This study was conducted to evaluate the implementation of an open innovation cryptocurrency financial system using a statistical approach. The data array reflects the actual speed of the cryptocurrency system, expressed in transactions per second (TPS), taken as the average annual speed. The article offers a comprehensive approach for choosing the optimal cryptocurrency financial system. The final analysis shows that the reasons for the adoption of the cryptocurrency financial system are practicality and convenience, as well as efficient transaction time, faster payment, and simplicity of the payment process. The impact of social factors, expected efforts, and conditions of assistance on the attitude to the cryptocurrency financial system were evaluated. In addition, social factors that have a significant impact on the implementation of the cryptocurrency financial system were identified.
We present a multi-agent mechanism and blockchains platform dedicated to logistics services and activities, which allows controlling the use of connected “objects” via an Internet of Things structure. The proposed platform allows decentralization through a peer-to-peer communication offered by blockchains capable of smart contracting, as well as centralization with the multi-agent system permitting to provide a more robust global mechanism to secure the Internet of Things network and involved enterprises. Indeed, the decentralized part enhances the efficiency (security, reliability, simplicity, etc.). The centralized part allows facilitating the complete and optimized management of the Internet of Things network in terms of uses, reallocations or modifications but also in terms of economic benefits for users. In this paper, we develop the complete architecture of the proposed platform and connection between multi-agent system, blockchains, cloud system, connected objects and users and detail the first level of relationships between agents. We also explain the links between all elements and the functioning of our proposed enterprise platform.
The main trend of development of modern society is named – it is digitalization that is causing global changes in industries, companies, processes, business models. Recently, an increasing penetration of the latest information technologies into all spheres of modern society, including tourism, which is currently one of the fastest growing areas in Russia, can be observed. The study of logistic in tourism is one of the promising areas of the modern economy, and, at the same time, blockchain is the main trend of digitalization. Despite the novelty of the trend of digitalization of tourism logistics, there is a growing awareness of its importance for economic and social development in Russian and in international practice. The definition of concept and content of the blockchain technology are considered. The main goal of getting familiar with the blockchain technology and highlighting its importance is achieved. The expediency of use is justified and examples of practical application of blockchain technologies in tourism logistics are considered. The assumption is made that the interest of using blockchain technology will increase in the nearest future.
Blockchain Technology (BT) involves maintaining a special log (or register of records), the amount of information in which increases with each new record. Maintaining such a registry in high-load systems, in which several thousand (or more) records can be added per second, creates a serious problem of storing such a volume of information. There are also cases, in which the blockchain security features, and in particular its immutable data storage, are a drawback. For instance, once stored in the blockchain, erroneous data cannot be removed. To solve this problem, it is possible to use the redactable BT (RBT). In this case, one can clear the registry of outdated (or unnecessary) information that is no longer suitable for solving the tasks assigned to the system. However, this issue has its own subtleties, features and rules for working with this technology. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to identify the actual problems of the RBT usage.
The last years’ experience of functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that digital solutions can significantly increase the efficiency of business operational processes. This study focuses on the implementation of digital technologies at the airports to optimize information and financial flows, that are required for the air cargo transportation. The study was carried out based on the analysis of technological schedules of airports and airlines for cargo handling. As a result of this study, we have identified the main problematic operations leading to an increase in the time spent by cargo at the airports. The article examines and summarizes the world practice of using blockchain technology to manage information and financial flows in air cargo. The article has developed a model for the implementation of these technologies in the air cargo industry on the basis of a single blockchain platform. This model allows making optimal use of available airport resources in order to minimize service delays. It solves the main problem of creating the transparency of the information exchange between all air cargo transportation participants.
Investing in cryptoassets can be tricky. At the moment, there are many different cryptocurrencies operating on different blockchains with different ecosystems. The use of cryptoassets requires defining a goal in relation to the type of cryptoassets and the degree to which their properties affect their functioning and development. In this article, the author analyzes two of the most popular and significant cryptocurrencies for the cryptoindustry Bitcoin and Ethereum on two different blockchains. The author specifically took two cryptocurrencies that are completely different in their meaning and purpose. In view of the fact that the author does not see an ideal solution to several problems, he described the need for diversification of assets by purpose of use. The author describes each cryptocurrency as a separate ecosystem with its own properties, which requires playing by the rules. The author cites socio-economic factors due to which he chose these two blockchains for analysis, tries to analyze the dependence of the properties of each cryptocurrency on the level of popularization, and gives empirical data stating the consequences in a historical context.The author also considers technical properties as a factor of scalability and attractiveness of each of the blockchains, how cryptocurrencies interact with each other, influencing the financial mood of users. The author of the article also tries to determine the technical and social factors that led to the adaptation of these cryptocurrencies to the traditional financial sector and how they depend on each other. The author describes Bitcoin as a system for saving and multiplying funds, while Ethereum sees it as an ecosystem, an intermediary protocol between already formed market sectors and decentralized applications within the network. After analyzing the results of the study, the author provides general criteria for the formation of a methodology for choosing a cryptocurrency and blockchain for conducting effective operational activities, as well as the formation of its own mechanism for managing the efficiency of cryptocurrency operations.
