Digitalization has significantly changed the way contracts are executed, especially with the emergence of smart contracts. The positive impact of digitalization on contract law cannot be denied, however, there are also challenges and controversies that need to be addressed wisely. Qualitative research methods will be the main approach in exploring the impact of digitalization on contract law in smart contract analysis. By utilizing observations and document analysis, this research will explore an in-depth understanding of the implementation of smart contracts in the context of contract law. The practical implication is the need to update contract law regulations that accommodate technological developments, while the theoretical implication is the need for an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of smart contracts and their impact on traditional contract. the need to update contract law regulations to accommodate technological developments, especially in the use of smart contracts. Meanwhile, the theoretical implication is the importance of a deep understanding of the characteristics of smart contracts and their impact on traditional contracts in order to minimize potential legal conflicts. Keywords: Digitalization, Contract Law, Agreements, Smart Contracts
This study aims to analyze cryptocurrency investment models in relation to the prevention of money laundering (Anti-Money Laundering/AML) activities. Cryptocurrency, as a growing form of digital investment, has garnered attention from regulators due to its potential money laundering risks. This paper explores preventive strategies that can be implemented within cryptocurrency investment systems, including the use of blockchain technology, KYC (Know Your Customer) procedures, and international regulations such as the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) guidelines. Through a qualitative method based on literature review and policy analysis, the study identifies investment models that can minimize money laundering risks while maintaining profitability for investors. These findings provide insights into the challenges and solutions in developing a safer cryptocurrency investment system that complies with AML regulations.
One of the most widely adopted forms of information technology application today is electronic trade through the internet network to make transactions. This transaction system was initially centralized, but with the risk of system failure and hacking, distributed systems such as blockchain were developed to improve security and efficiency. Blockchain also gave birth to derivative technologies such as smart contracts, automated blockchain-based digital agreements. Despite offering many advantages, the anonymity and decentralization of smart contracts raise concerns of misuse for illicit activities such as money laundering. Therefore, regulatory updates in Indonesia are needed to regulate the validity of smart contracts and money laundering actions through this technology. This article analyses the validity and regulation of smart contracts and efforts to implement the AML system in blockchain-based transactions in Indonesia.
Claudia Ovaliani Putri, Jacob Williams, Luna Anastasya, Dyah Juliastuti
The rapid advancement of technology in the digital era has prompted many companies to develop their businesses in line with current trends, one of which is by applying blockchain technology to smart contracts. This technology is a derivative of Cryptocurrency, which has become a trend in asset trading. The blockchain system in Cryptocurrency enables smart contracts to be designed to operate autonomously through blockchain technology using programming languages translated into legal language. This study aims to analyze the legality of using blockchain technology for smart contracts as legal products in the digital era and to assess the effectiveness of blockchain technology on smart contracts in business agreements between companies in Indonesia. This research employs a normative juridical method, focusing on the prevailing legal regulations related to the legality and effectiveness of using blockchain technology in smart contracts. The study concludes that the potential of blockchain for smart con- tracts is significant, given its efficiency and practicality, which can also reduce transaction costs. However, its implementation still needs to adapt to existing technologies, be easily accepted by society, and have stronger legal guarantees in its application.
Rumi Suwardiyati, Hanif Nur Widhiyanti, Setiawan Wicaksono
Smart contracts in blockchain systems are widely used as automated agreements that can expedite the execution of a contract. Based on the characteristics of smart contracts analyzed through agreements in the Indonesian Civil Code (BW), it can be concluded that smart contracts can be legally used in contractual legal activities in Indonesia. This is because smart contracts meet the requirements outlined in the BW as guidelines for contract formation, particularly concerning the validity of contracts. Using a normative method, which employs literature as legal material for this writing, the result shows that the validity of smart contracts in blockchain, based on Indonesian contract law, aligns with the contract law that fulfills the requirements of Article 1320 BW. Smart contracts can also be classified as standard agreements where the parties agree based on an existing and mutually agreed-upon contract. Until now, there are no specific regulations regarding smart contracts in Indonesia, even though smart contracts are already widely used in the country.
