In view of Islamic law Ethereum as a digital asset that is traded in cyberspace.The value of cryptocurrency surges and fluctuates, it is influenced by buying and selling demand. Indodax exchange is an official digital asset site in Indonesia that trades more than 40 digital currencies.The purpose of this study is to analyze whether cryptocurrency is worthy of value as money having a certain value, and also seen from the Indonesian government through Bank Indonesia has issued regulation No. 16/8/PBI/2014, which explicitly prohibits the use of bitcoin, Ethereum and altcoin for use in financial transactions in cash. So that raises research questions how the cryptocurrency law in the form of coin ethereum in Islamic law. The results of this study explain ethereum has advantages and disadvantages. Among its advantages is that users can use exchanges or transactions without a third service (bank), and can be traded at merchandise stores.However, ethereum losses are more frequent, such as fluctuating values each time, not listed as commodities, not watched by the Financial Services Authority (OJK), they present elements of gharar (uncertainty) and maysir (gambling) or (betting), which are used for money laundering and purchase of illegal drugs.Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Ethereum, Digital asset
I P S P Wardhana, Gede Rasben Dantes, Kadek Yota Ernanda Aryanto
Abstract The falsification and embezzlement of personal data are still found in several cases in the past year. The reason is personal data in physical form are easily manipulated and difficult to be distinguished from the original. The most detrimental impact is if a person’s personal data is used for credit application fraud in the banking industry. Implementation of blockchain technologies, one of which is Ethereum, allows the use of contracts as a rule that must be fulfilled by the parties involved. All stored transactions are perpetual (cannot be deleted or changed), easy to be audited, transparent, and distributed at each participating node. This study aimed to develop a smart contract for personal data transactions with a case study of credit submission at the Bank. The authors developed a trial application using the prototype method in the process of assessment. Assessment was done by black box testing method in the scope of the lab with 10 credit submission data to be transacted. It is resulting in all credit submission data can be transacted and stored in the smart contract. The interview resulted in an opinion that blockchain technology can be used to store personal data and submit credit submissions at the Bank. The results of the analysis on assessments and interviews conclude that blockchain technology can be used as a medium to store personal data and secure credit applications. For future research, testing transactions can be done on Testnet networks with changing several blocks of data.
Assistant professor of Information technology in SRM IST, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., R. Mythili*, Akkudalai Priyanka, Ruchika Prasad · 5 authors
It is necessary to keep the patient’s health history confidential as it attracts various attackers who can steal the patient’s valuable information and can lead to wrong medication which is dangerous for the patients. Healthcare using block chain provides security measures using various algorithms and one of them is consensus algorithm. Block chain is a secure gateway composed of decentralized ledger, when it comes to a specific grant of personalized access. Block chain plays a vital role when it comes to security. In Healthcare Block chain organizes the data so that transactions (i.e. Patient’s record) can be verified. Also, Block chain is decentralized ledger which is distributed in nature and has a vital role in securing the data and transactions. Block chain basically contains records in order and is arranged particularly in a block type structure.
Pemilihan Suara Secara Elektronis Menggunakan Sistem Terdesentralisasi Berbasis Blockchain Ethereum merupakan suatu sistem yang dibuat dalam bentuk aplikasi yang dapat digunakan dalam pemilihan umum. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang dimiliki oleh sistem pemilihan suara secara elektronis yang konvensional dimana integritas data belum terjamin dan data hasil suara kemungkinan dapat dirubah oleh pihak tertentu. Masalah ini dapat diselesaikan dengan membuat sistem pemilihan suara secara elektronik yang menyimpan data hasil suara pada blockchain agar integritas data dapat terjamin. Pembuatan sistem ini dilakukan menggunakan bahasa Solidity, bahasa pemrograman yang sudah Turing Complete pada Ethereum. Source code yang dijalankan akan di kompilasi menjadi Bytecode yang kemudian dijalankan pada Ethereum Virtual Machine. Program yang dibuat tersebut kemudian akan di desentralisasi kan menggunakan Blockchain. Hasil nya adalah sistem Electronic Voting yang terdesentralisasi. Sistem ini dapat diakses melalui website https://pemilurt.herokuapp.com/. Abstract Electronic Voting Using Decentralised System Based On Ethereum’s Blockchain is a system made in the form of application used for Electronic Voting. This is done to solve the current problem on conventional electronic voting system where the integrity of the data can’t be ascertain and the result of the vote can be tampered malicious actors. To solve this problem, an electronic voting system will be built that store the data of election results on blockchain to ensure the integrity of the data. The creation of the system involves using the Solidity language, a Turing Complete programming language used on Ethereum. Source code that will be run will first need to be compiled into Bytecode, which will then in turn run on Ethereum Virtual Machine. The finished program will then be decentralised using Blockchain. The result will be a decentralised Electronic Voting system that can be accessed from the website https://pemilurt.herokuapp.com/.

