The public sector presents several promising applications for blockchain technology. Global organizations and innovative ministries in countries such as Dubai, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, and Germany have recognized these potentials and have initiated projects to evaluate the adoption of blockchain technology. As these projects can have a far-reaching impact on crucial government services and processes, they should involve a particularly thorough evaluation. In this paper, we provide insights into the development of a framework to support such an evaluation for the German asylum process. We built this framework evolutionarily together with the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees. Its final version consists of three levels and eighteen categories of evaluation criteria across the technical, functional and legal domains and allows specifying use-case specific key performance indicators or knockout criteria.
Jia Bainga Kangbai, P. Rohini Bai, Sulaiman Mandoh, Abu Bakarr Fofanah · 8 authors
Objective: In the absence of any approved therapeutics and vaccines to treat or prevent Ebola infection, managing Ebola outbreak largely depends on early case detection and surveillance, real-time communication of surveillance data, and Ebola case management. Here we assessed the possibility of uploading data obtained by Internet of Internet device that monitors cellphone company’s Call Data Records (CDR), national demographic census, national transportation system and Ebola vaccine production databases on a Blockchain platform to conduct real-time Ebola contact tracing, transmission pattern surveillance and vaccine delivery. Results: Mobility data obtained by Internet of Things (IoT) from CDR from cellphone companies, national transportation system, and census demographic data can be integrated into a Blockchain platform to provide real-time Ebola surveillance and contact-tracing. While cellphone data provides a unique opportunity to quantify human mobility, Blockchain system magnifies such opportunity by making the data accessible to many actors in real-time. By mounting data from CDR, national population census, national transport system and Ebola vaccine production database on a Blockchain platform will provide additional lens in our understanding of the role played by human population dynamics in the spread as well and containment of Ebola during outbreaks
The development of Energy-Internet is currently suffering from a series of issues, such as the conflicts among high capital requirement, low-cost, high efficiency, the spreading gap between capital demand and supply, as well as the lagged trading & valuation mechanism, any of which would hinder Energy-Internet's evolution. However, with the development of Blockchain and big-data technology, it is possible to work out solutions for these issues. Based on current situation of Energy-Internet and its requirements for future progress, this paper demonstrates the validity of employing blockchain technology to solve the problems encountered by Energy-Internet during its development. It proposes applying the blockchain and big-data technologies to pricing and trading energy products through Energy-Internet and to accomplish cyber-based energy or power's transformation from physic products to financial assets.
Abid Sultan, Muhammad Sheraz Arshad Malik, Azhar Mushtaq
Since the beginning of crypto currency in 2008, blockchain technology rise as progressive technology. Despite the fact that blockchain began off as a core technology of Bitcoin, its utilization cases are growing to numerous fields such as, security of Internet of Things (IoT), banking sector, industries and medical etc. In recent years IoT has gained popularity due to its usage in smart homes and smart city projects around the world. Unfortunately, IoT devices possess limited computing power, low storage capability and network capacity therefore they are more prone to attacks than other endpoint devices such as cell phones, tablets, or PCs. This paper focus on significant security issues for IoT, security prerequisites for IoT alongside the current attacks and maps IoT security issues against existing solutions found in the literature. Blockchain technology can be a key empowering influence to take care of numerous IoT security issues. Finally describe the future work directions.
In 2018, someone hiding behind the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto created Bitcoin, the first decentralized cryptocurrency operating without a central bank or authority. However, the true revolution seems to be its underlying technology; blockchain. Today, a lot of discussion is taking place around the legal issues of this nascent technology. This paper focuses on blockchain and the law. After exploring blockchain’s basic features, it will propose an international regulatory framework suitable for this technology’s characteristics and its borderless nature.
The convergence of the physical and virtual worlds radically challenges our legal, economic and other institutional regimes. In contrast, property rights and transaction cost regimes are still largely based on the pre-digital era. The blockchain architecture seems to offer a way for one Internet user to safely and securely transfer a unique piece of digital property to another in such a way that anyone knows that the transfer has taken place and no one can challenge the legitimacy of the transfer. Subsequently, transaction costs could diminish and property rights be unbundled and partially enforced on an unprecedented granular level. This paper explores the implications of blockchain technology for our established property rights and transaction cost regimes. It aims to discuss whether the established regimes and theories will prevail or will need to adapt to the advent of blockchain technology.
Blockchain is a new, foundational technology with a vast amount of application possibilities. However, practitioners might not be aware of which use cases in their own business model might benefit from blockchain technology. To aid them in analyzing their business regarding blockchain suitability, this paper introduces a use case identification framework for blockchain and a use case canvas. In the development process they have been evaluated with internal and external reviews in order to offer the best possible guidance. In combination they offer an analysis framework to help practitioners decide which use cases they should take into account for blockchain technology, which characteristics these blockchain implementations would have, and which specific advantages they would offer.
I consider a developer working on an open-source blockchain-based software that can be used only in conjunction with a specific crypto-token. This token can be sold in an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) to raise funds, but can also be sold later on a frictionless financial market to earn a profit. I show that, if the developer raises funds in an ICO, in each post-ICO period there is a positive probability that the developer sells all of his tokens on the market and, as a consequence, no development occurs. If the developer does not need to raise funds via an ICO, the equilibrium will nonetheless be inefficient because the developer's payoff depends on the surplus generated by the protocol in a given period (when he expects to sell his tokens). He therefore fails to internalize that the protocol will be used (and generate surplus) over multiple periods.
One of the most tone-deaf suggestions in the Brexit proceedings so far came in August 2017, when the UK Brexit team released a long-awaited position paper setting out its proposal on how to manage its border with Ireland. It suggested that "technology-based solutions" - meaning blockchain, the technology behind cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin - could be implemented to "make it easier to comply with customs procedures." The UK's vague and misguided solution was quickly ridiculed by experts at home, as well as seasoned counterparts abroad. Although blockchain technology has now been around for ten years, it has not seen any meaningful implementation in global supply-chains, let alone within customs offices. Indeed, a "seamless and frictionless" border in compliance with fundamental customs procedures - itself a unicorn - cannot simply be coded into existence on its own. In reality, questions of capacity and time constraints mean that technological solutions are actually unworkable ...
We are now living in the significant era where technologies are advancing very quickly. Among the leading technologies, Internet of Things or IoT in short is standing at the peak of inflated expectation in the Gartner Hype Cycle [1]. The application of IoT has evolved from home appliances in the smart home environment such as smart tv, smart refrigerator, smart door and has grown into smart building, smart city, smart healthcare, smart industry. We could imagine that everything could go online to cut cost, add value to businesses and increase users convenience. The prediction has been made [2] that there will be 50 Billion IoT devices by 2020.