the trust and effectiveness of smart contracts. Errors in executable specification languages are especially challenging to detect using a static approach. Therefore, a dynamic runtime monitoring approach is often preferred. The proposed approach, Vultron, a generalised solution which is not limited in its capabilities, can proactively detect vulnerabilities during runtime, and pre-emptively alter the function execution. \n \nFor Vultron, we look at inserting operations into smart contracts to manipulate the gas instrumentation of Ethereum such that additional debugging instructions can be executed without affecting the gas consumption. This is achieved through modifying both the Solidity compiler and Ethereum Virtual Machine. The source code of the compiler and virtual machine are open-sourced and can be viewed on GitHub. \n \nThe modifications to the compiler and virtual machine illustrate the feasibility of adding custom gas manipulating operations and serve as fundamental building blocks of a fully developed and automated runtime monitoring approach. Given the limitations of static solutions and the advantages of a runtime monitoring approach, we highly recommend adopting Vultron in advancing towards secure smart contracts.
Pablo G. Bringas, Iker Pastor-López, Giuseppe Psaila
The most popular virtual currency (bitcoin) has become so popular because it relies on the concept of Distributed Ledger, realized by means of a technology known as BlockChain. This technology removes the need for third parties (such as authorities) that authorize transactions; in fact, it is a peer-to-peer network where consensus to transactions is given by peers. Furthermore, the distributed nature of BlockChain ensures a high-level of robustness to attacks. However, since its birth (a decade ago) many evolutions have been introduced: now, we distinguish between permissionless and permissioned BlockChains, the concept of smart contract is now supported, and various platforms are available. The contribution of this paper is to provide novices with the current trends, in particular by discussing the adoption of BlockChain technology in financial services.
This paper provides the first evidence of a moral hazard in signaling in an entrepreneurial finance context, by examining token offerings or Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). Entrepreneurs' ability to signal quality is crucial to succeeding in the competition for growth capital. However, the absence of institutions that verify endogenous signals may induce a moral hazard in signaling. Consistent with this hypothesis, artificial linguistic intelligence indicates that token issuers systematically exaggerate information disclosed in whitepapers. Exaggerating entrepreneurs raise more funds in less time, suggesting that investors do not see through this practice initially. Eventually, the crowd learns about the exaggeration bias through trading with other investors. The resulting investor disappointment causes the cryptocurrency to depreciate and the probability of platform failure to increase.
Block-chain is a decentralized ledger account which performs transactions between the signed entities and the entities are signed using smart contract which uses the digital signatures of the involved parties to bind them to the contract.In today’s time it has gained a lot of popularity and has become a hot topic in all the industries which uses ICT. Same is the case with supply chain industry which has found a sea of opportunities to optimize the process after the introduction of Block-chain. Initially the technology was introduced to regulate the transaction of digital currencies but eventually the experts in the supply chain industry have started to explore the benefits which they can derive from the use of Block-chain.Till date, researchers have found some of the uses of Block-chain which can help to optimize the whole process like tracking, cost-reduction, auditing, trust establishment, less lead times and resolving disputes.In today’s supply chain environment where the entities involved in the process are geographically distributed, it has become beneficial for the entities to use the technology.
This paper explores blockchain technology's potential implications for banks. This study is based on qualitative-based interviews with three professional bankers in different European banks that are dealing with the challenges of blockchain. The results indicate that blockchain technology is both a threat to and an opportunity for banks, providing support to the argument that blockchain is a disruptive technology that will create new opportunities for banks and new risks to their business. Nonetheless, the current lack of regulation and some technical limitations of the technology mean that blockchain is an opportunity for rather than a risk to banks. Blockchain technology may vastly improve banking processes' efficiency and therefore the products and services banks offer customers, particularly in areas such as lending, payments and capital markets.
Blockchain has been around for over a decade, however, the technology does not seem to have been adopted after a long time being in existence. The goal of this thesis was to get to study what are the barriers of the blockchain adoption. Furthermore, the thesis also indicated one use case that seems to stand out from the rest, smart contract, by implementing one specific example for demonstration purpose. \n The thesis went through an in-depth concept of blockchain technology, studied the most well-known use cases being, including cryptocurrency, initial coin offering and smart contract and figured out their limitations particularly and blockchain’s generally. Finally, one example of Ethereum smart contract was implemented to indicate how this particular use case could fit what is needed nowadays. \n As a result, the studies showed that blockchain is promising and can be applied through developing decentralized applications by smart contracts but the use cases must be chosen very carefully due to the problems of privacy and data protection. Otherwise, the main obstacle for the adoption is the lack of serious regulations, resulting the lack of trust, therefore, as long as blockchain-related businesses are not clearly regulated, the mass adoption is probably still far away since no one gets fully protected in the game, neither the companies nor the customers.
Jan 1, 2019·Proceedings of the ... Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences/Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
Pascal Mehrwald, Theresa Treffers, Maximilian Titze, Isabell M. Welpe
Combining blockchain technology and smart contracts has the potential to facilitate disintermediation and realize true peer-to-peer transactions provided that sufficient trust is build. An advanced research model of blockchain-mediated trust is conceptualized by incorporating extant trust building concepts. The conceptualized model helps to advance future empirical trust research in connection with blockchain technology in the sharing economy by suggesting moderating and mediating effects on trust in online settings.
Rainer Schmidt, Michael Möhring, Barbara Keller, Fabian B. Fuchs · 6 authors
Smart contracts are highly relevant due to their support for new decentralized business models and processes. We empirically investigate the benefit of implementing smart contracts. Our approach measures the benefit by capturing the impact of implementing smart contracts on processes directly. Thus, our research supersedes previous research that uses deductive approaches for deriving beneficial effects from technical and architectural properties of smart contracts and blockchains. We conduct a systematic approach using the aspects cost, quality, time and flexibility, and their impact on the four process phases interest, agreement, fulfillment, and assessment. Our research enables decision-makers to make decisions on implementing smart contracts more precisely. Furthermore, decision-makers become able to develop more target-oriented initiatives.
A vast digital eco-system of entrepreneurship and exchange has sprung up with Bitcoin’s digital infrastructure at its core. We explore the worldwide spread of infrastructure necessary to maintain and grow Bitcoin as a system (Bitcoin nodes) and infrastructure enabling the use of bitcoins for everyday economic transactions (Bitcoin merchants). Specifically, we investigate the role of legal, criminal, financial and social determinants of the adoption of Bitcoin infrastructure. We offer some support for the view that the adoption of cryptocurrency infrastructure is driven by perceived failings of traditional financial systems, in that the spread of Bitcoin infrastructure is associated with low trust in banks and the financial system among inhabitants of a region, and with the occurrence of country-level inflation crises. On the other hand, our findings also suggest that active support for Bitcoin is higher in locations with well-developed banking services. Finally, we find support for the view that bitcoin adoption is also partly driven by cryptocurrencies’ usefulness in engaging in illicit trade.