Ardhian Dwiyoenanto, Adi Sulistiyono, Hartiwiningsih Hartiwiningsih
The advance of Information Technology is closely related to and has a direct impact on the development of people’s lives. One of the real technological advancements that plays a major role in creating evolution in the community life order is Internet progress. As time passes, the internet world continues to experience rapid development, such as Metaverse, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), and Cryptocurrency. Meanwhile, the change of regulations and legal products that are not as fast as the advance of the internet and the business world raises their abuse potential as means of Money Laundering Crime. The research method used was normative juridical with analytical descriptive research specifications. Metaverse, NFTs, and Cryptocurrency are relatively new phenomena in this globalization era. The lack of regulation and the high volatility of price characteristics that are strongly influenced by public interest make them potential as means to hide or disguise the origin of assets from criminal acts. So, this research was conducted to analyse the potential use of Metaverse and Non-Fungible Tokens as means of money laundering.
Decentralized technologies such as blockchain facilitate secure and anonymous transactions, heralding a new era of financial innovation. However, the advent of cryptocurrencies has also posed significant challenges, especially in the realm of preventing money laundering practices. In Indonesia, individuals have exploited these systems for illicit money laundering from fraudulent schemes. Therefore, this study aimed to critically analyze the effectiveness of current regulatory frameworks and propose improved approaches to mitigate money laundering risks associated with cryptocurrency. Indonesia expects to shift its legal perspective due to the substantial threats posed by attempting to regulate a volatile financial system. This study employed normative legal research methods. The findings suggest that recognizing cryptocurrency as a legal tender could advance the agenda of addressing money laundering as a critical threat to financial stability and national security. This would significantly enhance the regulatory framework and ensure the financial system's integrity amidst evolving threats.
Perkembangan Smart Contract dalam hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan stabilitas hukum di Indonesia, dimana metode untuk mengeksekusi kontrak telah menjadi semakin canggih. Dengan pertumbuhan yang pesat dari perkembangan teknologi yang menggunakan Smart Contract dan urgensi sejauh mana hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia saat ini dapat mendukung perkembangannya, muncul pertanyaan bagaimana Smart Contract bekerja? Kapan kehendak itu terjadi dalam Smart Contract? Dan, bagaimana terpenuhinya asas konsensualisme pada Smart Contract ditinjau dari perspektif Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata? Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode normatif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, Smart Contract bekerja dengan cara dijalankan tanpa adanya pihak ketiga dan tertulis di atas Blockchain. Kedua, terdapat kehendak di dalam Smart Contract, dimana kedua belah pihak yang bermaksud mengikatkan diri dalam Smart Contract mengirimkan enskripsi kriptografi mereka untuk saling berkomitmen di dalam Smart Contract, sebagai bukti bahwa keduanya telah sama-sama sepakat. Ketiga, asas konsensualisme pada Smart Contract ditinjau dari perspektif Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata menunjukkan bahwa kesepakatan menjadi fondasi yang esensial untuk keabsahan suatu perjanjian, memastikan bahwa setiap pihak yang terlibat telah sepakat dengan ketentuan yang ada.
NFTs, or Non-Fungible Tokens, are digital assets referring to objects, such as art, music, in-game items, videos, and any other type of work represented in digital form. Two-dimensional artworks, including paintings, drawings, and sculptures, gain legal protection as copyrighted works. The use of NFTs is identified as a potential tool in preventing copyright infringement, verifying authenticity, and providing legal certainty for owners and buyers of digital artworks. This research aims to identify the regulation and protection of copyright for two-dimensional artworks in the context of the use of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) under Law No. 28/2014 on Copyright (UUHC). Through normative research with a statutory approach, this research aims to examine the regulation of copyright infringement of two-dimensional artworks embodied in NFTs and comprehend the legal aspects related to their infringement. The research findings indicate that, although NFTs offer a mechanism to strengthen proof of ownership and authenticity, there remains a lack of effective legal and policy frameworks to protect copyright and support the growth of the digital art industry. The findings underscore the importance of concerted efforts in strengthening copyright protection in the digital age and raising public awareness on the significance of respecting and abiding by copyrighted artworks.
