Digital technologies are advancing supply chains significantly, especially those related to industry 4.0. The distributed ledger technology known as blockchain, which has just lately gained prominence, has a excess of uses in many different industries, most notably supply chain management. Theoretically, blockchain is a dispersed, independent system that makes storage of information secure. Blockchain based approaches may address the limitations of conventional transparency systems. The recently developed distributed ledger technology known as blockchain is becoming more and more well-liked due to its amazing applications across a wide range of industries, most notably supply chain management. A revolutionary change in managing supply chains has been sparked by the introduction of blockchain- based technology, specifically to the manufacturing industry. This chapter explores the manner in which the use of blockchain technology can improve transparency in the complex network of interconnected processes that comprise up the supply chain for manufacturing. Provided to the book “Futuristic Technology for Sustainable Manufacturing”, “Blockchain for Supply Chain Transparency in Manufacturing” examines the various ways that blockchain is changing the way that supply chain operate. This section underlines the reception of blockchain innovation as a spine for inventory network the board with the target to accomplish responsibility, straightforwardness, and biological practical as we travel through the not-so-distant eventual fate of assembling. The part likewise talks about the hopeful way that blockchain innovation offers, introducing another period of efficiency and moral conduct in the assembling area. The section covers the ordinary use of blockchain in assembling, and showing how savvy contracts empower genuine - time perceivability, cut down on interferences and lessen blunders. Additionally, it digs into the capability of blockchain innovation in ensuring adherence to supportability models, subsequently supporting the focal idea of feasible assembling.
The pharmaceutical supply chain is intricate, involving various stakeholders such as manufacturers, distributors, wholesalers, pharmacies, regulatory bodies, and healthcare providers. This complexity introduces challenges, including a lack of transparency, counterfeit drugs, and limited access to crucial information. These challenges emphasize the critical need for the implementation of a robust tracking system that ensures security, privacy, transparency, decentralization, and authenticity across the entire supply chain. This study proposes a solution by introducing a blockchain-based model for pharmaceutical supply chain management. Capitalizing on the decentralized and transparent features inherent in blockchain technology, our model aims to effectively address the aforementioned challenges and elevate the overall efficiency and integrity of the pharmaceutical supply chain. This research significantly contributes to the integration of innovative technologies, such as blockchain, to mitigate risks and establish a safer and more reliable pharmaceutical supply chain.
Vinay, Sagar Yadav, Attul Kumar, Prof. Renu Narwal
In the evolving landscape of supply chain management, the integration of blockchain technology and artificial intelligence (AI) stands as a beacon of innovation, promising to address the perennial challenges of efficiency, transparency, and reliability. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of how AI can revolutionize blockchain supply chains, offering a synthesis of current research, methodologies, and case studies that highlight the transformative potential of this synergy. The supply chain, a complex network that underpins global trade, is often beleaguered by inefficiencies and vulnerabilities. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized and immutable ledger, has emerged as a solution to enhance traceability and trust. However, it is the infusion of AI that has the potential to catalyze a paradigm shift in supply chain management. AI’s capabilities in data analytics, machine learning, and autonomous decision-making can optimize logistics, predict trends, and automate tasks, thereby elevating the blockchain beyond its current utility. This research adopts a mixed-methods approach, drawing on qualitative insights from industry experts and quantitative data from performance metrics to assess the impact of AI on blockchain supply chains. Through a series of case studies, the paper illustrates the practical applications and challenges of this integration, providing a nuanced understanding of its implications. The findings reveal that AI significantly enhances the efficiency and accuracy of blockchain supply chains, leading to improvements in transaction times, data verification processes, and overall supply chain performance. The discussion delves into the strategic advantages of this integration, such as improved compliance and ethical supply chain practices, while also acknowledging the limitations and challenges that organizations must navigate. In conclusion, the paper posits that the convergence of AI and blockchain holds great promise for the future of supply chains. It offers a roadmap for practitioners looking to harness these technologies and sets forth directions for future research, particularly in the development of sophisticated AI algorithms tailored for blockchain applications and the long-term economic impacts on supply chain management. The study contributes to the broader field by providing empirical evidence and a new perspective on the potential of AI to create more resilient, efficient, and transparent supply networks..