 LoA or Letter of Acceptance is a statement received. LoA is usually used as a statement of scholarship acceptance or even journal acceptance. In addition, the current issuance of LoA is still conventional, using paper as the access medium. This is certainly inefficient. In addition, the issuance of LoAs that can be accessed through the website also has certain problems. Many parties doubt the security of the LoA issued through the website, whether confidentiality is really maintained or not. To solve this problem, e-LoA (electronic LoA) was implemented using blockchain technology on the Technopreneurship Journal website. With the use of blockchain technology on this website, LoA data cannot be changed, duplicated or deleted. So that it can improve security and support transparency in the issuance and access of LoA. e-LoA issued through the website also makes it easier for parties to access and download a verified LoA.
This research was conducted to analyze cryptocurrency volatility. Gold, Dollar Index, and Composite Stock Prices Index in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) variable are used as independent variables. The cryptocurrency objects in this study are Bitcoin and Ethereum which have the largest market capitalization. The data used in this study is from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019. This study uses GARCH analysis. The result of this study indicates that the volatility of Bitcoin and Ethereum is not influenced by other variables, but it is influenced by the prices of each Bitcoin and Ethereum at past prices. This shows that the cryptocurrency market is an inefficient market.
Astrid Novita Putri, Mochamad Hariadi, Adhi Dharma Wibawa
Abstract Indonesia is an agricultural country, and one of the regions is Semarang Regency which well known as chili producers. Unfortunately, common issues occurred such as the fluctuation of the stock price and chili, the low exchange values of farmers in prices because of the complicated flow distribution chain. Furthermore, chili is quickly decomposed, but the demand is high enough. The solutions are to predict the demand for supply chain management, to make payment transactions of agricultural needs of farmers by analyzing stocks, raw materials, price to the chain of distribution, also to build trade links among farmers, consumers and Semarang District Agriculture Service. This journal discussed the flow of supply chain and logistics. We recommend to use the latest technology called Hyperledger Blockchain and IOT so that they can make it easier to carry out the transaction process because it is simple, low cost, transparent, faster. It also has high data security, and simplify ecosystems can be easy to exchange information quickly through Hyperledger Blockchain transactions so that the potential of this technology can bring benefits to farmers and consumers by creating the construction of a trusted distribution network that will bring a data transparency solution so that it can become a suggestion for the Semarang District Agriculture Service.

 The very rapid development of technology is currently causing a revolution digital and the era of technological disruption or known as industry 4.0. with the presence of this 4.0 industry occurred computer growth and record-keeping automation all fields. This allows every human job to be replaced by robots, causing changes in the trading system that was done directly can now be done online or also known as Marketplace. With trade conducted through the internet, the transaction process is carried out on a traditional or directly, is now turning to the digital transaction process through Internet. The transaction process carried out digitally requires accuracy, security, and good trust between seller and buyer. Management Customer Relations or better known as Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is one model that can be used in maintaining the relationship between the customer and the company. Blockchain technology is technology that is able to maintain the transaction process, to maintain management efficiency identity, tracking system implementation, identifying product authenticity, and synchronization recording data to all parties, is expected to increase trust and the relationship between the customer and the seller.
