Blockchain Papers

Nop Kongdee, Suparada Prapawong

The purpose of this study is to analyze the traditional ancient Buddhism art of Lord Wessuwan, to create contemporary character of Lord Wessuwan in different figure, and to design a figure of Lord Wessuwan for producing amulet product based on the principles of Contemporary Comic Art in the styles of Southeast Asia and Western World that are blended together to create new style. In addition, the principles of the designing of Thai motifs, which are the combination between traditional Thai graphics and contemporary Lanna graphics, which have been analyzed and synthesized. As for the test, the finished works are sold and publicized in the system of Blockchain NFT (a non-fungible token). Apart from the designing in the sense of art, there is the creation of amulets of Lord Wessuwan which has been consecrated in accordance with the belief and process of the consecration of amulets in Buddhism. However, the amulets in this project are made with digital technology, making them art works in the jewelry level. The findings from this study point out that the new style of Lord Wessuwan will lead to more popularity and faith, which have been reflected from the request to buy the amulets. From such feedback, it means this new style is accepted by the society and has become a significant unique character that paves way for arts in the future with which Thai culture and arts are still conserved.

Mungki Septian Romas, Silvana Martini

Abstract The recycling paper industry has a good potential market. The industry used recycled paper such as Old Corrugated Containers (OCC), Old Newspaper (ONP), mixed waste paper, and Sorted White Ledger (SWL) as raw material. In Indonesia, commonly, the industry got the raw material of about 50% by importing. The government provides regulation to ensure the sustainability of the industrial activity, that is the process of importing recycled paper and internal regulation to increase local raw materials. The objectives of the research were to study the chosen raw material for the recycling paper industry and to analyze the positioning strategy of consumption raw material for the recycling paper industry in Indonesia. This research used a qualitative description method by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Strength Weakness Opportunities Threat (SWOT) analysis. The data were obtained from a questionnaire distributed to the paper industry, paper researcher, and relevant agencies. Based on AHP, the strength criteria to choose raw material is the regulation and availability of raw material with values 0.323 and 0.243; and the alternative chosen is recycled paper raw material import. The result of SWOT analysis, the recycling paper industry in Indonesia, has an Internal Factor Analysis Strategy (IFAS) 0.05, and an External Factor Analysis Strategy (EFAS) - 0.03. That showed from SWOT quadrant matrix, the position coordinate point of IFAS and EFAS in quadrant II. That means the positioning strategy is diversification. The government, recycling paper industry, and relevant agencies to corporate to increase the collecting rate of recycled paper.

Vivekrabinson KANAGAMANI, Muneeswaran Karuppiah

In the area of cloud computing, data deduplication enables the cloud server to store a single copy of data by eliminating redundant files to improve storage and network efficiency. Proof-of-ownership (PoW) is a cryptographic function that verifies the user who really owns the data. Most of the existing schemes have tried to solve the deduplication problem by providing the same encryption key for identical data. However, these schemes suffer from dynamic changes in ownership management. In this paper, we propose an in-line block matching (IBM) protocol based on zero-knowledge proof for deduplication with dynamic ownership management, which eliminates the unauthorized access of sensitive data. In this proposed work, for a new file, the uploader randomly chooses a file encryption key and encrypts the file. The user also computes a unique proof for the uploaded file by dividing the file into number of blocks and stores this proof to the cloud server. The cloud server computes the group key for the ciphertext and re-encrypts it using this group key. The cloud server also does the proof verification against the subsequent uploader for an existing file. The cloud server is honest-but-curious, so the proposed scheme confirms that the cloud server does not know any information about file encryption key even though it plays a proxy role. The result shows that our proposed scheme protects the data from both cloud server and adversaries. Also, the computational cost is comparatively less than other existing schemes.

Muhammad Fajar Sidiq, Akbari Indra Basuki, Halim Firdaus, Muhammad Aldi Baihaqi

Pengawasan jaringan pada beberapa kantor yang berlokasi berjauhan sangat sulit dilakukan kerana keterbatasan tenaga ahli, biaya, dan teknologi pendukung. Penelitian yang sudah ada tidak dapat menyediakan sistem pengawasan jaringan yang mampu menjamin tiga aspek keamanan sekaligus, yaitu: availability, integrity, dan confidentiality. Teknologi blockchain mampu menyediakan sistem pengawasan jaringan secara terpusat dan aman dengan menjamin keamanan sistem komunikasi pelaporan dan sistem basis data pelaporan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan purwarupa sistem pengawasan konfigurasi dan statistik jaringan menggunakan jejaring blockchain Ethereum. Metode pengawasan mengharuskan program controller pada setiap jaringan kantor untuk secara berkala menarik informasi flow-rules dari setiap perangkat jaringan dan melaporkan data tersebut dalam sebuah transaksi ke jejaring blockchain. Pada penelitian ini dianalisa dua jenis skema pengiriman transaksi: transaksi berbasis smart contract dan transaksi berbasis zero-payment. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, transaksi berbasis zero-payment secara rerata hanya membutuhkan sekitar 6 % dari biaya transaksi smart contract. Perkiraan biaya bulanan untuk pensamplingan informasi setiap 10 menit adalah sekitar 1,19 ether per-perangkat jaringan. Meskipun demikian, metode pada penelitian ini lebih sesuai untuk diterapkan pada jejaring Ethereum jenis Proof-of-Authority (PoA) dibandingkan jenis Proof-of-Work (PoW) karena harga Ether yang mahal. AbstractCentralized monitoring of remote networks is hard to implement due to the high cost, lack of experts, and the missing key technologies. The existing researches are unable to provide a secure, centralized monitoring system that satisfies three security aspects, namely: availability, integrity, and confidentiality. Blockchain technology meets those three requirements by providing a reliable reporting and immutable database system. In this paper, we proposed a prototype of a centralized monitoring system that records network statistics and configurations into the blockchain ledger. The method requires the network controller to periodically fetch network information from every network device and submit it as a single blockchain transaction. We compare two kinds of transaction schema, smart-contract based and zero-payment based reporting schemes. The evaluations show that zero-payment transactions only cost 6 % of the smart-contract transactions. The estimation of the monthly cost is 1.19 ether per-device for 10-minutes data sampling. Nevertheless, the proposed method is applicable only for the Proof-of-Authority (PoA) Ethereum networks. It is not feasible for the Ethereum main network that uses Proof-of-Work (PoW) due to the high cost of Ether.

