Cryptoeconomic incentives in the form of blockchain-based tokens are seen as an enabler of the sharing economy that could shift society towards greater sustainability. Nevertheless, knowledge of the impact of these tokens on human sharing behavior is still limited and this poses a challenge to the design of effective cryptoeconomic incentives. This study applies the theory of self-determination to investigate the impact of such tokens on human behavior in an information-sharing scenario. By utilizing an experimental methodology in the form of a randomized control trial with a 2x2 factorial design involving 132 participants, the effects of two token incentives on human information-sharing behavior are analyzed. Individuals obtain these tokens in exchange for their shared information. Based on the collected tokens, individuals receive a monetary payment and build reputation. Besides investigating the effect of these incentives on the quantity of shared information, the study includes quality characteristics of the information, such as accuracy and contextualization. The focus on quantity while excluding quality has been identified as a limitation in previous work. In addition to confirming previously known effects such as a crowding-out of intrinsic motivation by incentives, which also exists for blockchain-based tokens, the findings of this paper point to a hitherto unreported interaction effect between multiple tokens when applied simultaneously. The findings are critically discussed and put into the context of recent work and ethical considerations. The theory-based-empirical study is of interest to those investigating the effect of cryptoeconomic tokens or digital currencies on human behavior and supports the community in the design of effective personalized incentives for sharing economies.
Aim/Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the factors driving individuals’ behavioral intention to use cryptocurrency in Saudi Arabia using the extended TRA model. Background: Despite the great potential of cryptocurrencies and the exponential growth of cryptocurrency use throughout the world, scholarly research on this topic remained scarce. Whereas prior studies are mostly done in developed countries or specific cultural contexts, limiting the generalizability of their results, they mainly used technology adoption models that cannot fully explain the acceptance of new technology involved with financial transactions such as cryptocurrency and provided contradictory evidence. Entire regions have been excluded from the research on this topic, including Saudi Arabia which has a high potential to increase the volume of cryptocurrency use. Methodology: This study extends the theory of reasoned action (TRA) with the factors from technology adoption models that proved relevant for this topic, namely perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, perceived innovativeness, and perceived risk with three sub-factors: security, financial, and privacy risk. Data are collected using a quantitative research methodology from 181 respondents residing in Saudi Arabia and then analyzed by several methods, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM). Contribution: This study contributes to the scientific knowledge by extending the TRA model with a range of factors from the technology adoption field, thus enabling the analysis of this topic from human, financial, and technology perspectives and providing additional empirical evidence on the factors that previously either provided contradictory evidence or were not explored in this field. This research also provides the first empirical data on this topic in Saudi Arabia and enables further research on the topic and a comparison of the results. The study also contributes to practice by enhancing the actual understanding of the phenomena and providing valuable information and recommendations for governments, investors, merchants, developers, and the general population. Findings: The study found attitude, subjective norm, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, personal innovativeness, privacy risk, and financial risk as significant predictors of the intention to use cryptocurrencies, whereas the influence of security risk was not found to be significant in Saudi Arabia. Recommendations for Practitioners: Using this study’s results, governments can create appropriate legal frameworks, developers can design fewer complex platforms, and merchants may create appropriate campaigns that emphasize the benefits of cryptocurrency use and transpire trust in cryptocurrency transactions by enhancing the factors with a positive impact, such as usefulness, enjoyment, and personal innovativeness while reducing concerns of potential users regarding the risky factors. By promoting a positive user experience, they can also improve attitudes and social norms towards cryptocurrencies, thus further stimulating the interest in their use. Recommendation for Researchers: As this study validated the influence of factors from technology, financial, and human-related fields, researchers may follow this approach to ensure a comprehensive analysis of this complex topic, especially as privacy risk was never examined in this context, while personal innovativeness, perceived enjoyment, financial, and security risk were explored in just a few studies. It is also recommended that researchers explore the impact of each part of subjective norms: social media, friends, and family, as well as how information on the benefits of cryptocurrencies affects the perception of the factors included. Impact on Society: Understanding the factors affecting cryptocurrency use can help utilize the full potential of cryptocurrencies, especially their benefits for developing countries reflected in safe, speedy, and low-cost financial transactions with no need for an intermediary. The research model of this study could also be used to investigate this topic in other contexts to discover similarities and differences, as well as to investigate other information systems. Future Research: Future studies should test this research model in similar and different contexts to determine whether its validity and study results depend on cultural and contextual factors. They can also include different or additional variables, or use mixed methods, as interviews would augment the comprehension of this topic. Future studies may also explore whether the impact of variables would remain the same if circumstances changed or use cases expanded, and how the preferences of the target population would change within a longitudinal time frame.