Sai Haree Ram S, Uppala Durga Samirth S, V. Pandimurugan
In the dynamic realm of global IT supply chains, businesses confront formidable challenges, particularly during critical junctures like product launches. Traditional Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, while effective, often entail substantial implementation costs. The supply chain department, indispensable for ensuring seamless operations within product-based enterprises, assumes heightened significance during expansions and pivotal moments. Yet, achieving optimal goods supply remains a persistent challenge without a resilient and well-connected supply chain. Centralized frameworks present inherent limitations, including single points of failure, security vulnerabilities and many more, all of which impede operational efficiency and jeopardize critical information. To address financial constraints and enhance operational efficiency, this research proposes decoupling the supply chain from traditional ERP systems while integrating with shipment management systems. The methodology leverages open-source solutions such as the Inter Planetary File System and the Ethereum blockchain to develop a Blockchain-Enabled Shipment Management System. This system seamlessly integrates with traditional ERP systems, acting as a hybrid solution that optimizes costs, ensures transparency, traceability, and security while harnessing the decentralized advantages of blockchain technology. The strategic approach empowers businesses with unparalleled capabilities to navigate the complexities of the dynamic global IT supply chain, especially during critical events like product launches. By leveraging blockchain technology and decoupling supply chain management from traditional ERP systems, this research contributes to paving the way for enhanced coordination, efficiency, and resilience in the face of evolving market demands.
Block chain technology is a decentralised, distributed ledger that stores the record of ownership of digital assets, any data stored on block chain is unable to be modified, making the technology a legitimate disruptor for industries like payments, cyber security and health care. Block chain technology has the potential to revolutionise interaction between governments, businesses and citizens in a manner that was unfathomable just a decade ago. Block chain has emerged to become a potentially transformative force in multiple aspects of government and private sector operations. Its potential has been recognized globally with a variety of international organisations and technology companies highlighting the benefits of its application in reducing the costs of operations and compliance, as well as in improving efficiencies .Future of Blockchain in the Finance Industry, Cybersecurity, Digital Advertising, Supply Chain Management and so on will ensure transparency in governance, ensure less cybercrime, to promote marketing, reduce the human error with less cost and time. The study objective is to identify the country which supports blockchain, influencing factors and its impact on future of block chain. To achieve this objective, case study method is used, five different cases are taken to prove how the blockchain methodology support the managerial functions in various aspects. The study findings are supported by the advantages of using blockchain, how it helps the nations to reduce the time taken to accomplish the goals with transparency, to maximise the efficiency by adaptation of blockchain technology and to reduce the human intervention thereby reducing the prevalent cyber crime.
In an era characterized by rapid technological advancements and shifting consumer demands, supply chain management encounters unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Blockchain technology, renowned for its decentralized and immutable ledger, emerges as a promising solution to confront these challenges by fostering trust, enhancing traceability, and optimizing operations throughout the supply chain ecosystem. This chapter undertakes a thorough exploration of essential concepts, practical applications, and optimal strategies, aiming to equip professionals, researchers, and decision-makers with the insights needed to use the full potential of blockchain in revolutionizing supply chain management. Through a critical analysis of blockchain's capabilities, organizations can effectively navigate the intricacies of modern supply chains, cultivate collaborative endeavors, and propel sustainable growth within the dynamic business environment of tomorrow.
S. Vijayakumar Bharathi, Arif Perdana, T. S. Vivekanand, V. G. Venkatesh · 6 authors
This study integrates technology-organisation-environment (TOE) theory with situation-actor-process (SAP) and learning-action-performance (LAP) models to provide a comprehensive evaluation of complex seafood supply chain management (SCM) systems. We present a framework based on Blockchain technology that facilitates the transformation of the seafood supply chain ecosystem from its current state to a more streamlined one in the future. This framework offers the potential for driving transformation and delivering advantages that encompass improved data efficiency, sustainable practices, and streamlined integration across the seafood supply chain. Our research highlights the importance of accurate data management, stakeholder involvement, regulatory compliance, cybersecurity, cost-effectiveness, transparency, and sustainability for the successful integration of Blockchain in seafood SCM systems. This allows stakeholders to make informed decisions and optimise spending. Furthermore, we emphasise the significant value of transparency provided by Blockchain, which enables stakeholders to make well-informed decisions and optimise their spending.
Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of Industry 4.0 technology on resilience in established cross-border supply chain(s) (SC). Design/methodology/approach A literature review provides insight into the resilience capabilities of cross-border SC. The research uses a case study of operational international SC: the producers, importers, logistics companies and UK Government (UKG) departments. Semi-structured interviews determine the resilience capabilities and approaches of participants within cross-border SC and how implementing an Industry 4.0 Internet of Things (IoT) and capitals Distributed Ledger (blockchain) based technology platform changes SC resilience capabilities and approaches. Findings A blockchain-based platform introduces common assured data, reducing data duplication. When combined with IoT technology, the platform improves end-to-end SC visibility and information sharing. Industry 4.0 technology builds collaboration, trust, improved agility, adaptability and integration. It enables common resilience capabilities and approaches that reduce the de-coupling between government agencies and participants of cross-border SC. Research limitations/implications The case study presents challenges specific to UKG’s customs border operations; research needs to be repeated in different contexts to confirm findings are generalisable. Practical implications Operational SC and UKG customs and excise departments must align their resilience strategies to gain full advantage of Industry 4.0 technologies. Originality/value Case study research shows how Industry 4.0 technology reduces the de-coupling between the SC and UKG, enhancing common resilience capabilities within established cross-border operations. Improved information sharing and SC visibility provided by IoT and blockchain technologies support the development of resilience in established cross-border SC and enhance interactions with UKG at the customs border.
Blockchain technology (BT) enhances the capacity to monitor products consistently, fostering supply chain responsiveness to a wide range of societal and environmental issues. Although BT is known as an innovative tool, there exist potential operational and organizational challenges affecting BT adoption. This study proposes a decision support approach to leverage risk management to analyze potential barriers associated with BT adoption in sustainable supply chains (SSCs). This approach is developed to model how the economic, social, and environmental-related barriers (e.g., energy consumption) and their corresponding risk factors are interrelated. To model the causal relationships (CRs) among the barriers identified through the literature review, the fuzzy cognitive map advanced by Z-number theory is embedded in the proposed approach. Then, a hybrid learning algorithm is employed to determine the criticality of the barriers. As the reliability of information affects the accuracy of decision-making, the Z-number theory applies uncertainty and reliability simultaneously in specifying the values of risk factors and the weights of the CRs. Taking advantage of the learning algorithm and Z-number theory, the findings show a reliable and unbiased ranking compared to the failure mode and effect analysis. This helps managers develop more efficient mitigation strategies to deal with critical barriers. The results of the study also imply that adoption costs, extra audits, and regulatory uncertainty are the critical barriers affecting SSC readiness.
Blockchain, essentially a distributed and immutable database, has emerged as a potential solution to governance problems of accountability, transparency, and trust in the construction industry. In terms of construction quality management (CQM) applications, previous works mainly took a technical perspective, and little is known about the potential of blockchain-based governance for quality opportunism. Moreover, we have seen very few successful blockchain implementations in construction practices. Stakeholders meet the trade-off between potential benefits and risks in blockchain adoption decisions. Previous works mainly focused on barrier analysis, neglecting the dynamic interactions of stakeholders’ strategic behaviors on adopting blockchains. Against this backdrop, this research aims to systematically analyze blockchain impacts on CQM from a governance perspective and then investigate the owner and the main contractors’ strategic behaviors (e.g., adopting blockchains in CQM or not). The agency theory was used as the theoretical lens to examine how blockchain curbs contractors’ quality opportunistic behaviors as a governance mechanism. An evolutionary game theory model was developed to simulate adoption decision interactions between the owner and the main contractor. Finally, policy suggestions were highlighted for policymakers. This research could be one of the first studies examining blockchain potential to CQM from an opportunism governance perspective. Such discussions could inspire more discussions on blockchain-based governance and broaden researchers’ and practitioners’ understandings of blockchain impacts. The proposed policy suggestions from the equilibrium analysis could facilitate blockchain diffusion in the construction industry.