Mahadi Hasan Miraz, Mohamad Ghozali Hassan, Kamal Imran Mohd Sharif
Certain types of blockchains were made and developed for various purposes. Despite the development of cohort systems, the blockchain needs more development from the perspective of Malaysia. In addition, blockchain is the only cryptographic block currency that improves retail marketing. This study has critically analyzed the variables of the current research Framework of the blockchain implementation in retail market. Thus, this study aims to implement blockchain in retail market for increaseing customer benefits in order to improve the retail industrial supply chain activities. In order to achieve the main aim, this study comprises of two main phases, which are theorietical study, developemnt of proposed blockchain factors and its implementation. The blockchain experience of variables, blockchain management, blockchain transaction policy, blockchain adaption and implications were discussed gradually. Finally, we demonstrate the underlying theory, the theoretical framework and the hypotheses were discussed in detail.
Our current banking system is based on a central server where every branch is connected to each other. If the server made any changes to the data of a branch then other branches get affected. In this system, Corruption can be easily occurred because of unauthorized access which is totally insecure in transaction systems. But, Blockchain is a secure system where the transactional history regarding crypto-currency cannot be modified or destructed. Since 2008, Blockchain has gained immense interest due to exclusion of third-party organization participation in monitoring of the transactions. Ethereum is a protocol which is based on Blockchain technology and has several benefits over other crypto-currency based system and is best suited for creating a secure lending system. Every Ethereum based system runs on 'Smart-Contracts' which are lines of code and makes the system automated. As the system gets automated, proper algorithms can make the system reliable and secure as each and every step of the system is maintained and executed by the algorithm inside the Smart-Contracts. Blockchain systems work with peer-to-peer networks and also uses a consensus algorithm that's why there is no possibility of data modification.
Abstract The current contract system that has been running in a supply chain is not necessarily going well. Particularly, this contract was attributed by unfairness distribution of margins in each stakeholder, which causes one of the stakeholders took place as disadvantaged ones. This challenges potentially overcame by industry 4.0 paradigm constructing a smart contract system based on blockchain technology. This study aims to analyze the task of each stakeholder to achieve a transparent smart contract system and design system for a transparent smart contract that is able to provide a fair and transparent contract for each stakeholder involved in the supply chain of “Gasol flour” industry. By the existence of a smart contract, each stakeholder visibly and determine what contracts to establish and to create with other parties a transparently. The relief method used in this research provides input in the form of features needed to make a contract system in the supply chain of “Gasol flour” industry. Furthermore, these features are selected to obtain an output in the form of contract items to display in the distributed smart contract system. The selected items are input to run IF-THEN logic on the smart contract system using the M5P Tree algorithm method. The main results of this study are to obtain features that have the most influence on a transparent smart contract system and the rule of the selected feature so that a system is able to provide a fair contract for each stakeholder established in the supply chain of “Gasol flour” industry.
Research aims : This study aims to provide a perspective on the professional ethics of a millennial accountant in applying blockchain technology to improve his professionalism, and discusses the issue of blockchain ethical challenges for an accountant's profession Design/Methodology/Approach : A research approach is a qualitative approach with interviews with the millennial accountants, namely millennial corporate accountants, millennial research accountants, and millennial internal auditors. Research findings : The study results indicated that a millennial accountant in the 4.0 revolution era is required to adapt to technology. The blockchain technology extends the ethical approach to utilitarianism to a broader social level with decentralization in serving stakeholders’ information needs. Blockchain changes the task of millennial accountants who previously produced information into information evaluators. Millennial accountants must change their mindset to absorb the essence of the accountant's code of ethics and harmonize ethical values. It is the basis for acting ethically to avoid the moral dilemma of technological adaptation. Theoretical contribution/Originality : The contribution of this research for accountants is to build a moral-ethical perspective in adopting blockchain technology that prevents potential impacts on business and society and to describe the challenges that the accounting profession will face in adopting blockchain in the industrial revolution 4.0. Practitioner/Policy implication : The implications of this study illustrate that the blockchain can change perspectives in real-time accounting to reduce practitioners' mistakes from the accounting profession by considering the ethical and moral aspects of a millennial accountant. Research limitation/Implication : The limitation of this study is the first; it has not yet deepened the three challenges faced by millennial accountants in the revolutionary 4.0 era. Secondly, millennial educator accountants have not yet to be involved as interviewees.
