Blockchain Papers

Zhibo Wang, Chuankai Li, Guoming Liu, Guoyun Zhong · 7 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Leanne Ngo, Tran Tien Nhat, anon anon, Triet Huynh Minh Le · 7 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Janice Author

No abstract is available for this record.

Tamila S. Tasueva, Mansur A. Mollaev

The trend toward digitalization and the implementation of ESG standards poses the challenge for Russian regions to rapidly restructure their governance. This paper demonstrates that integrating smart contracts into a region's transport and logistics system can significantly increase the flexibility of its institutional system. The authors explore the potential of blockchain algorithms for optimizing operating costs, ensuring the transparency of trade flows, and verifying non-financial reporting. A conceptual feedback loop is presented, demonstrating the intersection of digital technologies and regulatory mechanisms. The authors' contribution lies in their interpretation of smart contracts as flexible regulatory algorithms and their identification of the logistics industry as the primary vehicle for ESG principles at the meso-level. This material will be of interest to specialists in regional governance, institutional economics, and digital innovation.

Mohit Tiwari

This registration documents the creation, structure, and validation workflow of SARMF-Bench, a minimal reproducible benchmark dataset for smart contract vulnerability analysis. SARMF-Bench consists of five intentionally engineered Solidity contracts representing canonical vulnerability classes: Reentrancy, Arithmetic Overflow Behavior, Access Control Weakness, Unchecked External Call, and Denial-of-Service Pattern. Each contract is paired with machine-readable static analysis outputs generated using Slither v0.11.5. The objective of this dataset is to provide a controlled experimental baseline for evaluating static analyzers, symbolic execution engines, fuzzers, and AI-assisted smart contract security tools. All artifacts were created in a controlled Linux environment and validated for reproducibility through consistent detector metadata (impact and confidence levels). No synthetic mutation frameworks or automated vulnerability generators were used. This registration serves as a timestamped, immutable research record documenting dataset structure, methodology, and reproducibility protocol.

Arnita Sur

The cryptocurrency has represented a revolutionary force in the financial market, with a wide variety of available digital assets that can serve different technological and financial needs. Cryptocurrencies vary considerably. It, therefore, goes without saying that this paper should focus on the wide array of cryptocurrencies, grouping them according to their underlying technology, use cases, and functionalities. It refers to the major classification, including Bitcoin, the first digital currency designed primarily as a unit of store and medium of exchange; altcoins, including alternative cryptocurrencies like Ethereum and Ripple, that should introduce new features and functions such as smart contracts and fast processing of transactions; and tokens, which can be issued and managed on existing blockchain platforms and may range from utility in decentralized applications to representing assets. Such categories of analysis are intended to make it possible to distinguish between the roles and technological innovations connected with each type of cryptocurrency. This research adventure offers insight into how the digital currency landscape is emerging and will impact financial systems, investment strategies, and the regulatory approach. This research goes into a comprehensive review of current literature and case studies, engaged with all types of diverse functionalities and applications of cryptocurrencies, providing foundational understanding to stakeholders and policymakers entering this dynamic field. DOI - https://doi.org/10.65525/SVUP.9788199651548.2026.130-141

Tapasi Bhattacharjee, Amalendu Singha Mahapatra, Saptarshi Santra, Debojyoti Bose · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Ray Neiheiser, Eleftherios Kokoris-Kogias

No abstract is available for this record.

Sean Hash

No abstract is available for this record.

Xiaopeng Dai, Qianhong Wu, Mingming Wang, Bo Qin · 7 authors

Transaction propagation delay limits the block interval and is one of the main bottlenecks in improving Bitcoin throughput. However, transaction relay in Bitcoin is entirely voluntary, which results in low bandwidth and high transaction propagation delay. Improving relay motivation by introducing incentives can effectively reduce delay, but it still faces challenges such as Sybil attacks during reward allocation, leakage of network layer privacy, and high on-chain/off-chain overhead. Therefore, this paper proposes Txtail, a practical transaction relay incentive scheme for Bitcoin, based on continuously attaching relay evidence representing the relays’ identity and contribution during transaction propagation. We employ a free pricing mechanism based on the game between relays to allocate rewards fairly. We design an order-insensitive relay evidence structure based on aggregate signatures and public key mapping, which reduces off-chain data overhead while alleviating the leakage of relay paths by obfuscating the relay order. We construct a verifiable lottery mechanism based on Merkle tree commitments to reduce the data that needs to be uploaded to the chain. Both theoretical and experimental results show that Txtail reduces the per-hop off-chain overhead and the overall on-chain overhead by 96.6% and 79.8%, respectively, compared with state-of-the-art baselines, while remaining practical for deployment.

Layal Youssef, Juan Páez‐Farrell

No abstract is available for this record.

Mohd. Rahimie Abd. Karim, Saizal Pinjaman, Izaan Jamil, Azmi Abd. Majid · 5 authors

This study examines the weak-form efficiency and international price integration of Malaysia’s regulated Bitcoin market. Daily closing prices for Bitcoin traded in Malaysian ringgit (BTC/MYR), the international Bitcoin price in US dollars (BTC/USD), and the USD/MYR exchange rate are analysed over the 2021–2026 period using secondary market data. The international Bitcoin price is converted into ringgit to provide a currency-consistent benchmark for the local market. Random-walk behaviour is evaluated using the runs test, Ljung–Box test and variance-ratio test. Market integration is examined through unit-root tests, Engle–Granger cointegration analysis and an error-correction model. The daily results provide mixed evidence regarding weak-form efficiency. Although the runs test does not reject randomness in return signs, the Ljung–Box and variance-ratio results indicate dependence at selected horizons. This dependence becomes weaker in the weekly analysis, suggesting that the efficiency assessment is sensitive to data frequency. The local and international Bitcoin prices are cointegrated, with a long-run coefficient close to unity. The error-correction results further show that deviations from the long-run relationship are corrected over time and that international Bitcoin returns significantly influence short-run local price movements. Nevertheless, a small local price premium and residual volatility clustering remain. Overall, Malaysia’s Bitcoin market is closely integrated with the international market but is not perfectly efficient at all horizons. The findings support policies promoting transparent benchmark pricing, market surveillance, adequate liquidity and volatility-risk controls among Malaysian digital asset exchanges.

