Blockchain Papers

Adele Caldarelli, Luca Ferri, Gianluca Ginesti, Rosanna Spanò

No abstract is available for this record.

Rony Medaglia, Jan Damsgaard

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals have gained strong traction in the renewed global discourse on sustainability, and attribute a key role to digital technologies. Blockchain technology is now transitioning beyond the realm of cryptocurrencies applications, to embrace a wider array of applications, including the sustainability of supply chains and traceability of responsibly sourced goods. Despite the rise in the global agenda, and emerging research in other academic fields, Information Systems (IS) research on blockchain and sustainability is still scarce.<br/>Based on a review of empirical studies, we use the perspective of the 17 United Nations SDGs to map research on blockchain and sustainable development, and lay the ground for a research agenda in the IS field. Based on this agenda, we showcase the exploration of some of the proposed research questions in an ongoing research project on the use of blockchain in the lifestyle and design industry in Denmark.

Hyeji Jang, Sung H. Han, Ju Hwan Kim

Emerging technologies have played an important role in driving major changes in human society. However, the advent of most technologies is typically initially accompanied by confusion; this is often because technology developers overlook the user perspective. This study was conducted to systematically determine the fundamental causes of problems that users encounter when they interact with blockchain technology, one of the promising emerging technologies today, and to suggest relevant design strategies. To this end, usability evaluation was conducted for the KDEX decentralized exchange application. To ensure the effective identification of the significant usability problems, heuristic evaluation with four experts and usability testing with 23 experimental participants were carried out. The results obtained show that more user-centered design is necessary to enable the widespread use of decentralized applications. Based on the experimental findings, actionable design strategies that facilitate the effective utilization of emerging technologies are suggested. The proposed strategies are expected to enable users to easily understand and navigate applications based on these technologies.

Ashutosh Sheel, Vishnu Nath

Supply chain involves a lot of transactions among the stakeholders. Blockchain technology will make a revolutionary change the way how transactions are being carried out. Blockchain removes all the disadvantages which are related to trust among stakeholders and gives better visibility and transparency. The present study explores factors that affect blockchain technology adoption in the supply chain. The current study is based on the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) with trust model. Data was collected from 363 supply chain practitioners from India. The results of the present study indicate that behavioural intentions are positively and significantly influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, price value, and trust. The study also lists out various aspects for future research regarding the implementation of blockchain in supply chain management.

Hyeji Jang, Sung H. Han, Ju Hwan Kim, Kimin Kown

No abstract is available for this record.

Fay Koster, Hans P. Borgman

Blockchain has been heralded as a technology that can transform entire sectors, including the public sector where blockchain applications are believed to bring a wide range of benefits. The public sector is lagging behind, however, in its actual adoption of blockchain technology, and our understanding of the factors that explain the slow adoption rate, is lacking. Based on seven case studies of blockchain projects at various adoption stages, this research contributes to our understanding of what factors influence blockchain adoption in the public sector. We use an extended TOE framework that includes an inter-organizational perspective. The findings show that adoption is influenced by the hype around—and resistance to—blockchain technology; by top management support, by (perceptions of) the regulatory environment; as well as by trust between blockchain partners, which is both an antecedent as well as a consequence of blockchain adoption.

Leonardus Evandito Paschalie, Adhi Setyo Santoso

This research aims to create a better understanding of cryptocurrency adoption. The research framework is adapted from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with additional constructs: social commerce, hedonic motivations, and utilitarian motivation. A quantitative research method was chosen for this study. A total of 54 respondents are collected using a snowball non-probability sampling method. The results show that Hedonic motivation and utilitarian motivation that represent subscription-based online services prove to have an impact on perceived usefulness. However, perceived usefulness fails to impact behavioral intention to use. Social commerce representing social interaction in the model has proven that it impacts behavioral intention to use with the mediation of perceived trust.

Zaina Kawasmi, E. A. Gyasi, Deneise Dadd

Blockchain has become the new hype term in the business world for the last decade. Due to the new technology’s characteristics and innovative applications, it is being adopted globally in a wide number of industries including the banking industry, yet no adoption model is provided to guide this process. This research aims to contribute to facilitating the successful adoption and implementation of the blockchain new technology in the banking industry. Building on the assumption that the blockchain’s adoption in banking will be directed by the regulations and best practices guidelines of the global banking regulatory bodies and practitioner, this research asks: What is the blockchain adoption model for the banking industry? The currently available official documents of the regulatory bodies, practitioners, and research bodies were collected, text mined and analysed, based on the adoption factors identified in the literature review and investigating the adoption factors’ importance. This research was able to find three categories of adoption factors: supporting, hindering and circumstantial, identify a new adoption factor and establish the factors’ importance. As a result, an adoption model for blockchain technology in the banking industry from an institutional perspective is proposed. Based on this, it is recommended to carry further research on applying the proposed model at banks adopting the new technology to study its fitness.

Abubakar Mohammed, Vidyasagar Potdar, Li Yang

No abstract is available for this record.