Abstract
Blockchain, sometimes referred to as Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), makes the history of any digital
asset unalterable and transparent using decentralization and cryptographic hashing. A simple analogy for
understanding blockchain technology is a Google Doc. When we create a document and share it with a group
of people, the document is distributed instead of copied or transferred. This creates a
decentralizeddistributionchainthatgiveseveryoneaccesstothedocumentatthesametime.Nooneislocked out
awaiting changes from another party, while all modifications to the doc are being recorded in real-time,
making changes completely transparent. Blockchains are decentralized in nature meaning that no single person
or group holds the authority of the overall network. DoS attacks referring to distributed denial of service.
These attacks are very destructive in nature. In this, the hackers use many algorithms to send the request and
increase the traffic on the site till the point it is not able to receive further requests and the site
crashes.TheDDoSattackisanalogoustoagroupofpeoplecrowdingtheentrydoorofashop,makingithard
forlegitimatecustomerstoenter,thusdisruptingtrade.Theincomingtrafficoriginatesfromdifferentsources so that it
makes it challenging for the management to stop the request by simply blocking the IP address of a
singleperson.
Gamification is a set of processes that enables to solve problems by applying the characteristics of game elements. One of the significant characteristics of Gamification is ‘engaging-users.’ In Game context, Gamification techniques involves attracting players, then sustaining the players. Interaction with the players starts as soon as users enters the game like introducing players to the game and tasks. Tasks engage players and provides them with sense of fulfilment while points and rewards help with satisfaction with the game. Likewise, Gamification has been applied to various non-game contexts in various social media in order to attract maximum visitors. While Cryptocurrency Rewarding Model, that rewards users in digital currency or cryptocurrency for the time spent in social media aims for similar results. It is involved in not only attracting visitors but also engaging the visitors, so they spend more time in social media. \n \nThe purpose of this thesis is to analyze how gamification and cryptocurrency rewarding model can be applied in social media using the blockchain technology. While giving rewards to players in gaming context is usually heard of. This research analyses rewarding visitors with cryptocurrencies for their time spend on social media. The thesis further explains how user’s engagement is influenced with the help of ‘gamification’ and ‘cryptocurrency rewarding model.’ The research is carried out by distributing questionnaires to a certain group of Business and IT students in Turku. Conducting an online survey and sending out questionnaires using online resources deemed to be the most appropriate form of collecting data due to novel coronavirus pandemic.
The mHealth is a term that is used for mobile health supported by smart devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and wearable smart devices, etc. The smart devices strengthen the efficiency and effectiveness of interaction with patients, physicians, and specialists. Patients nowadays would like to be intimately involved in their diagnosis as well as to make more informed decisions concerning their care. It has begun to measure the success of the quality of treatment. This was a reason that patients trust mHealth to provide them with consistency in their communications with the physicians. Most wireless strategies do not measure up to this standard so that patient engagement ultimately ended up decreasing. The block-chain can boost mHealth through storing and sharing electronic data securely and transparently. It can enhance the accessibility of patient information in real-time. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a unique identification number to every connected device such as mobile devices, medical devices, and wearable devices. This framework uses the block-chain and IoT technologies together to provide quick help to the patients, monitor remotely, reduce the cost and unnecessarily hospitalization physically and find the real diagnosis. In order to increase patient involvement, mHealth framework with block-chain and IoT technologies has built with the key objective of providing patients with full information on their treatment and diagnosis.
