NFT (Non-Fungible Token) has considerable potential in the field of intellectual property. It can not only improve the efficiency of copyright registration but also promote the improvement of transaction transparency and liquidity. However, existing copyright protection schemes of NFT image relied on the NFTs itself minted by third-party platforms. Also, the widespread use of NFTs has introduced new complexities to copyright protection due to their unique nature. Therefore, we have proposed a multi-layered blockchain security framework to resolve security vulnerabilities by protecting users from threats such as illegal copying, intellectual property rights infringement, and malware infection that may occur during the process of acquiring NFT assets through analysis of smart contracts, metadata, and digital assets that constitute NFTs.
This study presents a comparative analysis of trademark protection in the metaverse and the registration of virtual goods and nonâfungible tokens (NFTs) across three distinct legal systems: those of the United States, the United Kingdom, and South Korea. Drawing on recent case law and evolving administrative guidelines, this study examines how traditional trademark doctrinesâsuch as the likelihoodâofâconfusion standard in the U.S. under the Lanham Act, source-identifying function under the UK Trade Marks Act 1994, and proactive legislative reforms implemented by the Korean Intellectual Property Officeâare being adapted to address the challenges posed by digital and virtual environments. Specifically, this study analyzes landmark cases such as HermÚs International v. Rothschild and Yuga Labs, Inc. v. Ripps , which illustrate the extension of trademark protection to NFTs and other digital assets, as well as the interplay between trademark rights and freedom of expression. It also evaluates recent updates to international classification frameworksâincluding the 2024 Nice Classification and the Madrid Protocolâand discusses their implications for ensuring uniformity and effective enforcement of trademarks in a borderless digital market. The findings reveal that while each jurisdiction applies its own legal traditions to metaverse trademark disputes, all share a common policy objective: to prevent consumer confusion and safeguard brand integrity in an increasingly digital economy. Ultimately, the study advocates for proactive registration of trademarks as virtual goods and NFTs to streamline enforcement and enhance legal certainty, thereby fostering innovation and facilitating global trade in virtual environments.
The traditional wallet we have been using for decades is a carry pouch on a go in which a person carries his/her fiat currency and small personal items like identification documents like a driver's license, visiting cards, debit cards, credit cards, or any laminated cards. However, in the age of crypto currency, you need a wallet to keep your crypto tokens in one place for use on a daily basis and for trading and earning more crypto tokens so this wallet is known as crypto wallet. It enables you to store and handle all of the day's chaos with it. This study will examine CoinSwitch a crypto currency wallet, and all the features and services it provides to its dedicated users. The impact of the CoinSwitch wallet on the Indian crypto currency market will be examined in the research article. The research article will also examine CoinSwitch's SWOT analysis, benefits and drawbacks as a crypto currency wallet.
In this era of boundless potential that the age of technology brought with it, artists are lured by the limitless terrain of digital world. Regardless, the existing backdrop presents issues for artists who work in the old-fashioned mediums and even oneâs who work in the digital mediums, as it seems that they possess distinct challenges such as reduced revenue, complicated views on streaming statistics, copyright issues, and an old framework that is failing to suit the new digital era demands. This paper seeks to elevate the model in the form of digital art domain by combining non fungible tokens and blockchain technology. This paper proposes to respond to the looming challenges of copyright infringement as well as guaranteeing income security of digital artists. With the help of blockchain technology, this model provides a revolutionary change in the digital art world by providing a decentralized and artisanal environment that changes the digital creativity landscape.
Recommender systems are widely used in domains such as movies, music, and e-commerce. Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), introduced through blockchain technology, have become a remarkable research topic due to their technological characteristics such as uniqueness, proof of ownership, immutability, and traceability. They are used in various fields such as art, finance, and education. However, research on NFT recommendation systems remains limited. NFTs introduce unique challenges due to their high sparsity of user-item interactions, diverse data types such as images, textual information, and transaction data, and blockchain anonymity, which leads to a lack of demographic and score data. These factors complicate the development of personalized recommendations. In this study, a personalized recommendation system for NFTs was developed using deep learning methods, leveraging the distinctive technological features of NFTs and addressing the challenges of the NFT domain. The proposed model, named NFT-NCFAE, utilizes Neural Collaborative Filtering (NCF) to capture user-item interactions and employs AutoEncoder (AE) to integrate diverse NFT-related data, such as images, text, prices, and transaction history, alongside user data. To evaluate the specific contribution of the AE within the developed model, an additional analysis was conducted using only NCF, focusing on user-item interactions without incorporating additional NFT-related data. Both models were tested on a dataset utilized in a previous study from the literature, and the results were thoroughly evaluated. The findings indicate that the NFT-NCFAE model outperforms both the existing study in the literature and the NCF model. Consequently, the NFT-NCFAE model has the potential to contribute significantly to the development of personalized NFT recommendation systems.
In 2022, the Japanese government is strongly proposing to focus on developing the Web3 industry. The government is exploring the use of NFTs to commercialize content such as Japanese animations and games as Web3 businesses. NFT (Non-Fungible Token) means "unique and non-substitutable data unit recorded in blockchain". NFT indicates the owner of digital content by linking the NFT with digital content such as image or audio data. On the other hand, NFTs are constructed using complex technologies such as âblockchainâ and âsmart contractsâ. For this reason, many people do not understand the technical mechanism of NFTs. There are also aspects of excessive expectations for NFTs based on misunderstandings. I think that the bubble caused by excessive expectations negatively affects the development of technology. Therefore, in this research, I investigated what kind of value people find after understanding the mechanism of NFTs. Also, based on the survey, I find the functions desired for NFTs. Specifically, I made a video for non-technical people to easy to understand how NFTs work. And I showed the non-technical people the video with a demonstration of NFT tampering. After showing the video to the viewers, I surveyed them to investigate how their understanding of NFTs and the perceived value of NFTs changed. As a result, people understood that NFTs were not used as keys to access contents, but rather as a way to brag about what the holders had.
With blockchain technology, information is recorded in a permanent distributed ledger that is maintained by multiple computers in a peer-to-peer network. There is no central authority that can alter records or change network consensus rules. Such technology could be utilized for voting, title transfers, issuance of company shares, document notarization, but currently, the most popular use-case are virtual currencies. An interesting feature that some virtual currencies have is a multisignature (multisig) protocol that requires the electronic signatures from more than one private key to initiate a transfer of funds. Raw data of a multisig transaction may be recognized as an arbitral award under the New York Convention, where the law of England is the lex arbitri and parties have opted-out of a reasoned award.