Georgios Kapnissis, Eleni-Ekaterini Leligou, Georgios K. Vaggelas

In the shipping industry, significant part of the documents exchange still have the traditional paper form, mainly due to security concerns, despite the size and modernization efforts of this market. We explore the adoption of the blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies to address document exchange in a fast and secure way.

Debika Sihi

No abstract is available for this record.

Mehdi Daryaei, Javad Jassbi, Reza Radfar, Abbas Khamseh

No abstract is available for this record.

Omar Alqaryouti, Nur Siyam, Zainab Alkashri, Khaled Shaalan

No abstract is available for this record.

Osama Sohaib, Walayat Hussain, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Ahmad · 5 authors

The majority of previous research on new technology acceptance has been conducted with single-step Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based methods. The primary purpose of the study is to enhance the new technology acceptance based research with the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method to enable more precise and in-depth research results as compared to the single-step SEM method. This study measures the relation between technology readiness dimension (optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, insecurity) and the technology acceptance (perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness) - and the intention to use cryptocurrency, such as bitcoin. The contribution of this study include the use of a multi-analytical approach by combining Partial Least Squares- Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) analysis. First, PLS-SEM was applied to assess which factor has significant influence toward intention to use cryptocurrency. Second, an ANN was employed to rank the relative influence of the significant predictor variables attained from the PLS-SEM. The findings of the two-step PLS-SEM and ANN approach confirm that the use of ANN further verifies the results obtained by the PLS-SEM analysis. Also, ANN is capable of modelling complex linear and non-linear relationships with high predictive accuracy compared to SEM methods. Also, an Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) of the PLS-SEM results provides a more specific understanding of each factor's importance-performance.

Ajay Kumar Shrestha, Julita Vassileva

Blockchain technology has evolved as a promising means to transform data\nmanagement models in many domains including healthcare, agricultural research,\ntourism domains etc. In the research community, a usable blockchain-based\nsystem can allow users to create a proof of ownership and provenance of the\nresearch work, share research data without losing control and ownership of it,\nprovide incentives for sharing and give users full transparency and control\nover who access their data, when and for what purpose. The initial adoption of\nsuch blockchain-based systems is necessary for continued use of the services,\nbut their user acceptance behavioral model has not been well investigated in\nthe literature. In this paper, we take the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as\na foundation and extend the external constructs to uncover how the perceived\nease of use, perceived usability, quality of the system and perceived enjoyment\ninfluence the intention to use the blockchain-based system. We based our study\non user evaluation of a prototype of a blockchain-based research data sharing\nframework using a TAM validated questionnaire. Our results show that, overall,\nall the individual constructs of the behavior model significantly influence the\nintention to use the system while their collective effect is found to be\ninsignificant. The quality of the system and the perceived enjoyment have\nstronger influence on the perceived usefulness. However, the effect of\nperceived ease of use on the perceived usefulness is not supported. Finally, we\ndiscuss the implications of our findings.\n

Adjunct Professor, Hoseo Univ., 212-1103, 346-2, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Joon-Hee Kim

Blockchain technology is a scientific and technological project that countries around the world have been paying close attention to and researched and developed in recent years, and it is one of the most popular technologies in the world. Blockchain is a kind of bookkeeping technology that is jointly maintained by multiple parties, uses cryptography to ensure transmission and access security, can achieve consistent data storage, is difficult to tamper with, and prevents denial. It is also called distributed ledger technology and has distributed credibility. Technical characteristics such as not easy to be tampered with, and multi-party maintenance. The new infrastructure of chain network collaboration will use network identification as a key digital resource as a breakthrough point to promote the application and development of blockchain and realize the engine role of new infrastructure. Through the collaborative development of blockchain and the industrial Internet, the new infrastructure of chain network collaboration is committed to building a national-level distributed trusted application innovation carrier. Provide a unified identity authentication mechanism, object identification mechanism, and value exchange mechanism for digital applications to reduce the cost of using digital technology.

Andrea Gaggioli, Shayan Eskandari, Pietro Cipresso, Edoardo Lozza

Blockchain is widely regarded as a breakthrough innovation that may have a profound impact on the economy and society, of a magnitude comparable to the effects of the introduction of the Internet itself. In essence, a blockchain is a decentralized peer-to-peer network with no central authority figure, which adds information to the distributed database by collectively validating the accuracy of data. Since each node of the network participates in the review and confirmation of the new information before being accepted, the need for a trustworthy intermediary is eliminated. However, as trust plays an essential role in affecting decisions when transacting with one another, it is important to understand which implications the decentralized nature of blockchain may have on individuals' sense of trust. In this contribution, we argue that the adoption of blockchain is not only a technological, but foremostly a psychological challenge, which crucially depends on the possibility of creating a trust management approach that matches the underlying distributed communication system. We first describe the decentralization technologies and possibilities they hold for the near future. Next, we discuss the psycho-social implications of the introduction of decentralized processes of trust, examining some potential scenarios, and outline a research agenda.