Wei Cao, Qinan Wang, Chengying Liu

The development of global tourism has put forward new requirements for the construction of smart tourism. More and more travel-related data have reached the level of TB or even PB, which has brought great difficulties to tourism management. This article explores the use of big data technologies such as genetic algorithms to explore massive travel data and establish a comprehensive tourism information service platform for governments, enterprises, tourists, and scientific research institutions. The overall design of an industrial information service platform based on big tourist data is proposed. The overall function, data source, data standard, and application scope of the platform are all focused on. The traceability and nontampering of blockchain technology can also help passengers retain and verify their identity information. From the perspective of the design goals of the system, in general, the time required for repeated authentication will greatly reduce air ticket bookings, accommodation reservations, and bill verification, and improving efficiency is the only way to establish a “trust ecology.” Architecture design, distributed architecture, and intelligent service design, as well as the key implementation technology of service platform construction, route recommendation algorithm and tourism information big data mining, research and analysis on the construction of tourism information intelligent service.

Miro Petković, Vice Mihanović, Igor Vujović

Autonomous ships are in experimental stage nowadays with Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) already defined by IMO. Since MASS rely heavily on communications, security of communication systems and data security is critical. Secure communication is required to avoid bad actors to interfere with the communications or seizing control of a autonomous ship. In this paper, implementation of blockchain technology to improve autonomous vessels control security is investigated. This technology is already used in maritime bill of lading, acts on ship's technical inspection and for more accurate container tracking etc. The paper is organized as follows: first section describes current status on autonomous ships, basic definitions and terms, second section describes what is blockchain technology and how does it work, third section deals with blockchain technology applications with the proposed usage of the technology in autonomous vessels control scheme.

Nadezhda N. Pokrovskaia, Vladimir A. Spivak, S. O. Snisarenko

The optimizing and increasing the efficiency of human resource management in a knowledge-based economy becomes the central issue for research in the field of training and professional integration of high-qualified specialists. The description of competencies and skills required by companies as well as the personal features of candidates, their motivations and interests presented through human resources portfolio and cv need high level of security requirements and agile decentralized methods of governance. Blockchain technologies are able to allow the necessary level of data security and to minimize costs, for this purpose blockchain platform is seen in this paper as a pertinent basis to build a global register of qualification certificates and competency assessment. Developing such a ledger requires coordinating assessments of competencies and qualifications at the global level of business processes, which can be carried out by regulators, for example, government institutions, and on the basis of decentralizing corporate and individual requests, goals and self-actualization motives, which seems more appropriate to the actual practice of creating infrastructure.

Feroz Ahmad Ahmad, Prashant Kumar, Gulshan Shrivastava, Med Salim Bouhlel

ON 12 JANUARY 2009 a pseudonymous entity signed a transaction that instructed a distributed network to transfer a small amount of digital currency to Hal Finney, one ofthe key figures of the cypherpunk movement. After a few minutes, the transaction was recorded on a distributed public ledger, permanently updating the balance ofbothparties. This transaction— the first Bitcoin transaction—marked the beginning of a new era of decentralized payment systems, ushering in a variety of financial Services that do not depend on any centralized clearinghouse or other financial middleman. Bitcoin is regarded by many as a powerful technological innovation that could disrupt many sectors, in the realm of finance and beyond. But the underlying technology on which the network operates, the Bitcoin blockchain can do much more than that. Just as the internet did in the early-1990s, blockchain technology carries with it a whole new range of promises concerning how decentralization can support and promote individual freedoms and autonomy. Blockchain proponents believe that Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency platforms will revolutionize mechanisms of value exchange in the same way that the internet transformed information sharing, by providing a platform for people to exchange digital resources, in a secure and decentralized manner without the need to rely on any intermediary or trusted authority. But this revolutionary potential also carries with it serious implications for censorship, intellectual property, and the regulated flow of information. A blockchain is a decentralized database of transactions maintained by a distributed network of computers, which all contribute to the verification and the validation of transactions. Once accepted, these transactions are recorded inside a “block” of transactions, which incorporates a reference to previous blocks. This creates a long chain of blocks—a “blockchain”—that stores the history of all transactions in a chronological order. Every block contains information about a particular set of transactions, a reference to the preceding block in the blockchain, and the answer to a complex mathematical puzzle that is used to validate the data associated with that block. A copy of the blockchain is stored on every computer in the network, making it virtually impossible for anyone unilaterally to modify the data stored on this decentralized database: if anyone tries to modify any transaction the fraud will be immediately detected by all other network participants.