Blockchain Papers

David Schechtman

No abstract is available for this record.

Lee A. Smales

The cryptocurrency literature has attempted to identifying factors that explain excess returns. We utilise principal component analysis to determine whether a (small) set of factors can explain returns and whether this varies over time. We find that a substantial proportion of cryptocurrency return variation is explained by a single principal component that is highly correlated with bitcoin returns. The explanatory power of this factor is greatest for larger cryptocurrencies and increases markedly in the most recent part of the sample. Our results have implications for investors determining optimal portfolio decisions and for policymakers wary of systemic risk.

Jun Deng, Huifeng Pan, Shuyu Zhang, Bin Zou

No abstract is available for this record.

Stellan Koch

While the Internet provides enormous opportunities within development of communications and database systems it also endangers the processing of personal data unlawfully. With traditional database structure in focus the responsibility and accountability of said processed personal data was somewhat clear as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) entered the legal framework of the European Union’s member states in May 2018. Blockchain technology being the latest innovation in database structure challenges the applicability of the new regulation by introducing cryptography and a peer-to-peer distributed ledger technology. This thesis is the result of an attempt to analyze the personal data processed in public blockchains, i.e. Bitcoin, and its compliance with certain fundamental data protection rights stipulated in the GDPR such as the right to erasure of personal data. Furthermore, in relation to fundamental data protection rights violations are also subjects of accountability. While the new distributed ledger technology vastly increases the difficulty to determine a target for accountability the thesis also considers the traditional view on databases on which the GDPR was built upon. Thus, the thesis aims to further explore the relation between participants on the innovative blockchain and fundamental personal data protection rights in the GDPR.

Mark Fenwick, Erik P. M. Vermeulen

No abstract is available for this record.

Amin Beirami, Ying Zhu, Ken Q. Pu

With the emergence of large scale data collection from Internet of Things and mobile devices, the notion of trust is now an increasingly important aspect of the next generation of data processing systems. We propose a blockchain enabled relational storage system that supports immutable transactions and temporal snapshots. By embedding blockchains in relational tables, the database stores trust related information in a tamper proof fashion, making the data provenance provably verifiable. To support large query workloads, we further propose an optimization algorithm that determines the best temporal snapshots to materialize in order to minimize the total time cost of answering a given query workload. Experimental evaluation shows that our materialized snapshot approach improves the performance of large analytical query workloads by as much as 50 times.

Samer Shorman, Mohammad Allaymoun, Omer Awad Hag Hamid

concept that is applicable to trade transaction and services providing, using information technology. This is known as e-commerce thatis a means of communicating informationproducts or services through technical tools. This research proposed model is able to take advantage of Blockchain technology to develop e-commerce especially consumer toconsumer. The proposed model adds some advantages to ecommerce operations, and the possibility of developing them to reach a high percentage of profits by using blockchain technology which led to verify the information of products offered for sale. In addition, to the possibility of distributing feedback to all Blockchain users, through which it develops the mechanism of trust and cooperation between consumers, it is considered a reference point to explore the behaviour of commercial consumers which is stored in the data file of consumers. This model facilitates business processes between consumer andconsumer, eliminates the central role of large business companies in controlling and setting restrictions, and to the development and expansion of this type of trade.

Kiju Park

No abstract is available for this record.

Віктор Євстафійович Загородній, В. Є. Загородній, Виктор Евстафьевич Загородний, Viktor Ye. Zahorodnii · 15 authors

Zahorodnii V. E. The establishment of cryptocurrency / V. E. Zahorodnii, V. V. Tishchenko, V. A. Dyntu // ECHR’s Jurisprudence in Digital Era : proceedings of the Int. sci. conf. (Odesa, May 31 – June 1, 2019) / MES of Ukraine, Nat. Univ. “Odes. Acad. of Law”, SRC NALSU ; exec. eds. H. A. Ulianova, V. A. Tuliakov. – Odesa : Publishing house “Helvetika”, 2019. – P. 114-117.

Till Sänger

No abstract is available for this record.

Frida Gustafsson, Elias Bengtsson

No abstract is available for this record.