Gartner's Technology Hype Cycle has Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) at the peak of the hype cycle in 2021 while not even having appeared on the hype cycle in 2020. This exploratory study looks at the spread of the hype from a social media context by examining all tweets related to #NFT. We find evidence that the communities are highly dynamic in nature which is indicative of a decentralized social movement with no strong leaders. Sentiment regarding NFTs was strongly positive across all communities with no indication of any growing negative sentiment. The community expanded at exponential rates throughout the period of study with the communities becoming more interlinked and sharing more content over time. This analysis provides a foundation on which future NFT studies, or alternative emergent technology studies could build upon.
DPoS (delegated proof of stake) is one of the current mainstream blockchain consensus mechanisms,and the unique node election mechanism makes it form an evolving blockchain community.Analyzing the evolution model of the blockchain community can discover the potential risks of the consensus mechanism,which has very important research significance.For the DPoS consensus mechanism blockchain data,a novel combination analysis method of the consensus mechanism effectiveness is proposed,and a set of visual analysis methods are designed to help users analyze the evolutionary model of the blockchain community from multiple angles.First,it quantifies the difference between the degree of completion of the work and the voting ranking before and after the node ranking change and analyzes the selection efficiency and incentive efficiency of the consensus mechanism;then,it focuses on the combined efficiency of the consensus mechanism,the evolution of the geographical distribution of nodes,and the comparison of the evolutionary differences between nodes and designs visual views and interactive means;finally,it designs and implements a visual analysis system of blockchain community evolution based on the DPoS consensus mechanism based on the real data of the EOS main chain and verifies the usability and effectiveness of this method through case studies and expert evaluation.
Studien syftar till att undersöka hur influencer marketing påverkar konsumenternas attityd och trovärdighet gentemot marknadsförda Non-Fungible Token (NFT) projekt. Begreppet influencer marketing syftar till marknadsföringsstrategin som handlar om att utveckla relationer med influencers som sedan marknadsför en produkt eller varumärke för att påverka sina följare. Strategin används av företag inom olika marknadsområden för att kunna förmedla och rekommendera produkter på ett mer trovärdigt sätt. Många konsumenter upplever att marknadsföring av företag är för kommersiellt vilket leder till mindre trovärdighet. Genom att använda sig av influencers för att marknadsföra produkter, kan detta stärka trovärdigheten och information som förmedlas. Influencer marketing används även för att påverka konsumenter vid köp av NFT som blivit en populär trend att investera i eftersom det är en digital tillgång i form av konst och samlarobjekt. NFT köps online genom kryptovalutor och certifierar sedan en unik digital tillgång till sin ägare. Däremot finns det stora kunskapsluckor inom NFT vilket ställer högre krav på influencers expertis för att kunna få en högre trovärdighet av konsumenter, dessutom är NFT-marknaden volatil då priset korrelerar med Herding behavior och inlägg från sociala medier. Den instabila NFT-marknaden ihop med osäkerheten kring influencers trovärdighet skapar en försämrad effekt av förtroende i två olika led, dels influencer marketing och NFT. Studien baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer med totalt 8 respondenter. Frågorna som formats i intervjuguiden har utgått från det teoretiska ramverket med teorier om influencer marketing, AIDA, Source Credibility, Herding behavior och Electronic word-of-mouth. Teorierna är viktiga faktorer för att förstå och generera kunskap om hur konsumenter påverkas av influencers gällande NFT. Resultatet av studien visar att influencers har en tydlig och allmän stor påverkan på konsumenter. Dock är denna påverkan till en viss gräns och skiljer sig beroende på konsumenters tidigare erfarenheter. Om konsumenter är nya inom NFT har influencers haft en direkt påverkan på köpbeslut, medans för de kunniga konsumenterna, blir påverkan endast till att bli uppmärksamma konsumenterna om NFT-projekt som presenteras. Sedan tas egna analyser och beslut självständigt av konsumenterna. Resultatet visar även att expertis är en vital faktor för att öka influencers trovärdighet, samt att nyansering och perspektiv av NFT-projekt är något som uppskattas av konsumenter.