Osato Itohan Oriekhoe, Bamidele Segun Ilugbusi, Olawale Adisa
This concept paper explores the integration of blockchain technology into food supply chains to enhance global food safety. In recent years, food safety has become a critical concern worldwide, with frequent outbreaks of foodborne illnesses and contamination incidents. Traditional supply chain systems often lack transparency, traceability, and efficiency, leading to challenges in identifying the source of contamination and preventing its spread. Blockchain technology offers a promising solution to these challenges by providing a decentralized, immutable, and transparent ledger system. By recording each transaction and transfer of food products on a blockchain, stakeholders can trace the journey of food items from farm to fork in real-time. This enables rapid identification of contaminated products, facilitating targeted recalls and reducing the scope and impact of foodborne illness outbreaks. Key benefits of integrating blockchain technology into food supply chains include enhanced transparency, increased trust among consumers, improved efficiency in recalls and audits, and opportunities for process optimization and cost reduction. However, successful implementation requires collaboration among stakeholders, investment in infrastructure, and addressing technical and regulatory challenges. This concept paper outlines a strategic framework for implementing blockchain technology in food supply chains, including stakeholder engagement, pilot testing, scalability considerations, and regulatory compliance. By leveraging blockchain technology, we can ensure greater food safety, protect public health, and strengthen confidence in the global food supply chain. Keywords: Food Safety, Blockchain, Technology, Supply.
Purpose Firms are increasingly pressured to comply with mandatory supply chain transparency (SCT) regulations. Drawing on information processing theory (IPT), this study aims to show how blockchain technology can address information uncertainty and equivocality in assuring regulatory compliance in an interorganizational network (ION). Design/methodology/approach IPT is applied in a single case study of an ION in the mining industry that aimed to implement blockchain to address mandatory SCT regulations. The authors build on a rich proprietary data set consisting of interviews and substantial secondary material from actors along the supply chain. Findings The case shows that blockchain creates equality between actors, enables compliance and enhances efficiency in an ION, reducing information uncertainty and equivocality arising from conflict minerals regulation. The system promotes engagement and data sharing between parties while protecting commercial sensitive information. The lack of central authority prevents larger partners from taking control. The system provides mineral provenance and a regulation-compliant record. System cost analysis shows that the system is efficient as it is inexpensive relative to volumes and values of metals transacted. Issues were identified related to collecting richer human rights data for assurance and compliance with due diligence regulations. Originality/value The authors provide some of the first evidence in the operations and supply chain management literature of the specific architecture, costs and limitations of using blockchain for SCT. Using an IPT lens in an ION setting, the authors demonstrate how blockchain-based systems can address two key IPT challenges: environmental uncertainty and equivocality.
Araz Zirar, Abdul Jabbar, Eric Tchouamou Njoya, Hannan Amoozad Mahdiraji
Purpose This study aims to explore the key challenges and drawbacks of smart contracts (SCs) and how they impact digital resilience within small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Whilst this type of technology is seen as a step forward in terms of traceability, transparency and immutability to increase digital resilience, we argue that it should be approached with trepidation. Design/methodology/approach In developing this paper, the authors conduct a systematic literature search using the Scopus database. Through this, we identified 931 relevant articles, of which 30 were used as the focus of this article. Thematic analysis was used as the analytical approach to develop themes and meaning from the data. Findings In this paper, there is an emphasis on the importance of understanding the potential risks associated with SC implementation, as well as identifying appropriate strategies for mitigating any negative impact. In our findings, we puts forward three key themes, namely legality, security and human error, which we argue are key smart contract challenges that impact SME digital resilience. Originality/value In this paper, we propose the notion of “centralised control in decentralised solutions”. This comes from the research highlighting SC weaknesses in digital resilience for SMEs. We argue that there is a need for standards, regulations and legislation to address these issues, advocating, ironically, a centralised approach to decentralised technology.