Blockchain Technology become phenomenal issue in the world, emerging with bitcoin and IoT. It had been implemented in many areas in human activity. Advantages of blockchain technology is distributed ledger where resources distributed to all member in network. Loans or credit as part of human activity in their life. When we need cash for a major expense, it might be tempting to borrow from a payday lender or max out a credit card or similar, but you have other options that will not harm your credit or put you in a cycle of debt, even if your credit record is not all that great. Collateral loans could be a way to borrow the money as you need. One of which is the lending platform. Blockchain technology has been implemented in many lending platforms, but there are still any weaknesses that can be refined and optimized. Tool of analysis is SWOT, describes of four analysis, as follow: Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats. This paper purpose to analyzed lending platform measured by look for the weaknesses variable and how to optimize that system performance that can improve for helping people in lending process. In addition, the result of this analysis can use for enhancement recommendation the system based on the weaknesses are found and opportunity for make a lending platform robust
Blockchain is a decentralized and distributed ledger technology that aims to ensure transparency, data security, and integrity. There are rising interest and investment by the governments and industries in Blockchain to deliver significant cost savings and increase efficiency. Identifying Blockchain initiatives that are currently implemented in the government world-wide could improve understanding as well as set benchmarks for specific countries. However, although some review studies on Blockchain initiatives have been carried out, there are very few studies that uncover Blockchain initiatives implemented by the government in Asian countries. Hence, this study reviews Blockchain initiatives in the five-top e-government development index (EGDI) countries in Asia; South Korea, Singapore, Japan, United Arab Emirates, and Cyprus. We strategized our review methods by utilizing relevant keyword searches in existing literature, books, academic journals, conferences, and industrial reports. The results of this study will help other researchers and practitioners to recognize the current stage of Blockchain initiatives in the government of Asian countries.
The commercial real estate (CRE) industry appears to take pride in keeping several aspects of its operations private, such as comparable lease rental rates, property prices, and valuations, to create a possible competitive advantage. However, secrets are hard to keep and may not even be desired in today’s hyperconnected and digitized world. In response to greater demand for transparency, technology advancements and the disintermediation by startups are gradually making some of this information public. As a result, property-related information is increasingly available in digital and paper form. However, a significant portion of the digitized information is hosted on disparate systems, which results in a lack of transparency and efficiency, and a higher incidence of inaccuracies that creates a greater potential for fraudulence.[1] This paper aims to present the Blockchain and smart contract for a specific domain which is real estate. Currently, the real estate business online is at risk of fraudulence. The main objective of this project is to create a platform to maintain transparency in the real estate world so that no fraudulent activities can happen due to false contracts. Goal is to create tamper proof systems and to remove third party reliability for transactions. Consensus algorithms such as Proof of Work and Proof of Authority can be used to achieve consensus in the network. Blockchain uses Proof of work concept to ensure transaction denial thus helping remove denial of services. Proof of authority on the other hand ensures only authorized smart contracts pass the system.
This article discusses two important studies. First, the way the Kalibeber Wonosobo community handles waste. Second, the model of waste management in the Kalibeber Wonosobo group. This research uses a Participatory Action Research approach. This approach involves the Kalibeber community as an object and subject as well as to deal with waste. The results of this study show two important scopes. First, the Kalibeber Wonosobo community has an initiative to deal with waste. The initiative emerged because the community felt the environment was dirty, the river water flow was obstructed, and many sufferers of itching. Second, the waste management model uses decentralization. Waste management is carried out in each sub-area to be able to reuse waste (recycling). This discourse is different from other studies. The most prominent differentiating side is the active role of the community by being able to separate organic and inorganic waste. The community operates independently with a voluntary financing mechanism.Artikel ini membahas dua kajian penting. Pertama, cara masyarakat Kalibeber Wonosobo menangani sampah. Kedua, model pengelolaan sampah kelompok paguyuban peduli sampah Kalibeber Wonosobo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Action Research. Pendekatan ini melibatkan masyarakat kalibeber sebagai obyek dan subyek sekaligus untuk menangani sampah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan dua cakupan penting. Pertama, masyarakat Kalibeber Wonosobo memiliki inisiatif untuk menangani sampah. Inisiatif muncul karena masyarakat merasakan lingkungan kotor, aliran air sungai terhambat, dan banyak penderita penyakit gatal-gatal. Kedua, model pengelolaan sampah menggunakan desentralisasi. Pengelolahan sampah ini dilakukan pada setiap sub area untuk bisa memanfaatkan kembali sampah (daur ulang). Diskursus ini berbeda dengan kajian lain. Sisi pembeda yang paling menonjol, antara lain peran masyarakat yang aktif dengan mampu memisahkan sampah organik dan anorganik. Masyarakat bergerak mandiri dengan mekanisme pembiayaan secara sukarela.
