Blockchain Papers

Tianyang Yu, Zhimin Guan, Jun Zhang, Jingyang Dong

No abstract is available for this record.

Tianyu Zhang, Fu Jia, Lujie Chen

This study aims to systematically review the current academic literature on blockchain and supply chain management (SCM) to explore the antecedents and sustainable outcomes of blockchain adoption and identify factors that influence blockchain adoption at different stages of implementation in supply chains (SC). This review follows the 6 steps and 14 decisions of conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) to comprehensively review 69 papers published in Academic Journal Guide (AJG) 3 and above journals between 2008 and 2023. Based on the content analysis of the selected papers, this study identifies antecedents and outcomes for blockchain adoption. This study further identifies influential factors in each blockchain implementation stage. A conceptual framework is developed to facilitate the conceptual development of blockchain adoption for sustainability in SCs. This study extends the prior studies of blockchain adoption in SCM with the consideration of how blockchain affects the SCM from the aspects of economic, social, and environmental. This review identifies four major themes in the topic of blockchain implementation and SCM, thus assisting researchers in avoiding focusing on the investigation of mature and saturated topics. The research gaps are identified, and future research directions are recommended for scholars, thereby enabling the comprehensive development of blockchain adoption in SCs.

Maria Ijaz Baig, Elaheh Yadegaridehkordi

Abstract This study seeks to identify the determinants of economic and environmental sustainability through green supply chain management (GSCM) and explore the moderating role of blockchain adoption in the relationships between GSCM and economic and environmental sustainability. The theoretical model was developed based on a natural‐resource‐based view and stakeholder theory. The structural equation modeling‐fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (SEM‐fsQCA) was used to analyze the data, which were gathered from 179 organizations in Malaysia. The SEM results showed that green technology, green marketing, and customer pressure are the factors that affect GSCM and enhance economic and environmental sustainability. The fsQCA findings supported SEM results by indicating that a combination of customer pressure, green technology, green marketing, and GSCM was necessary to achieve the highest level of an organization's economic and environmental sustainability. Moreover, the assessment of the moderating effect highlighted that blockchain adoption strengthened the association between GSCM and organization economic and environmental sustainability. The findings of this study help managers and organizations understand how blockchain adoption can enhance economic and environmental sustainability.

Yuyan Wang, Junhong Gao, T.C.E. Cheng, Yu Gong · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Lai‐Wan Wong, Garry Wei‐Han Tan, Keng‐Boon Ooi, Hing Kai Chan

No abstract is available for this record.

Fahim ul Amin, Qingkai Ji, Wasim ul Amin, Azka Amin

No abstract is available for this record.

Azz-eddine Meafa, Abla Chaouni Benabdellah, Kamar Zekhnini

Supply chain (SC) conditions are becoming more challenging, and its systems are gaining more complexities over time. However, managing a complex SC depends on multiple variables related to the SC and its environment. In addition, digital technologies have shown potential to reshape the present understanding of SC management. In this regard, blockchain technology (BT) can help business models by enhancing transparency, improving traceability, reducing costs, minimizing risks, and bringing resiliency to the SC processes. This paper follows the Dynamic Capabilities View (DCV) theory as a theoretical lens to investigate the capabilities of the BT and its impact on supply chain resilience (SCR). The paper uses a PLS-SEM method for analyzing the collected data and drawing evidence from the manufacturing and assembling industries to demonstrate the technological benefits and potential of BT, as well as its capacity to drive SCR and enhance efficiency in business models. The findings of the paper show that the sensing, seizing, and transforming capabilities of the BT have a substantial effect on SCR (R2 adjusted= 0.701). The obtained results from this study highlight the potential of adopting BT to help policymakers in their query to build SCR.

Rizwan Manzoor, B.S. Sahay, Sujeet Kumar Singh

The integration of global supply chains allows for exchanging innovative ideas, knowledge, crafts, and technology across borders. However, it also poses a significant risk of experiencing irregular disruptions. To address these concerns, resilient systems require innovative technology-based solutions, such as blockchain. This comprehensive study involved conducting a systematic literature review and utilizing qualitative input-based DEMATEL methodology to identify the key enablers and barriers for blockchain-enabled resilient supply chains. A total of 11 enablers and 12 barriers were identified. A panel of 15 experts from various backgrounds was utilized to provide the input through the online instrument. Based on the results, transparency followed by trust and collaboration as the top three crucial enablers, and lack of acceptance in the industry, complexity, and lack of standardization as the top three crucial barriers for blockchain-enabled resilient supply chain. The study also identified shared databases, smart contracts and real-time information as key causal enablers and lack of standardization, complexity, and government support as key causal barriers for blockchain enabled resilient supply chain. This study further suggests practitioners and policymakers to prioritize promoting the adoption of BT to ensure the resilience of supply chains by launching awareness programs, conducting world-class training of employees, and implementing blockchain favoring policies. The study further provides a critical insight suggesting that the pillars that promote blockchain adoption inherently favor the resilience strategies/pillars (visibility, collaboration, traceability, risk management, security and real-time data sharing) and hence, indicates that adoption of BT would implicitly enhance resilience. The study concludes with limitations, future research directions and conclusion.