Pod koniec 2021 roku szacowano, że 300 milionów osób na całym świecie posiadało jakąś formę kryptowaluty. Dwie największe dźwignie popularności kryptowalut to DeFi i NFT. Gdy na początku 2021 roku NFT, czyli niewymienialne tokeny, wzbudziły lawinę transakcji detalicznych, duże marki zaczęły zwracać na to uwagę. NFT dają możliwość zachowania cyfrowego IP i aktywowania społeczności internetowych w sposób, który nigdy wcześniej nie był osiągalny. Jednakże, jak dotąd, nie obserwuje się "web3-natywnego" podejścia do NFT ze strony dużych marek. Oznacza to, że żadna marka nie zmieniła swojej architektury Web 2.0 i nie zastąpiła jej całkowicie strukturą Web 3.0. Zamiast tego, globalne firmy przyjęły bardziej ostrożne podejście, udostępniając kolekcje NFT jako odrębne człony swojej oferty, a zarazem stymulując rozwój skupionych wokół nich społeczności. Tę fazę, którą można określić mianem Web 2.5, cechuje stopniowe wdrażanie nowych technologii, takich jak NFT, z korzyścią zarówno do samej lansującej je marki, jak i dla konsumentów. Producenci połączyli to, co najlepsze w Web 3.0, ze sprawdzonymi modelami rozwoju i promocji Web 2.0. Zasadniczo tym właśnie jest Web 2.5: stapianiem innowacyjnych technologii web3, m.in. NFT, z infrastrukturą Web 2.0 i tworzeniem środowiska, które zapewnia odbiorcom silne immersyjne doświadczenia kształtujące więź z marką. Procesy te przedstawiam w artykule na przykładzie marek z sektora mody i sztuki.
Cryptocurrencies have experienced exponential growth in the 10 years after their discovery in 2009.Despite the popularity of cryptocurrencies as an investment, there is still much to be understood about the factors that influence cryptocurrency investment.This study seeks to find the influence of behavioral finance factors, specifically herding, heuristics, and prospects on investment decision for millennials and gen Z in Indonesia.The research method used is multiple regression with several stages including reliability and validity tests, descriptive analysis, and hypothesis testing analysis.With a sample of 140 respondents, it is concluded that herding and heuristic factors have a significant influence on investment decisions in the cryptocurrency market, while the prospect factor does not have a significant influence on investment decisions in the cryptocurrency market.The results of this study indicate that non-fundamental factors are still high as reflected in herding and heuristics on millennials and gen Z investors in Indonesia.Another implication is that many investment decisions are "not yet" sound in a very dynamic situation in the cryptocurrency market.
With advances in internet technologies, innovative industrialization applying big data-based artificial intelligence is leading Industry 4.0. However, opportunities for the public to learn about virtual cryptocurrency or utilities based on blockchain technology are limited, except for Bitcoin. This lack of opportunities generates misunderstandings. This study ascertained and examined the determinants affecting the acceptance of new technologies on Jeju Island, Korea, where tourism is the dominant business. A total of 537 Jeju-do residents and potential visitors from the mainland were analyzed by conducting a partial least squares (PLS)- structural equation modeling (SEM) and one-group pretest–posttest design through a survey after observing a video clip on blockchain implementation on YouTube. The empirical analysis results showed the effect of blockchain trust transparency on the performance and effort expectancy. Facilitating conditions were found to be the most influential in blockchain technology acceptance. Following a video experiment introducing blockchain implementation as a currency for Jeju tourism, a significant positive change towards the implementation of blockchain was observed. This paper presents a concrete application of blockchain technology and shows the possibility of using social media (YouTube) to elicit user awareness and potential interest in the domestic tourism market.
Simone Casale-Brunet, Mirko Zichichi, Lee Hutchinson, Marco Mattavelli · 5 authors
This paper presents an analysis of the role of social media, specifically Twitter, in the context of non-fungible tokens, better known as NFTs. Such emerging technology framing the creation and exchange of digital object, started years ago with early projects such as "CryptoPunks" and since early 2021, has received an increasing interest by a community of people creating, buying, selling NFT's and by the media reporting to the general public. In this work it is shown how the landscape of one class of projects, specifically those used as social media profile pictures, has become mainstream with leading projects such as "Bored Ape Yacht Club", "Cool Cats" and "Doodles". This work illustrates how heterogeneous data was collected from the Ethereum blockchain and Twitter and then analysed using algorithms and state-of-art metrics related to graphs. The initial results show that from a social network perspective, the collections of most popular NFTs can be considered as a single community around NFTs. Thus, while each project has its own value and volume of exchange, on a social level all of them are primarily influenced by the evolution of values and trades of "Bored Ape Yacht Club" collection.