<p>Bai Jie<sup>1,2</sup>, Du Yanhui<sup>1</sup>, Lu Tianliang<sup>1</sup></p>
This paper studies the sensitive information recognition and processing system in social online games. A real-time data mining framework for sensitive information on online games in the blockchain mode is proposed. A large-scale social online game chat room database is selected for testing, with SKLearn library based on Python is used for data preprocessing. The model training and verification are implemented through tensorflow. The results show that the accuracy of TextCNN is over 5% higher than that of Naive Bayes and CNN models for short text recognition in online game context, so TextCNN model can meet the requirements for high efficiency and accuracy of sensitive information recognition in large-scale online games. The conclusion proves that the blockchain-based online game sensitive information mining framework has the advantage of alliance chain hierarchical management, the characteristics of the distributed ledgers leaving traces in the whole process of information dissemination, and enhanced contract enforcement through the smart contracts and consensus mechanisms.
Leakage of protected data became an acute topic. The system tracking who, where and when has accessed a certain record of such a type of data could be a help in investigating vulnerabilities and weaknesses in defense. Also, it could name and point out responsible staff for the leakage with all legal and justice consequences. The paper considers an approach to build a system to register such kind of facts. The essence is to apply the distributed ledger technology, which is an open data storage. The system allows you to identify users who are trying to retrieve valuable information. At present, a technical and theoretical basis is ready for such solutions. Analysis of the current situation in the area under consideration shows that all the leading players in this segment of the IT market, in parallel with the development of mathematical models and methods of problem-oriented data mining, pay significant attention to the development of special software and hardware tools to support the performance of such tool solutions.
Open access
Data Mining Algorithms and Applications
Advanced Research in Systems and Signal Processing
Introduction: the most promising approach to the creation of critical distributed information systems is the use of modern information technologies. In this regard, it is of great interest to study the possibilities of building systems of this class based on blockchain technology, which, unlike traditional transactional technology, involves distributed data storage with the formation of a distributed ledger. Purpose: the purpose of the research is to develop a conceptual framework for such an approach, covering the features of blockchain technology. Methods: the goal is achieved by conducting a comparative analysis of blockchain technology and transactional technology, developing an algorithm for the functioning of the system, determining the order of interaction between governing bodies and forming criteria for building a system based on blockchain technology. Results: the results of a comparative analysis showed that the introduction of blockchain technology into critical distributed information systems increases the efficiency of data collection and the availability of information resources stored and transmitted within the system. The developed algorithm for the functioning of a distributed information system based on blockchain technology contains three stages, during which, through the use of hash functions, converting the content of the transmitted document into a digital fingerprint and distributing a chain of data blocks across all network nodes, distributed data storage and complete security are ensured. Practical relevance: the considered order of interaction between governing bodies and exchange of information resources in a system based on blockchain technology demonstrated the possibility of practical implementation of this technology in a critical distributed information system and made it possible to form criteria for its construction. Discussion: as the main criteria, the coefficients of the timeliness of information exchange and the availability of information resources are proposed. To satisfy these criteria, in the search for optimal combinations of parameters for the implementation of blockchain technology, the simulation model of the functioning of a critical distributed information system based on blockchain technology should be used, which is considered as a further research direction."
The transport and logistics system is a high-tech intelligent system that focuses on the development of the relevant world-class industry, innovations, software and people’s skills. Besides, it is aimed to exchange routine interaction between economic operators with the use of distributed data registry technology and intelligent management systems, develop a trust center of competence, and form an open architecture with dynamic infrastructure development. At the same time, with the general trend for digitalization, today there are two main ways of their development distinguished: machine learning of the vehicle for its interaction with pedestrians and stationary objects, and filling the infrastructure with accounting and information systems when combined with intelligent transport systems. These days the development of the second way lags behind due to the high cost of both bringing its current state into a normative form, and creating a new digital and intelligent world-class infrastructure. In this situation the development of smart contracts is a necessary element for coordinating and organising transportation, which also provides effective transformation of the transport and logistics system, savings for economic operators and the city’s environment improvement.