Mohsen Soori, Fooad Karımı Ghaleh Jough, Roza Dastres, Behrooz Arezoo

The integration of blockchain technology in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) for sustainable supply chain management in the context of Industry 4.0 offers several potential benefits. A public and auditable record of the environmental impact of each supply chain stage can be made using blockchain technology. A more streamlined and effective supply chain is made possible by blockchain's decentralized structure. Delays, mistakes, and the need for middlemen are decreased by real-time access to a shared ledger. IIoT devices like sensors and RFID tags can provide real-time data on the location, condition, and environmental parameters of goods. Blockchain can then be used to record and incentivize sustainable practices, such as reducing energy consumption or minimizing waste. The integration of blockchain with IIoT can develop the supply chain management for enabling real-time tracking of goods, optimizing inventory management, and ensuring compliance with sustainability standards. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the key challenges facing traditional supply chains and how the combined use of Blockchains and IIoT technologies. The review also evaluates the environmental, social, and economic implications of adopting Blockchain-enabled IIoT solutions in supply chain operations. Furthermore, the review assesses the current state of research and development, identifying gaps in existing literature and proposing avenues for future exploration. As a results, by highlighting the synergies between these technologies, it seeks to inspire further innovation and adoption, ultimately fostering a more resilient, transparent, and environmentally conscious industrial ecosystem.

Mehayrun Nesa Shupti, Niamat Ullah Ibne Hossain, Steven A. Fazio, Jahid Hasan Ashik

Analyzing design principles and supply chain sustainability are critical for organizational success in today's competitive marketplace. The process of evaluating an organization's supply chain design principles and manufacturing sustainability entails incorporating various sources of information, which are typically uncertain, incomplete, and subjective in nature. Particularly when various organizations are confronted with significant principles such as a lack of interoperability, decentralization, virtualization, real-time and capabilities, service orientation, and so on. Using graph theory and a matrix approach (GTMA), this article attempts to analyze the interaction between design principles-related factors with a focus on operational excellence, growth and sustainability in supply chains by considering the business of Industry 4.0. We have considered electrical equipment manufacturing Industry 4.0 as test ground. Based on a literature review and expert opinions, we identified several key principles, and then explored the most significant one using graph theory and a matrix approach. The findings indicate that autonomy has been evaluated as the most significant challenge to manage design principles most effectively for sustainable manufacturing in the Industry 4.0 context. Therefore, organizations must enhance autonomous systems capable of operating and making decisions alone, without relying on external instructions or support, in order to achieve sustainability. This and the other identified principles to achieving corporate supply chain sustainability are ranked in this paper. These findings will be useful for managers and policymakers managing the interaction between people and processes, as well as corporate sustainability management in Industry 4.0-based supply chain organizations. The unique contributions of this paper can aid in the improvement of design principles and the sustainability of emerging economies' Industry 4.0 perspectives.

Pradeep Kumar

In this study, we examine the potential benefits and difficulties of integrating blockchain technology based on Ethereum into logistics management systems. Our goal is to offer a thorough grasp of this technology's influence on the logistics sector by looking at its theoretical underpinnings and real-world implementations. Significant outcomes from our research include greater logistic transparency, real-time updates, increased security, and automation of contractual duties. These findings underscore the need to embrace innovation and create a legislative framework that facilitates the implementation of blockchain technology, with broad ramifications for logistics firms and legislators. Our study adds to the expanding corpus of information on the application of blockchain technology in logistics, offering insightful information to scholars, policymakers, and business professionals.

Reza Lotfi, Reza Hazrati, Sina Aghakhani, Mohamad Afshar · 6 authors

The research proposes a new method for Viable Supply Chain Network Design (VSCND) that incorporates Open Innovation (OI) and Blockchain Technology (BCT). A robust stochastic optimization and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) in the cost function is utilized to develop the model. This model's objective function incorporates the expected value, maximum cost, and CVaR cost. The OI and BCT platforms are suggested for an antifragile policy against disruption. In addition, CO 2 emissions and energy consumption are proposed as sustainability requirements. Eventually, minimum demand satisfaction and resilience facilities by incorporating capacity based on specific scenarios are added to the model for an agile strategy. This research entails several parties, including vendors supplying the primary components and manufacturers creating products based on customer preferences. OI and BCT platforms aim to receive demand based on customer specifications and facilitate rapid transactions between components. Risk-averse decision-makers utilize a polyhedral Data-Driven Robust Optimization (DDRO) approach to manage uncertainty and flexible sets. Incorporating OI and BCT as antifragility instruments resulted in a 0.2% cost reduction for VSCNDOIBCT compared to when OI and BCT were not considered. This research suggests that integrating OI and BCT positively affects SC performance overall. The decreasing rate, DDRO coefficient, agility rate, demand variation, and problem size were subjected to a sensitivity analysis.