Open access
3 source records
Digital Marketing and Social Media
Social Media and Politics
Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Non-fungible token (NFT) trade has grown drastically over recent years. While scholarship on the technical aspects and potential applications of NFTs has been steadily increasing, less attention has been directed to the human perception of or attitudes toward this new type of digital asset. The aim of this research is to investigate what concerns are expressed in relation to non-fungible tokens by those who engage with NFTs on the social media platform Twitter. In this study, data was gathered through online social media data mining of NFT-related posts on Twitter. Two datasets (with 18,373 and 36,354 individual tweet records, respectively) were obtained. Topic modeling was used as a method of data analysis. Our results reveal 19 overall themes of concerns around NFTs as expressed on Twitter, which broadly fall into two categories: concerns about attacks and threats by third parties; and concerns about trading and the role of marketplaces. Overall, this study offers a better understanding of the expressions of concern, uncertainty, and the perception of possible barriers related to NFT trading. These findings contribute to theoretical insight and can, moreover, function as a basis for developing practical design and policy interventions.
Open access
Digital Marketing and Social Media
Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
Δαμιανός Π. Σακάς, Nikolaos T. Giannakopoulos, Νίκος Κανέλλος, Stavros P. Migkos
Nowadays, the cryptocurrency market is thriving, through the rise in cryptocurrency trading, opening the way for cryptocurrency trading websites’ optimization. Optimization of customer satisfaction is a vital part of cryptocurrency trade organizations’ digital marketing problems. It is vital to keep digital advertisement costs low while driving more traffic to a website. This study aims to define a digital marketing strategy for cryptocurrency trading websites by utilizing digital behavior metrics. Web analytics data were gathered from 10 world-leading cryptocurrency trade websites over 80 days. Statistical analysis of cryptocurrency trade web analytics, Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping modeling, and Agent-Based Model development have been deployed. Enhancement of cryptocurrency trade digital engagement levels can boost organizations’ SEO and SEM strategy campaigns. Outputs of the study provide a handful of insights regarding cryptocurrency trading websites’ digital promotion strategy optimization and the parameters of digital behavior mostly connected with websites’ digital marketing costs and traffic. Cryptocurrency trade organizations should utilize both organic and paid campaigns, observe regularly their website KPIs connected with visitors’ behavior and enhance their website users’ experience, by increasing their engagement.
This study aimed to determine the effect of behavior factors and social demography on the investment decision in cryptocurrency in the Greater Jakarta area. The method used in this study is partial least square (PLS) using the SmartPLS software application. The behavior factor variables used in this study are overconfidence, herd behavior, subjective norm, and awareness variables. This study also used social demography moderating variables in age, gender, occupation, education, and investment experience on 400 respondents in the Greater Jakarta area. The test results show that only overconfidence and awareness variables have a significant positive effect on decisions to invest in cryptocurrency and subjective norms variables that have no significant positive effect but can be moderated by social demographic factors such as age and investment experience. In addition, other variables have no significant positive effect. They cannot be moderated by social demographic factors such as age, gender, occupation, and investment experience on the decisions of cryptocurrency investors in Greater Jakarta area. Our study contributes to developing knowledge, insight, skills and analyzing researchers, especially regarding the influence of behavioral factors and social demography on investment decisions in cryptocurrency.
With blockchain technology as its foundation, the rise of Web3 and associated token economics promises unprecedented and fundamental changes in areas of ownership, governance, finance and engagement. The power of true ownership of digital assets, immutability and portability across worlds, platforms, and communities is changing how individuals and companies engage. Smart contracts enable new programmable commercial constructs which provide coded guarantees without the notion of a human guarantor. These powerful concepts of immutable record-keeping, true ownership, guaranteed transaction execution lay the foundation of the future of a Decentralized Customer Experience (DCX). This paradigm shift opens-up untapped opportunities and addressable markets in the CX space such as the empowerment of consumers in decentralized autonomous organizations, new business and commercial models, brand managemet & lifetime loyalty (aka. ‘super fan’), community-intrinsic marketing, and enablement & certification. This leads to industry-specific value cases and their monetization in healthcare, insurance, retail, consumer goods, and high-tech and the software industry. This article proposes the definition of a new market category called DCX unlocked by the impact of Web3 and blockchain technology onto the customer experience space and assesses new addressable markets spanning across almost any industry.