Open access
Economic and Technological Systems Analysis
Transportation Systems and Logistics
Advanced Research in Systems and Signal Processing
Today, cryptocurrencies and topics related to information technology are attracting more attention not only on the part of traders, but also scientists. More research is being carried out aimed at the thorough study of cryptocurrencies, as well as the search for ways to facilitate interaction with blockchain. The topic of data analysis for cryptocurrencies is becoming increasingly important as the number of companies dependent on cryptocurrencies is growing rapidly. There are problems related to the cryptocurrency trading process, such as forecasting prices and trends, forecasting volatility, building a portfolio, detecting fraud, analyzing indicators for various cryptocurrencies. To solve these problems, trading bots are used. Trading bots are software products or websites that offer so-called «algorithmic trading», as they automatically analyze the actions and indicators of the market, offer strategies to maximize the trader’s profits and increase his satisfaction. They can aggregate historical market data, calculate indicators, model the order fulfillment and can even be set up to execute strategies while the customer is asleep. When analyzing the needs of the market, it turned out that there was a lack of a chat bot that would help traders or simply persons interested in the topic of cryptocurrencies to receive fresh information about the latest changes in the market. The article considers the functions and examples of performance of the chat bot CryptoAlert, created by one of the authors, which helps users to always be aware of the latest changes in the cryptocurrency market. The main function of the bot is to receive notifications about significant changes in the price of the selected coin. The use of CryptoAlert facilitates the trader’s work and significantly increases the likelihood of successful trading in the market.
This article presents the analyze of the cryptocurrency market, the practice of state regulation of the cryptocurrency. The study of the cryptocurrency market and the experience of its regulation revealed certain similarities. Cryptogrivna, which can be put into circulation, means the formation of new institutional conditions for the development and functioning of the national financial market. At the same time, it is important to understand that cryptocurrency cannot completely replace traditional means of payment and payment methods, either in the medium or in the short term. In this regard, in order to ensure national economic security, the unification of the current tax and financial legislation with acts of international law, in terms of economic and organizational approaches to the circulation and emission of world and national cryptocurrencies, is of particular relevance. This will make it possible to create a number of new financial instruments that can be used to stimulate the growth of the national economy, which today is gradually emerging from the crisis zone, showing a trend towards further growth.
Digitalization of the petrochemical complex is focused on the use and creation of end-to-end technologies, such as distributed ledger systems, advanced manufacturing technologies, industrial Internet, Internet of Things, and big data. These technologies are now sufficiently advanced to integrate with the main production processes of petrochemical enterprises for the digital transformation of operations and the provision of "smart" supply chains, as well as the development and implementation of new business models. Smart manufacturing is a new paradigm that provides speed and flexibility through the introduction of digital innovations that create a circular economy model, facilitating the use of solutions such as digital platforms, smart devices, and artificial intelligence that contribute to resource optimization. The article deals with the issues of personnel support for petrochemical enterprises that contribute to improving production efficiency in the digital economy. Integrating human resource management into the strategic planning process allows you to create and develop the necessary skills and competencies to achieve effective results, opportunities and competitive advantages. The introduction of more efficient and faster production systems and innovative technologies allows you to reduce production processes, accelerate the entry of new products and services to the market, as well as the associated delivery times, reduce production stages and increase the ability to differentiate products.
Hanna Kucherova, Vita Los, Dmytro Ocheretin, Olha Bilska · 5 authors
The relevance of the research subject is explained by a fundamental change in the conditions of existence and development of agents of the digital economy, limited knowledge about their behavior under conditions of quarantine restrictions. The aim of the research is to study the series of the dynamics of the price of bitcoin and the frequency of online requests for bitcoin as an indicator of the behavior of agents of the digital economy using the methods of qualitative recurrent analysis. The types of constructed time series plots of the price of bitcoin and the frequency of requests for bitcoin are defined as drift with a superimposed linearly gradually increasing sequence, which indicates the unpredictability of the behavior of digital economy agents with a gradual stabilization in new quality trend. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the proven connection between the series of bitcoin price dynamics and the frequency of online requests for bitcoin, tracking changes in the behavior of digital economy agents before and after the introduction of quarantine restrictions. The procedure for conducting a qualitative recurrence analysis of the series of dynamics is generalized, which takes into account the specifics of the formation of the frequency of online requests for bitcoin, the price and the behavioral aspect of its formation. The practical value lies in defining the characterization of the behavior model of digital economy agents under conditions of quarantine restrictions. The behavior of digital economy agents in the context of COVID-2019 requires further research, in particular, using cross-recurrent analysis methods.