Abdullah Kaid Al‐Swidi, Mohammed A. Al-Hakimi, Mohammed Saad Alyahya

Purpose Despite the importance of green supply chain integration (GSCI) in advancing green innovation (GI) is recognized, it remains unclear how firms can translate their GSCI efforts into GI. Therefore, this study aims to understand how GSCI affects GI, with its dimensions (exploitative GI and exploratory GI), as well as to investigate the mediating role of green knowledge integration capability (GKIC) and the moderating role of blockchain technology (BCT) adoption. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of data collected from 247 managers working in Indian firms in the automotive industry, the authors tested the proposed model using the PROCESS macro tool via SPSS software. Findings The empirical results indicate that GSCI is positively associated with both exploitative and exploratory GI, with a higher effect on exploitative GI. In addition, GKIC mediates the link between GSCI and exploitative GI in contrast to exploratory GI. Notably, the relationship between GSCI and GKIC is stronger when BCT adoption is high. Originality/value This study opens the black box of how GSCI affects exploitative and exploratory GI by revealing the mediating role of GKIC and the moderating role of BCT adoption. It provides valuable insights for practitioners to translate GSCI efforts into GI through developing GKIC and adopting BCT.

Rohit Raj, Vimal Kumar, Priyanka Verma, Suriya Klangrit

Purpose Though academic study on the subject is still in its early stages, there is growing interest in using blockchain technology for transforming the supply chain. The academic literature is divided and yet only includes studies evaluating how the supply chain has changed organizations. To comprehend the new phenomena, this study aims to investigate the factors of blockchain technology in driving supply chain transformation. To be more precise, the authors developed from the literature the most prevalent criteria for determining if supply chain transformations are ready to be scaled up. Design/methodology/approach This study followed a combination of two multi-criteria decision making methods evaluation based on distance from average solution and complex proportional assessment) methodology in this research: planning, investigating, executing out, establishing a rating of the criteria and evaluating it. Findings The study shows that the “organizational driver” and the “technology driver” are the factors most important to the transformation of the supply chain, whereas the “financial driver” and the “regulatory driver” are less important. This study also makes some managerial recommendations to address the factors impeding the supply chain’s transformation. Each factor’s significance was explored, and a proposed study agenda was also presented. Research limitations/implications Although the main forces behind the transformation of the supply chain have been recognized, further research into statistical correlation is required to confirm how the various elements interact. Practical implications This research aids decision-makers in comprehending the key forces behind supply chain transformation. Managers and decision-makers might better predict and allocate the necessary resources to start the road toward digitization and make well-informed choices once these aspects have been investigated and understood. Originality/value In light of the pandemic’s effects on the world and the increase in businesses embracing the digital economy, the supply chain transformation is more important than ever. Beyond blockchain deployment and the pilot studies on digital transformation, there is a gap. The topics and factors this study uncovered will operate as a framework and recommendations for more theoretical investigation and practical applications.

Xing Zhao

No abstract is available for this record.

Jiajun Tan, Wai Peng Wong, Chee Keong Tan, Suriyan Jomthanachai · 5 authors

Purpose Technology is the lifeline for the logistics industry, and it has been immensely disrupted by the emerging blockchain technology. This paper has two main objectives. The first is to explore how the current blockchain technology can be implemented in the logistics industry with the aim of improving logistic services amongst the network of logistics service providers (LSPs). The second is to propose the development of a blockchain model for the small and medium logistics service supply chain. Design/methodology/approach A prototype blockchain-based logistics system has been created and tested in a case study with a real logistics company. The primary technologies for developing a blockchain model on the Hyperledger platform as well as how the system is designed based on the logistics service flow are explained. Findings The study has resulted in the successful implementation of the proposed prototype blockchain-based logistics system. In particular, the case company has managed to fully utilise the developed tracking and tracing system. Whilst utilising the prototype, the participants have been able to fulfil their responsibilities in an effective manner. The performance of LSPs has improved following the World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI) criteria. Originality/value This paper contributes to current research in the application of blockchain technologies in the domain of logistics and the supply chain to progress LSPs towards Logistics 4.0. The current frameworks for Logistics 4.0 and how blockchain as a disruptive technology revolutionises logistic services are reviewed. In addition, this paper highlights the benefits of blockchain technology that LSPs can leverage to further improve their performance based on the LPI criteria.