Dong‐Her Shih, Kuan-Chu Lu, Yi‐Ting Shih, Po-Yuan Shih

Agriculture is indispensable for every country. Farmers use pesticides in large quantities to increase productivity, thus causing serious damage to the agro-ecological environment. If consumers consume a large number of such vegetables, there can be an adverse effect on their health. Therefore, consumers shift from consuming general vegetables to organic vegetables. However, the price of organic vegetables is higher than that of general vegetables, and there are doubts about the authenticity of the production and marketing process. Unfortunately, production and sales records are often falsified. The blockchain may be able to guarantee the authenticity of organic vegetables because the blockchain is tamperproof and transparent. Therefore, we proposed an exercise environment for the production and marketing of organic vegetables by using Ethereum. This proposed system can ensure the authenticity of the production and sales record, it may increase the sales of organic vegetables and solve the problem of agricultural ecological environment pollution in the real world.

Cai Xu-dong, Xi Zhao, Bin Zhang

Smart contract brings more versatile functions in blockchain technology. However, its adoption rate is not as high as expected. Currently, there is no thorough study addressing such problem. To fill such gap, we propose to use peer influence to explain smart contract adoption in blockchain user network. We explore whether and how multiple types of peer influence including direct pee influence and indirect peer influence, simultaneously affect individual adoption decisions of smart contracts. Our hypotheses are examined in the context of CryptoKitties adoption in the Ethereum network using the public dataset of Ethereum including 350 million transactions from over 20 million distinct accounts. Our results suggest that the adoption of the software is positively affected by direct peer influence and indirect peer influence. Moreover, we find that users who have higher social status in the blockchain network are less susceptible to peer influence. The results provide strong evidence of peer influence on smart contract adoption through various mechanisms.

Nishani Edirisinghe Vincent, Anne M. Wilkins

SUMMARY The novelty, ambiguity, and the lack of official guidance surrounding cryptocurrency transactions impose additional audit risks that should be considered during client acceptance and retention and planning audit procedures. We develop a four-quadrant model to assist auditors in client acceptance and continuance decisions and identify cryptocurrency risks that should be considered during audit planning and audit evidence gathering.

Kyeongsik Yoo, Kunwoo Bae, Eunil Park, Taeyong Yang

No abstract is available for this record.

Ebru Gökalp, Selin Çoban, Mert Onuralp Gökalp

Blockchain technology provides emerging solutions including decentralized management, security, privacy and robustness. In Supply Chain Management (SCM) applications, blockchain technology enable us to increase customer satisfaction, operational excellence, and to decrease operational costs and risks. Despite of these significant benefits, there are limited number of studies that combines SCM and blockchain in the literature. The main aim of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the adoption and acceptance of the blockchain based SCM in organizations. To this end, a comprehensive systematic literature review is conducted and a research model based on Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework is proposed. The proposed research model consists of factors of the relative advantage, complexity, interoperability/compatibility, standardization, trust and scalability in the context of technology; organization's IT resource, top management support, organization size and financial resources in the context of organization; competitive pressure, trading partner pressure, government policy and regulations and inter-organizational trust in the context of environment.

Jen-Yin Yeh, Ssu-Chi Liao, Yuting Wang, Yin-Jia Chen

From being associated with the financial services primarily, blockchain is now affecting other industries as well. Blockchain is attracting interest as a way to track and monitor food through the supply network, ensuring its origin. Consumers are increasingly demanding to know where their purchases come from and how they are made. In food industry, consumers can confirm the provenance of their purchases by blockchain. Despite some blockchain research on innovation adoption in fintech contexts, little is known about how consumers evaluate blockchain in food traceability and transparency. This study explores consumers' motivations to purchase food with blockchain code and takes the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTA UT2) as a reference and develops an extended model by considering perceived trust, since the capabilities of blockchain technology for food traceability and transparency. The results show that blockchain technology has the capability to build trust and affect purchase intention. Results also highlight purchase intention is significantly and positively influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and habit. The results further show that technographic can significantly enhance intention to the use of blockchain technology to trace food The research provides an insight to practitioners and researchers on how to increase intention towards blockchain.

Dimaz Maulana, Gunawan Wang

Bitcoin Exchange industry in Indonesia continues to grow, as evidenced by the emergence of new exchanges that offer competing features and facilities, to determine strategies for creating and increasing user loyalty. The study examines the factors that influence bitcoin exchange user loyalty by determining the essential factors that affect user satisfaction and user loyalty in the bitcoin exchange business. The factors used in this study are Image, Cost, Promotion, Security & Privacy, Reliability, Efficiency, Information, Communication and Value-Added Services. The results of this study are, based on the largest order of influence, Promotion, Cost, Image, and Security & Privacy have a direct influence on Satisfaction. Promotion, Cost, and Security & Privacy also have an indirect influence on Loyalty. Bitcoin Exchange Users Satisfaction has a very large effect on Loyalty of 76.7%.