Maxim Zuev

This article represents the chronology of the use of digital currency by professional participants in the US financial market. There are indicated main participants of the digital currency market using this asset for investment and speculative purposes. There are described their actions on the digital currency market. There are analyzed possible stages of the development of the digital currency market. Digital currency Bitcoin and Ethereum are represented. Attention is paid to the innovations of the JP Morgan Chase Corporation, the Facebook Corporation. There are described new exchange assets introduced by Cboe, CME Group, and Bakkt.

İbrahim Korkmaz Kahraman, Habib Küçükşahin, Emin ÇAĞLAK

Getirilerin normal dağıldığı varsayımını temel alan öngörü modelleri sığ piyasalarda yeterince başarılı performans sergileyememektedir. Bu modeller, özellikle yüksek oynaklık gösteren piyasalarda ulaşılabilecek uç noktaların öngörüsünde daha fazla başarısızlık göstermekte ve bu durum da yatırımcıları volatilite tahminlemesine yöneltmektedir. Bahsedilen durumlar çerçevesinde, çalışmada finansal yatırımcılar için alternatif yatırım aracı olarak görülen ve piyasalarında yüksek oynaklıkların görüldüğü kripto paraların volatilite tahmininde Tekil Oynaklık Modelleri (ARCH, GARCH, T-GARCH, GARCH-M, E-GARCH, I-GARCH) ile uzun hafıza modelleri (AP-GARCH ve C-GARCH) kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca oynaklık tahmini için yararlanılan modeller arasından en uygun model test edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, kripto para piyasası içerisinde en yüksek piyasa değerine sahip, Bitcoin, Ethereum ve Ripple para birimlerinin 24/08/2016-07/05/2018 tarihleri arası fiyat verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, Bitcoin ve Ethereum için şokların volatilite etkisi kalıcı ve pozitif şokların etkisi negatif şokların etkisinden daha fazla iken Ripple için şokların volatiliteye etkisi geçici karakterde ve oynaklığın geçişkenliği kısa dönemli olmaktadır.

Andrejs Cekuls, Maximilian-Benedikt Koehn

The market of virtual currencies, called cryptocurrency, has grown immensely since 2008 in terms of market
\ncapitalisation and the numbers of new currencies. Bitcoin is one of the most famous cryptocurrency with an estimated
\nmarket capitalisation of nearly $ 69 billion. The fact that Bitcoin prices have fallen about 70% from their peak value and
\nmost indices were down double-digit year to date (2018) with a high daily volatility create the appearance that there has
\nto be a correlation.
\nThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the contagion effect between Bitcoin prices and the leading American,
\nEuropean and Asian equity markets using the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) model proposed by Engle and
\nSheppard (2001).
\nContagion is defined in this context as the statistical break in the computed DCCs as measured by the shifts in their
\nmeans and medians. Even it is astonishing that the contagion is lower during price bubbles, the main finding indicates the
\npresence of contagion in the different indices among the three continents and proves the presence of structural changes
\nduring the Bitcoin bubble. Moreover, the analysis shows that specific market indices are more correlated with the Bitcoin
\nprice than others.

Christoph H.-J. Braun, Tobias Käfer

We showcase our approach to verify off-chained information using Linked Data, Smart Contracts, and RDF graph hashes stored on a Distributed Ledger. In this demo, we present our implementation and a use case from the supply chain domain.

Amr El Abbadi

Significant paradigm shifts are occurring in Access patterns are widely dispersed and large scale analysis requires real-time responses. Many of the fundamental challenges have been studied and explored by both the distributed systems and the database communities for decades. However, the current changing and scalable setting often requires a rethinking of basic assumptions and premises. The rise of the cloud computing paradigm with its global reach has resulted in novel approaches to integrate traditional concepts in novel guises to solve fault-tolerance and scalability challenges. This is especially the case when users require real-time global access. Exploiting edge cloud resources becomes critical for improved performance, which requires a reevaluation of many paradigms, even for a traditional problem like caching. The need for transparency and accessibility has led to innovative ways for managing large scale replicated logs and ledgers, giving rise to blockchains and their many applications. In this talk we will be explore some of these new trends while emphasizing the novel challenges they raise from both distributed systems as well as database points of view. We will propose a unifying framework for traditional consensus and commitment protocols, and discuss novel protocols that exploit edge computing resources to enhance performance. We will highlight the advantages and discuss the limitations of blockchains. Our overall goal is to explore approaches that unite and exploit many of the significant efforts made in distributed systems and databases to address the novel and pressing needs of today's global computing infrastructure.