Purpose This paper analyzes global interest in Internet information about decentralized finance (DeFi), embedded finance (EmFi), open finance (OpFi), ocean finance (OcFi) and sustainable finance (SuFi) and the relationship among them. Design/methodology/approach The paper used a comparative methodology based on regression and correlation analyses to assess global interest in Internet information about DeFi, EmFi, OpFi, OcFi and SuFi. Findings The findings reveal that global interest in Internet information about EmFi was more popular in Asian and European countries. Global web search for Internet information about OcFi decreased during the financial crisis while global web search for Internet information about OpFi and EmFi increased during financial crisis years. Global web search for Internet information about DeFi, SuFi and EmFi increased during the pandemic years. There is a significant and positive correlation between interest in DeFi, EmFi, OcFi and SuFi. Also, there is a significant and negative correlation between interest in EmFi and interest in OpFi. The regression coefficient matrix shows that OpFi, EmFi, OcFi, DeFi and SuFi are significantly related. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first paper that analyses the association between interest in DeFi, EmFi, OpFi, OcFi and SuFi. Thus, this study addressed an important knowledge gap in the literature by exploring people’s interest in Internet information about DeFi, EmFi, OpFi, OcFi and SuFi.
Brett Martin, Polymeros Chrysochou, Carolyn Strong, Di Wang · 5 authors
Markets for cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin have experienced tremendous growth. Yet little research has examined why people want to buy cryptocurrencies that are risky investments. The present research studies a subset of people interested in cryptocurrencies. Specifically, we examine the effect of Dark Tetrad traits (Machiavellianism, subclinical narcissism, subclinical psychopathy, and subclinical sadism) on a person's crypto attitude and buying intention. The following mediators were examined as reasons for people buying crypto: (1) conspiracy beliefs (e.g., distrust of government), (2) positivity and (3) fear of missing out (FoMO). Importantly, we are not suggesting all crypto buyers exhibit Dark Tetrad traits. Based on a pre-registered survey of the main research question rather than hypotheses (N = 566), it was found that narcissism was positively associated with crypto attitude which was mediated by positivity. Machiavellianism was associated with buying intention which was mediated by conspiracy beliefs. Machiavellians were more distrustful of government which was associated with a greater desire to buy crypto. Psychopathy affected crypto judgments through FoMO and a negative effect on positivity. Sadism is associated with FoMO and a lack of positivity which affects crypto judgments.
E-commerce has developed greatly in recent years, as such, its regulations have become one of the most important research areas in order to implement a sustainable market. The analysis of a large amount of reviews data generated in the shopping process can be used to facilitate regulation: since the review data is short text and it is easy to extract the features through deep learning methods. Through these features, the sentiment analysis of the review data can be carried out to obtain the users’ emotional tendency for a specific product. Regulators can formulate reasonable regulation strategies based on the analysis results. However, the data has many issues such as poor reliability and easy tampering at present, which greatly affects the outcome and can lead regulators to make some unreasonable regulatory decisions according to these results. Blockchain provides the possibility of solving these problems due to its trustfulness, transparency and unmodifiable features. Based on these, the blockchain can be applied for data storage, and the Long short-term memory (LSTM) network can be employed to mine reviews data for emotional tendencies analysis. In order to improve the accuracy of the results, we designed a method to make LSTM better understand text data such as reviews containing idioms. In order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, different experiments were used for verification, with all results showing that the proposed method can achieve a good outcome in the sentiment analysis leading to regulators making better decisions.
Inessa Tyan, Mariemma I. Yagüe, Antonio Jesús Guevara Plaza
This study aims to move forward a blockchain tourism research and add understanding regarding blockchain adoption in the tourism industry. Grounded theory method based literature review was applied as a research methodology. Based on the literature review, the authors developed a conceptual model of blockchain adoption in tourism by defining casual, context, intervening conditions that affect blockchain adoption and outlining the consequences of blockchain adoption on the tourism sector. This research will contribute to the blockchain adoption literature as well as will give answers to the industry practitioners on how this innovative technology can be adopted and whether it worth investments or not.
The specific purposes of this study are (1) to analyze whether there is a difference in the recognition of tourists in the functions of currency according to the type of currency spent by tourists before and after COVID-19; (2) to identify why tourists employ Bitcoin among the functions of currency; and (3) to identify tourists’ intentions to continue to using Bitcoin according to the degree of recognition of the function of virtual currency in Korea. Both quantitative and qualitative methods, including a one-way analysis of variance, a paired t-test, a simple regression analysis, and an in-depth interview, were employed. One of the conclusions implies that tourists in a tourism destination still prefer paying with cash rather than paying with card or virtual currency. Moreover, the study discovered that tourists count more on virtual currency and prepare for a future with virtual currency when a factor that has an unstable impact on social economy, such as COVID-19, happens. As to the functions of Bitcoin, tourists appeared to place a great importance on its storage, value, satisfaction, convenience, and investment. Additionally, the study showed that tourists intend to continue using Bitcoin due to the same satisfaction, convenience, and investment attributed to Bitcoin. More discussion and implications were provided.