blockchain is decentralized immutable ledger technology maintaining integrity. So to conduct tamperproof election it’s one of the approach towards it. Smart contracts are Self executed code that is written on Ethereum platform in blockchain. An E-voting system should be completely secure and does not allow voting twice that is double spending in blockchain. So it should be completely transparent. In research work electronic voting application is implemented and tested using smart contract on Ethereum platform with the help of metamask wallet. The results of ballots and votes will be stored on Ethereum blockchain with the help of consensus algorithm proof of stake. This consensus is used in validating a transaction with concept of majority approval. Current electronic voting system requires a centralized authority to control the procedure from ballot input to result output and for monitoring of election. While blockchain technology provide decentralized system which is open across connected nodes. Blockchain assets provide increased level of system security from hacking and fraud. Every transaction in blockchain is time-stamped and signed digitally with the help of cryptographic algorithms, and it assigns unique hash value to every block so it can be trace easily. Blockchain technology is one of solutions because it embraces a decentralized system and the entire databases are owned by many users. The blockchain technology also has much vulnerability due to which many attacks like 51% attack, Double Spending attack, DDOS attack, Sybil attack, Eclipse attack and Routing attack can be performed on it.
Giuseppe Martino Di Giuda, Giulia Pattini, Elena Seghezzi, Marco Schievano · 5 authors
This paper aims to analyze the Blockchain level of implementation, focusing on the AEC sector that has always suffered from lack of trust, incomplete sharing, and transparency of information flow throughout the process execution. In this context, the progressive introduction of BIM based on the Blockchain technology can provide a trustworthy infrastructure for information management during the design, tender, and construction phases.
Teknologi yang semakin berkembang di era globalisasi saat ini salah satunya yaitu e-voting. Hal yang sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat indonesia dalam melakukan e-voting adalah memiliki ketua dalam suatu jabatan contoh paling besar yaitu presiden. Dengan adanya e-voting akan sangat mudah dilaukan. Tetapi selalu ada permasalahan yang terjadi pada hasil pemilihan kandidat yang bisa dimanipulasi oleh siapa saja. Sehingga dari permasalahan yang terjadi dilakukan penelitian terhadap hasil pemilihan untuk mengurangi kecurangan pada pemilihan. Oleh kaena itu, penulis melakukan pengujian pengamanan hasil pemilihan, Dengan melakukan pengujian dengan bahasa pemrogaman Solidity dan smart contract menghasilkan code unik pada setiap pemilihan baru. Sehingga manipulasi hasil pemilihan tidak akan bisa dilakukan karena setiap pemilih hanya memiliki satu account dan satu address blockchain. Dari hasil pengujian penulis lakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa smart contract blockchain bisa digunakan untuk membuktikan hasil peilihan yang aman dan menciptakan e-voting yang bersifat jurdil
Anton Hasselgren, Katina Kralevska, Danilo Gligoroski, Sindre Andre Pedersen · 5 authors
BACKGROUND: Blockchain can be described as an immutable ledger, logging data entries in a decentralized manner. This new technology has been suggested to disrupt a wide range of data-driven domains, including the health domain. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to systematically review, assess and synthesize peer-reviewed publications utilizing/proposing to utilize blockchain to improve processes and services in healthcare, health sciences and health education. METHOD: A structured literature search on the topic was conducted in October 2018 relevant bibliographic databases. RESULT: 39 publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The result indicates that Electronic Health Records and Personal Health Records are the most targeted areas using blockchain technology. Access control, interoperability, provenance and data integrity are all issues that are meant to be improved by blockchain technology in this field. Ethereum and Hyperledger fabric seem to be the most used platforms/frameworks in this domain. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the endeavors of using blockchain technology in the health domain are increasing exponentially. There are areas within the health domain that potentially could be highly impacted by blockchain technology.