Blockchain Papers

Victoria R. Nalule, Rafael Leal‐Arcas

No abstract is available for this record.

Pinar Kara, Rafael Leal‐Arcas

No abstract is available for this record.

Pinar Kara, Rafael Leal‐Arcas

No abstract is available for this record.

Joyce Efekpogua Fiemotongha, Abbey Ngochindo Igwe, Chikezie Paul- Mikki Ewim, Ekene Cynthia Onukwulu

The global oil and gas markets are characterized by extreme price volatility driven by geopolitical events, supply-demand imbalances, and macroeconomic factors. Traditional trading strategies often struggle to maintain profitability while mitigating risks in such unpredictable environments. This study explores the development and implementation of innovative trading strategies that optimize profitability and reduce risk in global oil and gas markets. By leveraging advanced analytics, algorithmic trading, and real-time market intelligence, traders can improve decision-making, enhance risk-adjusted returns, and achieve greater market resilience. The research examines key components of effective trading strategies, including price forecasting models, quantitative risk management techniques, and adaptive trading algorithms. Machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) are integrated to analyze historical data, detect emerging trends, and generate predictive insights for market positioning. Additionally, the study explores the role of hedging instruments such as futures, options, and swaps in reducing exposure to market fluctuations. A comprehensive framework is proposed that incorporates sentiment analysis, technical indicators, and fundamental analysis to optimize trading margins and maximize profitability. Furthermore, the study highlights the significance of real-time data analytics and high-frequency trading (HFT) in capitalizing on short-term market inefficiencies. Scenario-based simulations and stress testing are employed to evaluate strategy performance under different market conditions, ensuring robustness and adaptability. The research also discusses the importance of regulatory compliance, liquidity management, and risk mitigation techniques in sustaining long-term profitability. Findings suggest that integrating AI-driven forecasting models and quantitative trading strategies significantly improves accuracy in market predictions, leading to enhanced profitability and reduced risk exposure. The proposed strategies offer actionable insights for energy traders, financial analysts, and policymakers seeking to navigate the complexities of the oil and gas markets. By adopting a data-driven, technology-enhanced approach, traders can gain a competitive advantage and improve market efficiency. Future research should explore blockchain-based trading platforms and decentralized finance (DeFi) solutions for further optimizing oil and gas trading strategies.

Lê Thanh Hà

No abstract is available for this record.

Qiang Ji, Ronald D. Ripple, Dayong Zhang, Yuqian Zhao

Financialization has brought new challenges to the international energy markets, making energy systemic risk a more complicated issue. One of the important features is the development of cryptocurrency, which has become a critical part of the global financial markets. As a consequence, the rise and fall of cryptocurrency can have nonnegligible impacts on the systemic risks in the international energy sector. This paper empirically tests this hypothesis using the equity data of the top 100 energy companies from 2014 to 2021. Specifically, we explore the extreme shocks of cryptocurrency using multiple bubble tests, and then we test to what extent bubbles in cryptocurrency markets can affect systemic risk in the energy sector. Our empirical results show that the formation of cryptocurrency bubbles, especially when the bubbles burst, significantly increases systemic risks in the energy sector.This effect retains the same in the recent COVID-19 pandemic period. In addition, oil and gas companies play an essential channel in the risk spillover from cryptocurrency markets to the international energy markets.

Azhar Mohamad

No abstract is available for this record.

Paul Uche Didi, Ololade Shukrah Abass, Oluwatosin Balogun

The growing demand for reliable and scalable energy access in underserved and decentralized regions has positioned modular gas infrastructure—such as compressed natural gas (CNG) skids, mini-liquefied natural gas (LNG) systems, and virtual pipelines—as critical enablers of distributed energy supply. These flexible, transportable systems offer an efficient alternative to traditional fossil fuel logistics and can complement renewable energy in hybrid microgrids. However, the diversity of stakeholders involved—from policymakers and regulators to commercial end-users and development finance institutions—poses a unique challenge for marketers aiming to promote modular gas solutions. Each audience segment operates within distinct decision-making frameworks, technical competencies, and investment horizons, necessitating a strategic approach to communication. This proposes a content matrix framework designed to support targeted, multi-channel marketing of modular gas infrastructure within decentralized energy markets. The matrix aligns content types—such as white papers, case studies, technical datasheets, policy briefs, and digital tools—with segmented audience profiles and stages of the buyer journey: awareness, consideration, decision, and post-deployment engagement. By organizing marketing efforts around these intersecting dimensions, companies can improve message relevance, accelerate lead conversion, and build stakeholder confidence across different contexts. Key focus areas include audience segmentation (e.g., rural utilities, industrial off-takers, regulators), content customization (technical vs. non-technical formats), and platform optimization (digital channels vs. community-based outreach). The matrix also supports ESG-aligned storytelling, illustrating the role of modular gas in enabling cleaner, more resilient, and inclusive energy access. Ultimately, this strategic framework enhances the effectiveness of demand-generation campaigns, investor engagement, and policy advocacy, while supporting the broader goals of energy transition and economic development in emerging markets. By employing a content matrix approach, solution providers can communicate value more precisely, reduce information asymmetries, and scale adoption of modular gas infrastructure in high-impact, decentralized applications.

Nasrin R. Khalili, Lanh Nguyen

This paper suggests a model for optimization of societal carbon footprints one person at a time through the decentralization of electricity use and accounting. Our model describes steps involved with developing a decentralized accounting system considering electricity as a "credit product". While describing the basic characteristics of both schemes, we also emphasize capabilities of the proposed model for reducing carbon footprints from other societal choices, for example, purchasing water (energy-water nexus), managing waste, or designing sustainable transportation systems. A simple yet complex model involved with familiar societal financial systems' rules and routines is proposed for achieving a resilient, sustainable, and prosperous future. The proposed model calls for creating a dynamic society (as a system) that can be efficiently adopted to take on challenges threatening the function, survival, and future developments of the societies.

Javid Azimov, Ufuk Alkan

No abstract is available for this record.

Pantélis Capros, Panagiotis Fragkos, Nikos Kouvaritakis

No abstract is available for this record.

Franz Hubert

No abstract is available for this record.

J.A. Moore

While regulatory compliance costs continue to escalate, changes in the needs and practices of customers are creating challenges for the bulk liquid terminals business. Minimum inventory policies have reduced demand for petroleum storage, and surplus private tankage of utilities and oil companies is being thrown onto the public market. Petroleum companies, following the lead of chemical companies, are moving toward more centralized distribution management. Responding to such changes, GATX Terminals Corp. recently realigned the management of its operations. Until this January, terminal functions of the $300 million enterprise were largely managed by highly autonomous business units. Now it has moved to a new flexible structure that combines aspects of centralized and decentralized organizations.