Murray Rudd

No abstract is available for this record.

Guo Chen

No abstract is available for this record.

Tolegen Korabayev

No abstract is available for this record.

Margi Desai, Yash Vasava

The rapid growth of IoT devices has increased security risks, particularly in firmware updates and device authentication. Traditional approaches are vulnerable to attacks such as unauthorised access and data breaches. This study proposes a blockchain-based framework using smart contracts and a proof-of-authority (PoA) consensus mechanism to ensure secure firmware verification and decentralised authentication. The system leverages distributed ledger technology to enhance integrity, trust, and scalability in IoT environments. Experimental results demonstrate reduced latency, improved throughput, and strong resistance to common cyber threats, making the framework suitable for large-scale IoT deployments.

Nadezhda Olegovna Sergeeva, Anastasia Albertovna Khairullina, T Dunaeva

The article explores the transformation of financial technologies under the influence of blockchain, focusing on changing the transparency of investment transactions. Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches to trust and empirical studies of the practices of using distributed ledgers in asset management, crowdfunding and syndicated lending, three key mechanisms for increasing transparency have been identified: cryptographic verification, smart contract automation of execution and role-based access differentiation. It is proved that blockchain transforms the institution of trust from interpersonal and institutional to algorithmic, reducing transaction costs, but creating new challenges in the field of privacy and regulatory regulation. It is shown that the introduction of distributed registry technologies leads to the emergence of “hybrid transparency” – a balance between public verifiability and maintaining the confidentiality of sensitive data.

Nagnath Savant

This chapter starts at the foundation—the problem blockchain is actually built to solve. Before any protocol detail makes sense, you need to understand why trust breaks down across a network of strangers, why decades of serious attempts at digital cash kept failing at the same point, and how Bitcoin’s combination of proof-of-work and a longest-chain rule finally closed the gap. The Byzantine Generals Problem is not a historical footnote here; it is the precise shape of the consensus challenge that every distributed ledger must answer. By the end of this chapter, you will have covered:

Svetlana M. Molchanova

This article explores the role of digital financial instruments in increasing the availability and sustainability of financing in the construction industry. These instruments are characterized as a set of innovative solutions and mechanisms based on the use of digital platforms, distributed ledgers, and smart contracts to optimize the processes of attracting, distributing, and monitoring financial resources in the investment and construction cycle. The study illustrates the impact of digital transformation on the financial availability of construction projects and the evolution of new forms of capital raising. It emphasizes that financial stability and availability of financing are key benchmarks that construction companies aim to achieve through the digitalization of financial processes. The final section summarizes the role of digital financial instruments in transforming the construction industry and ensuring sustainable economic growth.

Tianyu Zhang, Yupeng Ouyang, Yupeng Zhang

No abstract is available for this record.

Antonio Faonio, Luigi Russo

No abstract is available for this record.

W. Wang, Charalampos Papamanthou, Shravan Srinivasan, Dimitrios Papadopoulos

No abstract is available for this record.

Liang ZHU, Xuetao Zhang, Xiangxue Li

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) cloud platform enables multi-dimensional sharing of vehicle data, enhancing both its value and the quality of vehicle services. To ensure dynamic authorized access control and safeguard user privacy in the IoV cloud platform, an attribute-based encryption (ABE) scheme is employed. However, existing state-of-the-art schemes still struggle to simultaneously address the following challenges: 1) the limitation of single-application scenarios due to the difficulty of achieving cross-primitive ciphertext transformation; 2) the risk of user privacy leakage caused by the inability to fully hide access policies; 3) the potential for malicious accusations against the delegator due to a lack of verifiability. To tackle these issues, we propose PPVTAC, a Privacy-Preserving, Verifiable, and Transformable Access Control scheme for cloud-assisted IoV. Specifically, we leverage a hybrid proxy re-encryption technique to transform ABE ciphertext into identity-based encryption (IBE) ciphertext, making it more suitable for collaborative scenarios. A cuckoo filter is introduced to achieve fully hidden policies, thereby protecting user privacy. Additionally, we incorporate non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs (NIZKPs) to ensure verifiability, guaranteeing the correctness of transformed ciphertexts while preventing malicious accusations against the delegator. A further advantage of our scheme is its support for unbounded attribute spaces, eliminating the need for system reboot when adding new attributes. In addition, our scheme requires only a constant number of pairing operations during the decryption and re-encryption phases, regardless of the number of attributes. We formalize a security model and rigorously prove that our scheme achieves adaptive security. Our scheme achieves simultaneously for the first time cross-primitive ciphertext transformation, fully hidden policy, and verifiability while ensuring adaptive security. We implement our scheme in real-world environments and compare it with existing state-of-the-art schemes. Our approach offers a more comprehensive feature set without significant performance trade-offs, making it highly suitable for cloud-assisted IoV scenarios.

Oluwaseye A. Fawale

No abstract is available for this record.