Falilat O. Jimoh, Usman Gambo Abdullahi, Isa Ali Ibrahim

Journal of Anthropology and Archaeology is a peer-reviewed international journal, which publishes original papers promoting theoretical, methodological and empirical developments in the discipline of socio-cultural anthropology.

Mario Pichler, Marcus Meisel, Andrija Goranović, Kurt Leonhartsberger · 9 authors

This paper provides a snapshot of the globally ongoing decentralization of (business) relations in the energy sector. This tendency can be observed in other domains as well and is accompanied by new digital technological developments. Blockchain technology is assigned disruptive potential when it comes to realize those decentralization ideas. This hype about Blockchain is mainly company-driven without a solid academic basis yet. The authors are currently involved in several research efforts for utilizing distributed energy resources like photovoltaic systems, batteries and electric cars for the setup of energy communities and marketplaces. The paper, therefore, presents detailed investigations of background and motivations for decentralization and the building of (local) energy communities and (peer-to-peer) marketplaces for sustainable utilization of renewable energies. An overview of recent related Blockchain-based works is presented, and the current state and feasibility for the realization of the envisioned decentralized solutions are discussed. In this way, the work aimed at contributing to a research-based decision foundation for upcoming Blockchain-based decentralization efforts.

Clemens Brunner, Fabian Knirsch, Dominik Engel

No abstract is available for this record.

Mathilda Wihlborg

Kan bitcoin utmatas? En uppsats som behandlar mojligheterna att utmata bitcoin i ljuset av utsokningsbalken.

Solmaz Besharat.

Bitcoin is a virtual currency that is now known as a decentralized payment system that can transfer money through the computer without having to go to a bank or institution. Bitcoin now becomes a popular method of payment in exchange for goods and services. This has been and continues to be used by some people for illegal activities and to promote crimes. Being decentralized means that it is issued without a central administration authority. To achieve a precise business with Bitcoin, it is necessary to eliminate current barriers and prepare for the acceptance of new technologies in digital currency. This document discusses the challenges of Bitcoin as a virtual currency and we do not intend to cover all aspects of Bitcoin.

Jackie Johnson

No abstract is available for this record.

Oona Arlene Buttafoco

The issue of food traceability is one that affects a great number of sectors and policy areas. Within the EU, there is increasing demand from consumers, businesses and institutions to have more direct access to information about how food is produced, transformed, and distributed. Currently, however, practices in the industry are very much open to human error. Databases are highly vulnerable to inaccuracies and hacking, as well as deliberate faults caused by corruption or fraudulent conduct. With food traceability being so closely related to trade and public health issues, there is arguably increasing incentive for the EU to seek alternative tools to increase transparency and accountability throughout supply chains. Consequently, this paper will examine a possible alternative to current practices by evaluating the applicability of 'blockchain' technology, namely a system of digitised, decentralised ledgers, which could allow key stakeholders to access information about the provenance of food immediately, comprehensively and securely. The analysis will focus specifically on Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO), one of the most adulterated products in the food industry, identifying gaps and opportunities in current traceability systems. The research question tackled in this paper, therefore, may be formulated as follows: how and to what extent could blockchain technology constitute a sustainable solution for improving the traceability of EVOO within the EU? The paper begins with a brief overview of the issue and an explanation of the research methodology used, followed by an elaboration of key terms and concepts and a detailed explanation of the principles underlying blockchain technology. Subsequently, the key challenges and opportunities associated with blockchain-based traceability systems are examined through a case study, followed by an analysis aimed at assessing the sustainability of blockchain solutions for the EVOO sector. The conclusion, lastly, provides an overview of relevant findings and proposes a final assessment.

Luca Brunese, Francesco Mercaldo, Alfonso Reginelli, Antonella Santone

Blockchain technology is one of the most important and disruptive technologies in the world. Multiple industries are adopting the blockchain technology to innovate the way they work. One of the industries that are looking to adopt the blockchain is the healthcare industry. In fact, the protection of the private information stored in hospital database is a critical issue. In this paper we propose a method aimed to protect information exchanged in hospital networks, with particular regard to magnetic resonance images. As required from blockchain technology, each host network must validate the transiting data network: we exploit formal equivalence checking to perform this validation, by modeling magnetic resonance images in terms of automata by exploiting radiomic features.