Wahyudi Warianto, Florianus Yudhi Priyo Amboro, Lu Sudirman
Smart Contracts offer significant potential for contractual processes in Indonesia, much like their utilization in the United States under the prevailing regulations of both countries, including the Electronic Information and Transactions Law Number 11 of 2008, the Civil Code, the Uniform Electronic Transaction Act, the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the Blockchain Technology Act, as well as Arizona House Bill 2417 and Nevada Senate Bill No. 398. This study aims to pragmatically analyze the legal perspective regarding the legal capacity to facilitate the use of Smart Contracts as a form of blockchain technology, using the legal framework of the United States as a comparative basis. The research employs a comparative legal research method with a legislative approach. The analysis reveals the inadequacy of the legal framework in Indonesia, despite recent revisions, which still exhibit numerous shortcomings in facilitating the utilization of Smart Contracts. Suggestions for regulatory aspects are proposed to support comprehensive legal development, as an effort to adapt to the evolving times. Smart Contract menawarkan potensi pemanfaatan yang baik dalam proses berkontrak di Indonesia, sebagaimana yang telah mulai dimanfaatkan di Amerika Serikat melalui peraturan perundag-undangan yang berlaku di kedua belah negara, yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, Uniform Electronic Transaction Act, Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, Blockchain Technology Act, dan Arizona House Bill 2417, Nevada Senate Bill No. 398. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara pragmatisme dalam perspektif hukum perihal kecakapan hukum untuk memfasilitasi pemanfaatan Smart Contract sebagai bentuk teknologi blockchain, dengan menggunakan kerangka hukum Amerika Serikat sebagai bahan komparasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian komparatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Analisis menemukan adanya ketidakcakapan kerangka hukum di Indonesia, meskipun telah didukung dengan revisi pengaturan terbaru, yang nyatanya masih memiliki banyak kekurangan dalam kecakapan untuk memfasilitasi pemanfaatan Smart Contract. Usulan aspek pengaturan diusulkan oleh pengaturan ini untuk mendukung perkembangan hukum yang komprehensif, sebagai upaya beradaptasi terhadap perkembangan zaman
The newly emerged method of Money Laundering (ML) is to purchase cryptocurrency. The anonymity of cryptocurrency makes it difficult to identify perpetrators for the purpose of asset confiscation. Unfortunately, Indonesia does not have the law on asset confiscation. This research analyses the legislation on asset confiscation in case of ML through cryptocurrency transactions in Indonesia and the extent of the Asset Confiscation Bill in covering asset confiscation from ML through cryptocurrency transactions. This doctrinal legal research uses both statutory and conceptual approaches to address the proposed legal issues. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of asset confiscation in the Money Laundering Act in Indonesia still places the criminal confiscation to certain goods as an additional punishment that must be imposed along with the primary punishment, making it difficult to reach the asset confiscationof ML through cryptocurrency transactions. Furthermore, the concept of following the money in the Asset Confiscation Bill reaches the nominee mode. Asset confiscation is carried out without criminal conviction by proving that the assets were indeed derived from criminal proceedings, which is sufficient for submitting an application for asset confiscation. The Bill does not address the problem when the arrangement uses the DEX model as the issue lies in the technical execution. Hence, specific regulations and procedural law are needed to confiscate assets that have been laundered through cryptocurrency transactions as well as to synergise the dynamics between the law enforcement and the suspect in order to successfully confiscate the said assets.Keywords: Asset Forfeiture, Cryptocurrency, Legislation, Money Laundering. AbstrakMetode baru Pencucian Uang (ML) adalah membeli cryptocurrency. Anonimitas cryptocurrency membuat sulit untuk mengidentifikasi pelaku penyitaan aset. Sayangnya, Indonesia tidak memiliki undang-undang penyitaan aset. Penelitian ini menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan penyitaan aset ML melalui cryptocurrency di Indonesia dan sejauh mana RUU Perampasan Aset dalam mencakup penyitaan aset dari ML melalui cryptocurrency. Penelitian hukum doktrinal ini menggunakan pendekatan hukum dan konseptual untuk mengatasi masalah hukum yang diusulkan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan penyitaan aset dalam Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang di Indonesia masih menempatkan penyitaan pidana terhadap barang-barang tertentu sebagai hukuman tambahan yang harus dijatuhkan bersamaan dengan hukuman utama, sehingga sulit untuk mencapai penyitaan aset ML melalui Cryptocurrency. Selanjutnya, konsep follow the money dalam RUU Perampasan Aset mencapai mode nominee. Penyitaan harta dilakukan tanpa pemidanaan pidana dengan membuktikan bahwa harta kekayaan tersebut berasal dari hasil tindak pidana, yang cukup untuk mengajukan permohonan penyitaan harta benda. Bill tidak menjawab masalah ketika penempatan menggunakan model DEX karena masalahnya ada pada eksekusi teknis. Oleh karena itu, peraturan khusus dan hukum acara diperlukan untuk menyita aset yang dicuci uang melalui cryptocurrency.Kata kunci: Perampasan Aset, Cryptocurrency, Legislasi, Pencucian Uang.