Yuqing Xu, Xingyu Tao, Moumita Das, H.L. Kwok · 8 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Giulio Caldarelli

The burgeoning interest in both the circular economy and blockchain technology has spurred numerous proposed integrations. Despite this enthusiasm, empirical research examining the practical feasibility and critical assessment of blockchain's potential within the circular economy remains limited. This study engages with eleven distinguished blockchain experts to critically analyze the prospects of technology integration across various facets of the circular economy, aiming to predict potential outcomes. Utilizing the Delphi method, this research seeks to attain a consensus on the experts' visions and opinions. The findings suggest a nuanced perspective: while certain integrations in the circular economy may face challenges and are unlikely to succeed, others could prove effective in the long term, provided specific conditions are met. When appropriately designed Tokenomics are in place, and the necessary level of digitalization is achieved, blockchain technology can significantly incentivize circular economy practices. However, the complete disintermediation of circular practices through blockchain is viewed as less feasible, owing to its reliance on external data providers.

Nikunja Mohan Modak, Tapan Senapati, Vladimir Šimić, Dragan Pamučar · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Bui Minh Hau, Sam–Sang You, Gyu-Sung Cho, Jeong-Hum Yeon · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

A. Anitha, M. Priya, M. K. Nallakaruppan, Deepa Natesan · 6 authors

INTRODUCTION: Supply chain management is the management process of the flow of goods, and services related to financial functionalities, procurement of raw materials delivery to the final destination. OBJECTIVES: Since the traditional supply chain process lacks data visibility, trustworthiness, and distributed ledger, the need for the blockchain mechanism to ensure the time-stamped transactions to provide a secured supply chain process has been introduced and integrated. METHODS: The distributed nature of the blockchain helps in organizing the supply chain and engaging the customers with real, verifiable, and immutable data. Blockchain technology enables these transactions to be tracked in a very secure and transparent manner. In this paper, we, therefore, propose a framework that utilizes blockchain and key Escrow encryption systems to optimize the security of supply chains to improve services for global business survivability. RESULTS: The comparative analysis with the existing benchmarking techniques with respect to the key size, key generation time, and key distribution time was carried out with the proposed model and found that proposed work provides better results. CONCLUSION: This proposed system can track the authenticity of the product and details about the manufacturer of that particular product. Thus, the paper concludes the proposed work enhances data’s integrity, traceability, and availability and single-point failure can be resolved or reduced using blockchain mechanism.

Ali Raza, Hendro Wicaksono, Omid Fatahi Valilai

Last mile delivery as a challenging area of supply chain is facing growing challenges for e-commerce firms. One of the most important aspects of these challenges is related to the sustainability of last mile delivery. This study has targeted customers' awareness and eagerness to play an effective role for sustainable last mile delivery. The paper has also focused on the capabilities of blockchain technology for enabling the tracking and tracing of the contributions of the customers through NFT (non-fungible tokens) tokens. The paper has designed surveys to examine the awareness and tendency of customers for sustainable last mile delivery. It has been found that there is a significant gap when it comes to completely understanding the blockchain and its potential benefits in terms of reducing CO2 emissions concludes. The results show that a high proportion of respondents who indicated a willingness to delay and consolidate deliveries if offered an NFT token incentive. Finally, it has been concluded that there is high potential for blockchain technology to promote sustainability in the last mile delivery industry.

Yanhong Wang, Shuqiao Dai, Zhigang Jiang, Qingshan Gong

This paper addresses the challenge of integrating discarded products as pivotal raw materials in the remanufacturing process. The pervasive lack of transparency in the origin of discarded products and the prevalent issues of diminished recycling value in existing market recycling models underscore the need for a transformative solution. In response, this study introduces a novel remanufacturing-centric recycling framework that harnesses blockchain (BC) technology and reverse logistics (RL). This framework orchestrates transactions within the recycling market by systematically tracking the quality attributes of products. The proposed model innovates by deploying dynamic game theory to devise recycling pricing strategies tailored for recycling entities. Additionally, the incorporation of an appraisal mechanism for recycled product quality enhances the capability of recycling entities to acquire high-value items. The model’s viability and pioneering attributes are corroborated through a case study involving a retailer’s engine recycling strategy. The empirical findings validate the model’s potential in creating a standardized market for recycling high-value products, thereby empowering remanufacturers to access superior-quality discarded materials through optimized recycling channels.

Xugang Zhang, Shuangli Zhu, Shuqiao Dai, Zhigang Jiang · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.