The construction industry lacks a comprehensive and overall scheme for the use and management of building information modeling (BIM) in the whole building life cycle, especially the use of BIM technology for asset management and facility management. However, there is little understanding and implementation of enterprise BIM. BIM influences and changes the new project management mode of the whole life cycle of construction projects from design to construction. The safety, audit, responsibility and value of BIM are the forward-looking problems in current BIM, but it is difficult to realize the whole process value management based on the contribution of all parties, it is not conducive to the popularization and application of BIM. From the perspective of new technology and the whole life cycle, this paper analyzes the development and promotion of Blockchain technology to construction projects, and puts forward the fusion point of BIM and Blockchain technology: multi-user, multi-stage, multi-target data fusion and traceability mechanism; It is a consensus process model of multi-party collaboration, interest balance, non-destructive transmission of building information, responsibility traceability and customer satisfaction. It realizes the supporting framework and implementation ideas of BIM and Blockchain technology in construction projects from the aspects of design technology, construction management, material scheduling and whole life cycle construction. This paper will provide some new ideas for the whole life cycle collaborative management of digital construction.
Geoffrey Goodell, Hazem Danny Al-Nakib, Paolo Tasca
Objective : to present the new approach to perform monetary transactions with digital currency. Methods : abstract-logical, analytical methods. Results : in recent years, electronic retail payment mechanisms, especially e-commerce and card payments at the point of sale, have increasingly replaced cash in many developed countries. As a result, societies are losing a critical public retail payment option, and retail consumers are losing important rights associated with using cash. To address this concern, we propose an approach to digital currency that would allow people without banking relationships to transact electronically and privately, including both e-commerce purchases and point-of-sale purchases that are required to be cashless. The article shows the advantages of cash payments compared to non-cash ones and defines the possibility to transform these advantages into the central bank digital currencies. The disputable issues of commercial banks development under the spread of digital currencies are discussed. The architecture of digital currencies is described, including distributed ledgers technology. It was shown that, for the digital currency to function effectively, it is necessary to include the privacy of end-users into its architecture; measures to achieve that are determined. Scientific novelty : the approached proposed in the article should be used to develop the digital currencies infrastructure. It should be government-backed, privately-operated and ensure that every transaction is registered by a bank or money services business, relying upon non-custodial wallets backed by privacy-enhancing technology, such as blind signatures or zero-knowledge proofs, to ensure that transaction counterparties are not revealed. This approach can also facilitate more efficient and transparent clearing, settlement, and management of systemic risk. We argue that our system can restore and preserve the salient features of cash, including privacy, owner-custodianship, fungibility, and accessibility, while also preserving fractional reserve banking and the existing two-tiered banking system. Practical significance : the proposed approach can be applied in the practical organization of perform monetary transactions using digital currencies. The article was first published in English language by Future Internet. For more information please contact the editorial office. For original publication: Goodell G., Al-Nakib H. D., Tasca P. A Digital Currency Architecture for Privacy and Owner-Custodianship, Future Internet, 2021, 13, 130. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13050130 Publication URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/13/5/130
Abstract. Today, one of the most discussed topics in the field of information technology is distributed registry systems. They attract investors and developers with their functionality. Distributed ledger systems are being introduced into business processes in many areas of human activity, which makes their contribution to development irreplaceable. One of the most vulnerable parts of such systems is the process of managing cryptographic keys, an attack on which can destroy the entire security of the distributed registry system. The aim of the research is to identify possible threats to the process of managing cryptographic keys, on the basis of which recommendations and standards for managing cryptographic keys in distributed ledger systems will be developed. Research methods: to achieve this goal, the structure of the life cycle of cryptographic keys was considered, an analysis of possible vulnerabilities in the process of managing cryptographic keys at each stage of the life cycle of a cryptographic key was carried out. In addition, the distributed ledger system was analyzed in the context of the identified vulnerabilities of the key management process using the example of the IBM blockchain and the possibility of outsourcing cryptographic key management systems was considered. Result: a set of possible threats to the process of managing cryptographic keys was proposed, the necessity of assessing the security of the key management system before deciding on the introduction of these systems into distributed registries was proposed, conclusions were drawn about the need to develop recommendations and standards for the process of managing cryptographic keys for such systems, as well as the possibility applicability of the recommendations for assessing the security of the implementation of outsourcing of cryptographic key management systems in distributed ledgers.