Matthew Edbert, Yoan Nursari Simanjuntak, Bebeto Ardyo
Perkembangan dan inovasi teknologi berpengaruh secara besar terhadap kehidupan masyarakat saat ini, termasuk dalam ranah industri kreatif. Dampak ini terlihat dengan adanya teknologi blockchain dan Non-Fungible Token (NFT) sebagai sarana untuk mendesentralisasi industri tersebut. Perkembangan ini juga menimbulkan risiko tersendiri, dimana karya cipta dapat disalahgunakan oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak berwenang melalui penciptaan dan transaksi NFT dalam sistem blockchain, sehingga mengakibatkan timbulnya kerugian bagi pencipta, baik secara materiil, maupun secara imateriil. Risiko inilah yang menjadi alasan diperlukannya pengkajian terhadap perlindungan hukum bagi hak pencipta dalam proses penciptaan dan transaksi NFT, baik berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta, maupun ketentuan-ketentuan lain yang berlaku dalam proses tersebut agar dapat diketahui secara jelas perlindungan-perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada pencipta dalam pelaksanaan proses tersebut, serta dapat memajukan industri kreatif di Indonesia.
Joel Jordan Tobing, Ampuan Situmeang, Hari Sutra Disemadi
The development of technology and digital transformation has led to the growth of industries such as the creative business industry. One of its impacts is the emergence of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). NFTs are digital assets in the form of tokens representing ownership of a digital artwork. In Indonesia, NFTs currently lack specific legislative regulations, and there is no explicit and clear regulatory framework regarding the protection of NFTs in terms of their intellectual property aspects. Therefore, this study examines the development of NFTs in Indonesia, along with the legal position and protection of NFTs based on intellectual property law in Indonesia. In this research, the author employs a normative juridical research method with a legislative approach. Based on the research findings, it is evident that the development of NFTs, both globally and nationally, is quite significant. The public is increasingly becoming acquainted with NFTs, which have substantial prospects and are associated with many high-commercial-value works. Regarding NFTs as creative works, the regulation that accommodates the protection of intellectual property for NFTs in Indonesia is Law No. 28/2014. It is known that NFTs can take the form of images, paintings, videos, and music, which are considered parts of creations protected by copyright.
Land Administration is crucial for effective governance.However, in many developing countries, including Indonesia, traditional land administration systems often suffer from inefficiencies, corruption, and lack of transparency, leading to disputes and conflicting claims over land ownership.Blockchain technology has offered a promising solution to address the challenges by providing a decentralized, immutable, and transparent recording of land information.Provides encryption cryptography and descriptions to validate data.This research paper explores the implementation of an Ethereum-based private blockchain to build a land administration system DaPPS where users can sell and buy land certificates in Indonesia.A prototype land administration system was built with Ethereum and land certificates as NFT was built.This study focuses on adopting blockchain to help in the land registration system.Transaction performance testing is conducted, it shows between 6-15 seconds.While promising, more research is needed to address scalability and integration with legacy systems.