J. Chandra Priya, Krzysztof Rudzki, Xuan Huong Nguyen, Hoang Phuong Nguyen · 6 authors
Abstract With the increasing demand for efficient maritime logistic management, industries are striving to develop automation software. However, collecting data for analytics from diverse sources like shipping routes, weather conditions, historical incidents, and cargo specifications has become a challenging task in the distribution environment. This challenge gives rise to the possibility of faulty products and traditional testing techniques fall short of achieving optimal performance. To address this issue, we propose a novel decentralised software system based on Transfer Learning and blockchain technology named as BETL (Blockchain -Enabled Transfer Learning). Our proposed system aims to automatically detect and prevent vulnerabilities in maritime operational data by harnessing the power of transfer learning and smart contract-driven blockchain. The vulnerability detection process is automated and does not rely on manually written rules. We introduce a non-vulnerability score range map for the effective classification of operational factors. Additionally, to ensure efficient storage over the blockchain, we integrate an InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). To demonstrate the effectiveness of transfer learning and blockchain integration for secure logistic management, we conduct a testbed-based experiment. The results show that this approach can achieve high precision (98.00%), detection rate (98.98%), accuracy (97.90%), and F-score (98.98), which highlights its benefits in enhancing the safety and reliability of maritime logistics processes. Additionally, the computational time of BETL (the proposed approach) was improved by 18.9% compared to standard transfer learning.
Abstract Although the significance of sustainable supply chain finance (SSCF) has been recognized, our knowledge of its antecedents remains limited. Drawing upon organizational information processing theory (OIPT), our research explores how blockchain technology adoption influences SSCF via supply chain visibility, and the moderating role of supply chain ethical leadership. We examine the proposed relationships employing survey data from 317 manufacturers in China. The findings indicate that blockchain technology adoption positively affects SSCF. Supply visibility and demand visibility partially mediate the influence of blockchain technology adoption on SSCF. Furthermore, supply chain ethical leadership undermines the positive influence of blockchain technology adoption on demand visibility. This research enriches our understanding of the antecedents affecting SSCF by offering insights from the perspective of OIPT.
This paper reviews the most important cases of using Blockchain to support Big Data in maritime transport and supply chains and to make them secure and integrated. Contemporary global markets and trade produce a vast amount of Big Data that is collected from various sources and processed, structured, and categorized in order to provide important information to various users in the maritime sector. Also, Blockchain as a new disruptive technology could provide important benefits for handling, securing, and efficient management of Big Data within the maritime transportation supply chain. The paper presents some of the key platforms of Blockchain for maritime and logistics purposes, including smart contracts and other use cases.
In the contemporary landscape of international trade, the adoption of blockchain technology in global supply chains has garnered significant attention. This comparative review delves into the practices of the United States and African countries, examining the implementation, challenges, and potential benefits of blockchain in enhancing supply chain efficiency. The United States, as a global economic powerhouse, has been at the forefront of integrating blockchain into its supply chain processes. The American approach emphasizes transparency, traceability, and accountability. Blockchain technology provides a decentralized and immutable ledger, enabling seamless tracking of goods from their origin to the end consumer. The use of smart contracts automates and streamlines contractual agreements, reducing paperwork and minimizing delays. While the adoption in the USA is relatively widespread, challenges include the need for standardized protocols, regulatory frameworks, and overcoming resistance to change within established systems. In contrast, the African continent presents a diverse and evolving landscape in the adoption of blockchain within supply chains. Several African nations have recognized the potential of blockchain to address longstanding issues such as counterfeit goods, fraud, and inefficiencies in logistics. Blockchain offers a decentralized solution that can empower local producers and facilitate international trade. However, challenges in Africa include limited technological infrastructure, varying levels of regulatory frameworks, and the need for capacity building. Collaborative efforts between governments, private sectors, and international organizations are essential to overcoming these obstacles. Both the USA and African countries stand to benefit from blockchain adoption in global supply chains. Increased transparency reduces the risk of fraud and enhances trust between stakeholders. The immutable nature of blockchain records ensures data integrity, contributing to the overall resilience of the supply chain. However, successful implementation requires a nuanced understanding of local contexts, regulatory frameworks, and technological capacities. This comparative review serves as a foundation for future research and policy development, shedding light on the dynamic landscape of blockchain adoption in global supply chains across diverse socio-economic environments.