Seryozha E. Melkonyan, Natali A. Galoyan, Anna Norkina, Pavel Y. Leonov
The article reveals problems in the trade between EAEU countries, proposing the solution. Such processes as globalization and digitalization are caused by the technological advance influencing trade among EAEU countries. Some of the problems have been identified relatively recently, and some have been discovered long time ago, however, they have not found a proper solution. The existing shortcomings in the activities of the EAEU pose a significant threat to the security of the member States. The authors of the article stress the solution to the current problems faced by members of EAEU, offering the implementation of blockchain technologies. New model of trading platform, from the authors’ stand point, will allow member States to solve current problems and to prevent illegal actions.
Vimal Dwivedi, Alex Norta, Alexander J. Wulf, Benjamin Leiding · 6 authors
Blockchain- and smart-contract technology enhance the effectiveness and automation of business processes. The rising interest in the development of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO) shows that blockchain technology has the potential to reform business and society. A DAO is an organization wherein business rules are encoded in smart-contract programs that are executed when specified rules are met. The contractual- and business semantics are sine qua non for drafting a legally-binding smart contract in DAO collaborations. Several smart-contract languages (SCLs) exist, such as SPESC, or Symboleo to specify a legally-binding contract. However, their primary focus is on designing and developing smart contracts with the cooperation of IT- and non-IT users. Therefore, this paper fills a gap in the state of the art by specifying a smart-legal-contract markup language (SLCML) for legal- and business constructs to draft a legally-binding DAO. To achieve the paper objective, we first present a formal SCL ontology to describe the legal- and business semantics of a DAO. Secondly, we translate the SCL ontology into SLCML, for which we present the XML schema definition. We demonstrate and evaluate our SLCML language through the specification of a real life-inspired Sale-of-Goods contract. Finally, the SLCML use-case code is translated into Solidity to demonstrate its feasibility for blockchain platform implementations.
Artificial intelligence-driven cryptocurrencies are cryptocurrencies created by Artificial intelligence using the traditional human cryptocurrency development framework without human intervention. An AI explores the data from each different stream and arriving at the framework which can host these cryptocurrencies following the standards of legality. Cryptography is the encryption of specific data to conceal it and keep it a secret from unwanted third parties. Cryptocurrencies are encrypted currencies with unique keys as developed by developers. Artificial intelligence is an advanced machine programmed to simulate and emulate human intelligence by carrying tasks and reaching conclusions with little or no human intervention. This work considered the use of AI through machine learning and deep learning in the development of cryptocurrencies. The AI machine will set all the parameters and structure of the cryptocurrency. This will include how data is added, removed, and verified on the stream. Blockchain is an open ledger of a cryptocurrency's transactions. It stores files in the system, arranged in blocks, and connected on a list called chains. The article considers how AI-driven cryptocurrency will run using the blockchain network and its impact on it. Artificial intelligence and cryptocurrency are technological very essential technological development currently. The effect of the combination of both technologies would be enormous in the future as both technologies will develop each other remarkably.
This article is an enhancement of the chapter “About Digital Avatars for Control in Virtual Industries” in the book Big Data and Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Organizations. The article discusses the capabilities of the R language for modeling Levy processes that currently most closely correspond to the nature of the organizational learning movements in sliding mode. The efficient algorithm of the CGMY process simulation as a difference of the tempered stable independent Levy is processed and programmed at R language. The efficient algorithm of variance gamma process simulation using variance gamma random variables is processed and programmed at R language. Overview of CGMY process simulation in practice is use for human capital management in the context of the implementation of digital intelligent decision support systems and knowledge management and for digital intelligent design of avatar-based control with application to human capital management.
Digital transformation of the world economy and the rapid growth of information flows have led to the implementation of innovative technologies in the processes of business management. Data analysis, risk assessment technologies and decision support systems enable companies to adapt to modern challenges.In the process of globalization, a consumer has the priority due to which quality of service and timely delivery of the required products determine the competition among the companies. All participants of the supply process, including logistics service providers, have traditionally focused on optimizing process management and minimizing supply chain costs [1]. The determining factor of supply efficiency from the perspective of procurement and logistics is the uninterrupted supply of raw materials and semi-finished goods that depends on the selection of a reliable supplier, as well as the continuous improvement of the quality of materials and the reliability of the customer-supplier relationship. The purpose of this article is to analyze use of blockchain technology to improve reliability of supply chains, whereas the rationale behind the management of business processes and the contractual obligation between the parties are verified cryptographically, using a smart contract.
The modern pandemic affects all areas of human activity. In this regard, various aspects of the preservation of economic activity become fundamental. One of these issues is the choice of an investment strategy, the choice of investment instruments. To do this, we examined the mutual dynamics of gold and bitcoin prices during the pandemic. For the analysis, we use the wavelet coherence methodology. This made it possible to substantiate some strategies and the choice of investment instruments.
Open access
Economic, Social, and Public Health Issues in Russia and Globally