Tuhana Tuhana, Dona Budi Kharisma, Nabilah Khoirunnisa
The purpose of this legal research is to find out the legal problems in protecting the copyrights of creators of works of art on Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT) and to find out the forms of legal protection for creators’ copyrights of works of art on NFT. The type of research is normative legal research. The approaches used are statute approaches, conceptual approaches, and comparative approaches. The legal materials used are all regulations regarding copyright that exist in Indonesia and The United States of America (USA). NFT is a copyright protection solution for creators of works of art in the digital era. Indonesia does not yet have a digital copyright act while the USA has a digital copyright act called the Digital Millennium Copyrights Act (DMCA) which is able to protect the copyrights of art creators in NFT. In Indonesia, it has not yet been regulated regarding the prohibition of the importation of anti-circumvention devices, which has been handled in Chapter 1201 of the DMCA. Then there is also no regulation regarding the deletion of NFT content, which indicates violations in Indonesia, which has been regulated in USA.
Razaq Mustika Djati, Tjokorda Istri Diah Widyantari Pradnya Dewi
This research is normative research using a statutory regulation approach, a concept approach, and a comparative approach. The law used consists of primary legal materials, namely regulations and international agreements and publications of international organizations, as well as secondary legal materials obtained from relevant books, journals, literature, documents, and archives through library research. The results of this research show that, (1) due to the absence of official regulations that prohibit cryptocurrency transactions and coupled with several regulations regarding international electronic transactions that can also be applied to these transactions, this transaction is permitted to be carried out as long as the country where the transaction is carried out allows it or holds bilateral agreements with other countries regarding this regulation. (2) Cryptocurrency transactions give rise to various legal problems, especially legal threats in international trade law; these legal threats are more accurately described as disclosures of laws or statutory regulations. There are several multilateral efforts by countries to establish arrangements or regulations for the use of currency. crypto money Because there are things that are not regulated or do not fall within the scope of applicable regulations, countries are required to make their own decisions. There are countries that refuse, and there are also those that make special rules for this transaction.
Ghassan Adhab Atiyah, Nazura Abdul Manap, Ahmed Ismael Ibrahim, Abdur Rahman
Blockchain smart contracts is a digital program based on the blockchain design that accommodates certain data stored in their internal logic. The decentralized nature of this technology prevents unauthorized access. This technology require the use of cryptocurrencies to be effectively utilized as a medium of exchange. While cryptocurrencies have received wide recognition as an improvement to modern business transactions. However, in the Muslim communities, Muslim scholars have divergent views on the permissibility and prohibition of cryptocurrencies on certain grounds. Islamic law is characterized by outstanding flexibility that enables it to keep pace with the development of time and place, and gives it the validity to interact to address emerging issues that stand in people's way. This study aims to examine blockhain smart contracts, how they work, the religious ruling surrounding its permissibility. As well as the consensus of Muslim Scholars on its usage by Muslim communities. The study adopts qualitative doctrinal, library based or normative judicial research to analyze blockchain smart contracts and their suitability and compatibility with Islamic law. By examining the law from the perspective of social reality, the researchers qualitatively analyzed the concept of Smart contracts within the boundaries of law and its application under Islamic law. Delving into deductive reasoning and conclusions based on consensus of scholars. This study found that blockchain smart contracts falls within the permissibility principle, The Maliki school sale on credit and negotiations under the ijtihadi perspective. This research suggests the need for further study to shed light on this new type of contract to support its acceptability among Muslim communities.
Penelitian ini menyelidiki perlindungan hukum bagi investor dalam konteks investasi cryptocurrency di Indonesia, sebuah sektor investasi yang semakin diminati namun belum diatur secara khusus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah pendekatan penelitian hukum atau yang dikenal sebagai penelitian hukum doktrinal. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis terhadap kerangka regulasi, termasuk peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh otoritas keuangan dan badan pengawas di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengevaluasi hambatan dan tantangan dalam memberikan perlindungan hukum yang memadai bagi investor cryptocurrency. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun beberapa langkah telah diambil untuk mengatur pasar cryptocurrency di Indonesia, masih terdapat kekosongan dalam perlindungan hukum bagi investor. Regulasi yang terbatas dan ketidakpastian hukum dapat meningkatkan risiko investasi bagi pemegang aset digital. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan perlindungan hukum investor, termasuk pembaruan regulasi, peningkatan transparansi, dan pendidikan investor mengenai risiko cryptocurrency.