In the first half of 2020, the average sales volume of gallery operators declined due to the COVID-19 pandemic and art galleries faced a crisis relating to their sustainable operation. However, crypto art finance, which combines online sales with blockchain, is attracting a considerable amount of attention. Can the use of blockchain solve the problems encountered in today’s art trading market? Is it considered acceptable by participants in the art trading market? What factors affect the behavioral intentions of blockchain technology users? In this study, we discussed the relationship between perceived risks and the three external variables of trust, government support, and auction house initiative, as well as their impacts on user attitudes and behavioral intentions regarding blockchain. The results of this study verified key factors that will help to increase the use of blockchain and solve existing market issues. It will also promote the sustainable operation and development of art enterprises and the market.
Purpose Based on the concepts confined in Ajzen's theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study investigates users' attitudes towards adoption of a blockchain-based framework in the esports industry that proposes a scheme of rewarding stakeholders for their invested attention along with blockchain technology's inherent protocols. Design/methodology/approach The present study uses RStudio (Version 1.3.1093) package RedditExtractoR for scraping and analysis of the discussion referring to the keyword “Verasity” on the Reddit website. The final corpus of 1,913 user comments was considered for the study. Sentiment analysis was initially conducted to explore the semantic orientation of the users concerning Verasity. This was followed by generalized equation modeling to analyze the impact of social media attributed to the users' commenting behavior. Findings The study found that Redditors, in general, have a positive attitude towards the adoption of a blockchain-based esports platform. This was validated through the empirical findings. The regression model states that there is a significant positive impact of the positivity in the comments over the Redditors' attitude and in their commenting behavior. Originality/value This study offers a new understanding of key contributing attributes of sentiment formation over social media concerning a blockchain-based esports framework. The study also establishes an empirical relationship between the social media attributes and the commenting behavior of Redditors. Finally, the current study offers valuable insights into social media engagements and the selection of highly influential Redditors for practicing marketing managers.
Abstract This study aims to demonstrate that technological innovation in tourism represents a paradigm shift in law and is also changing the competition between tourist destinations. Technological innovation in the tourism sector is increasing the volume of data processing and calls for greater and more consistent (detailed) legal protection to combat dangers to private life, such as exclusion from ‘digital life’. The topics covered by the study include data processing in hospitality contracts, the enrichment of guest profiles, newsletter marketing, guest passes or discount cards in travel package contracts, and the question of whether data processing is necessary for fulfilling smart tourism contracts. The theoretical framework is based on contract and data protection law principles relating to purpose, data avoidance and transparency, the privacy rule by design and by default. The methodological approach is based on a careful balancing and weighing of the legal goods and values, and an assessment of the normative parameters. This research is responding to the need to develop appropriate policies on transformative innovations and is addressing different concerns relating to the adoption and diffusion of technological trends in tourism.
Δαμιανός Π. Σακάς, Nikolaos T. Giannakopoulos, Dimitrios P. Reklitis, Thomas K. Dasaklis
In future years, airline companies will be leaning more and more towards cryptocurrencies to implement their digital marketing strategies as leaders seek to gain an understanding of the factors affecting airlines’ visibility parameters. Cryptocurrency investment websites are currently experiencing rising demand, making them an appropriate site for paid advertisements. The above factors suggest the need for airlines to harvest cryptocurrency investment and platform users in their favour. To this end, it can be beneficial for airlines’ web promotions to link certain web analytics metrics to cryptocurrency trading site metrics. For research purposes, web analytics data were monitored and gathered for 2 consecutive years from 10 globally leading cryptocurrency trading companies and 10 airline websites. A three-stage model was adopted by the authors. In the first stage, statistical analysis was implemented using cryptocurrency and airline metrics, followed by fuzzy cognitive mapping and agent-based modelling stages. The findings of the study indicate that engagement with cryptocurrency trading websites has a positive impact on airline websites’ global ranking and visibility parameters. The outcomes of this research provide noteworthy digital marketing strategies which can be addressed by airline companies to increase their website visitors and optimise visibility parameters with the assistance of cryptocurrency trading websites.