Abdul Rokhim, Sunardi Sunardi, Muhammad Resky Rakhim
Crypto is a non-wuud commodity that is digital using cryptography. The legality of crypto assets in Indonesia has not received firm regulation in their use, and there is a need for a supervisory body that regulates all transaction activities for legal protection for investors in trading digital assets. The research method used in this study is to use normative juridical research methods, using a statutory approach (statute approach) and a conceptual approach (conceptual approach). The result of the discussion of this study is that for the legality of crypto assets, Bank Indonesia places them as digital money so that they are prohibited as a means of payment, while the Ministry of Trade places them as digital assets so that they are allowed to be traded on the Futures Exchange. Normatively, there is still opposition in looking at crypto money. Legal protection of investors who make crypto asset buying and selling transactions get legal protection for losses that can be caused both criminally, namely losses caused by cyber crime and civil losses due to Unlawful Actions.
The development of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT) has significantly impacted global economic trade. However, in Indonesia, the regulation surrounding NFT remains insufficient, particularly concerning law enforcement and equitable royalty distribution for commercialized artistic works. This research adopts a normative juridical approach, employing statutory, comparative, and conceptual analysis methods. Findings indicate that NFT, as three-dimensional artistic creations, fall under the protection of the Copyright Act. While Indonesia has addressed NFT regulation in various laws and government regulations, detailed provisions regarding digital transactions involving three-dimensional artworks are lacking. Moreover, inadequate legal safeguards for NFT sales underscore the pressing need for legal reform. Therefore, the adoption of Droit De Suite through legal transplantation is proposed as a prudent strategy for legal modification, offering numerous normative and operational benefits. Droit De Suite is a principle born from the Berne Convention, where the requirement to apply Droit De Suite is that the state must give permission or legally recognize that the state has been regulated in its legislation. In addition, Droit De Suite is the right given to the artist or creator and his heirs to resell copyrighted works that have been produced previously, so that the creator's heirs are entitled to a share of the resale of a work. This approach holds promise for enhancing the legal framework surrounding NFTs and promoting fair treatment of artists and stakeholders in Indonesia's digital economy landscape.
This article aims to find out the validity of the Civil Code smart contact. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used by parties, especially people who have started carrying out transaction and contract activities using blockchain technology in the form of smart contracts. This research method uses normative law, the use of legal materials includes primary and secondary legal materials, through data collection techniques in the form of literature studies. A conceptual approach and a statutory approach were used in this research. The data analysis technique used is a deductive data analysis technique using the syllogism method. The validity of an agreement is assessed based on an understanding of article 1313 and the main elements of the validity of an agreement based on article 1320 along with the principle of freedom of contract in article 1338 of the Civil Code. It is necessary to understand that smart contracts are required to fulfill the terms of the agreement in their implementation
NFT adalah salah satu bentuk aset dibidang seni, NFT dapat berfungsi sebagai bukti kepemilikan dan keberadaan aset digital dalam bentuk karya seni, video, foto, hingga musik. Lebih lanjut, pembuat aset digital dapat memperoleh keuntungan dari perdagangan di pasar NFT atau pertukaran secara peer-to-peer. Dengan menggunakan sistem blockchain untuk fungsi validasi dari keaslian suatu karya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah, yuridis-normatif. Metode yuridis- nasional dan merupakan pedoman sosial yang dipakai sebagai standar berperilaku. (Marzuki, 2005). Perlindungan hukum atas aset digital NFT yang dijamin keamanannya tercermin dalam UU Hak Cipta No. 28 tahun 2014. Salah cara untuk mencegah pelanggaran hak cipta oleh pencipta atau seniman karya seni adalah dengan mendaftarkan hak cipta karya seni Anda sebelum menerbitkannya di Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT).
Melalui analisis literatur yang relevan, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tantangan hukum yang dihadapi dalam mengakui keaslian NFT dan menganalisis mekanisme perlindungan hukum yang dapat diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa regulasi terkait keaslian dan hak kekayaan intelektual dapat menjadi dasar hukum yang relevan untuk perlindungan kepemilikan NFT. Undang-undang dan peraturan hak cipta tentang hak merek dagang, serta peraturan tentang perlindungan konsumen, privasi data, dan keamanan digital, memiliki peran penting dalam upaya melindungi hukum terhadap NFT. Selain itu, penggunaan smart contract dalam teknologi blockchain juga merupakan mekanisme perlindungan hukum yang efektif. Kontrak cerdas memungkinkan pemilik NFT untuk mengelola transfer kepemilikan, lisensi penggunaan, dan hak lain yang terkait dengan NFT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya perlindungan hukum atas kepemilikan NFT (Non-Fungible Token) sebagai hak kekayaan intelektual. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi pentingnya mekanisme sengketa dan penegakan hukum dalam melindungi kepemilikan NFT sebagai hak kekayaan intelektual. Peraturan yang berkaitan dengan sengketa hak kekayaan intelektual, seperti undang-undang hak cipta, memberikan dasar hukum yang sesuai untuk menyelesaikan sengketa yang melibatkan kepemilikan NFT. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perlindungan hukum atas kepemilikan NFT sebagai hak kekayaan intelektual dapat dicapai melalui kombinasi peraturan yang relevan, penggunaan kontrak cerdas, dan mekanisme sengketa yang efektif. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode literature review memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam dan komprehensif tentang upaya perlindungan hukum terhadap NFT. Penelitian ini memberikan panduan dan pemahaman yang bermanfaat bagi pemilik NFT, pakar hukum, dan pihak terkait dalam menghadapi tantangan hukum terkait kepemilikan NFT.
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai analisis yuridis transaksi Non-Fungible Token (NFT) ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Hak Cipta. Transaksi Non-Fungible Token (NFT) telah menjadi fenomena yang semakin populer dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, terutama dalam konteks seni digital dan koleksi digital. NFT adalah bentuk aset digital yang memanfaatkan teknologi blockchain untuk memberikan keunikan dan kepemilikan digital yang dapat diverifikasi. Transaksi yang dilakukan dalam jual beli karya di NFT oleh pembuat karya dan pembeli ini menimbulkan akibat hukum karena Ketika bertransaksi dalam NFT akan terjadi pembagian hak, yaitu hak cipta dan hak milik. Dalam skripsi ini terdapat rumusan masalah yakni: 1) Bagaimana Pengaturan Hukum Transaksi Non-Fungible Token Ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Hak Cipta? 2)Bagaimana Implementasi terhadap transaksi Non-Fungible Token (NFT) dalam Hak Kekayaan Intelektual? Guna menjawab rumusan masalah diatas, data yang dibutuhkan dalam skripsi ini data sekunder berupa beberapa peraturan, buku, artikel, serta beberapa literatur lainnya yang didapatkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan studi dokumen terkait dengan data dan informasi yang selanjutnya akan dianalisis dengan kajian yuridis normatif. Kemudian hasil dari sumber-sumber tersebut dideskripsikan dengan secara deskriptif analitis dengan bahasa yang baku, mudah dipahami, dan mudah dimengerti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek yuridis dari transaksi NFT, dengan fokus pada undang-undang hak cipta. Melalui pendekatan yuridis, penelitian ini akan mengeksplorasi apakah transaksi NFT melanggar atau melibatkan pelanggaran terhadap hak cipta pemegang hak asli. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pengaturan hukum terhadap Transaksi Non-Fungible Token (NFT) dalam Hak Kekayaan Intelektual suatu bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap suatu karya, untuk melindungi kepemilikan terhadap suatu karya dalam platform NFT. Perlindungan suatu karya seni tersebut yang terdiri atas hak moral dan hak ekonomi. Sesuai dengan Pasal 80 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta pengaturan transaksi Non-Fungible Token (NFT) dalam Undang-Undang Hak Cipta belum cukup untuk mengatur secara khusus dan komprehensif. Sebagaimana kesimpulan diatas, maka disarankan perubahan terhadap isi pasal 80 ayat (1) sehingga meminimalisir terjadinya pelanggaran hak cipta. “Kecuali diperjanjikan lain, pemegang Hak Cipta atau pemilik Hak Terkait berhak memberikan Lisensi kepada pihak lain berdasarkan perjanjian tertulis dan elektronik untuk me.laksanakan perbuatan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 9 ayat (1), Pasal 23 ayat (21, Pasal 24 ayat (2), dan Pasal 25 ayat (2)”.