Blockchain Papers

Anastasia Alexandrovna Bannova, Darya Petrovna Fomicheva

Рассматриваются достоинства и недостатки криптовалюты в мировом масштабе. Анализиру-ются страны, которые пользуются криптовалютой. Показывается стоимость криптовалют в настоя-щее время, и дается соответствующий прогноз

Dmitrii Gubanov, Матвей Оборин

The digitization of economic activity creates new opportunities for increasing the goods production level in conditions of severe resources limitation. Significant optimization can be achieved due to, firstly, reduction the costs of transactions, and, secondly, engagement in the economic turnover of poorly low nondistributable assets (for example, real estate). The paper studies the problems regarding applicability of smart contract in economic activities at the regional and federal levels. An attempt is being made to form a decentralized system of smart contracts. Based on the component-based analysis, the key trends of this system effect on the gross output at the federal and regional levels are determined. The authors propose a quantitative assessment of the impact of each of these factors. The macroeconomic model IS-LM is used, which takes into account the impact of digitalization processes in terms of implementing the smart contracts system, on the aggregated output indicators of the economic system.

Timur Ablyazov, Ivan Petrov

The main principles of blockchain operation and its main advantages of efficiency increase of investment and construction activity (ICA) participants' interaction are described in this article. Blockchain process operation principles in a technical sense are stated. Practical examples of efficiency increase of ICA participants' interaction with the use of blockchain process in Russia and abroad are given. The main trends and results of blockchain use in construction domain are systematised. Potential of blockchain process use in development of the system of ICA participants' interaction is described. Specific features and advantages of blockchain use in construction domain are highlighted. The main problems requiring improvement of normative and methodical base while developing blockchain within ICA participants' interaction are analysed. The article gives a review of blockchain influence on improvement of the process of ICA participants' interaction.

A. Timofeev, O. Lebedinskaya, Roman Veynberg, A. A. Grigorev

This article presents prospects of the development of cryptocurrency in Russia, examines the principles of the operation of Bitcoin as main currency nowadays and its application in the real economic sector. Identifies and substantiates the advantages and disadvantages of this technology, as a result, the degree of influence of cryptocurrency and the consequences of its usage in the Russian economy. At present, over 1000 types of cryptocurrencies exist. In this paper, two of them are analyzed: the first cryptocurrency, the leader with the stabilized volatility and price: Bitcoin, and rather a new application for cryptocurrency which was skyrocketed as the second world popular: Ethereum. In this research paper we set an objective to compare Bitcoin and Ethereum, determine problems of cryptocurrency market in Russia and the prospects for development of their usage. In addition, authors are describing history of the research subject and trends to develop: from Bitcoin to Ethereum evolution.

M.Ya. Afanasiev, Yu.V. Fedosov, Anastasiya A. Krylova, Sergey A. Shorokhov

Рассматривается базовая распределенная сеть киберфизической производственной системы на основе

Ya. Kuznetsov

The article discusses the weaknesses of fiat reserve currencies and proposes modern Distributed Ledger Technologies as a way to lower transaction costs and promote digital payments for the public. Specifically, we concentrate on stablecoins, a particular category of cryptocurrencies, that are designed to maintain stability and to be used as a medium of exchange and store of value. The results allow concluding that tokens backed by commodities may be implemented in payments globally with minimum cost and processing time. Hence, it is a revolutionary solution to the existing international monetary issues.

Denys Lypnytskyi

Индустрия 4.0 включает создание киберфизических систем, способных децентрализованно управлять производством, продажами, самообучаться и развиваться. Функционирование таких систем нуждается в аналогичных "умных" технологиях хранения и распространения информации. Блокчейн, обеспечивший децентрализацию и кибербезопасность в сфере криптовалют и создавший "умные" контракты, стал рассматриваться как подобная технология. Однако экстраполяция блокчейн с узкой сферы цифровых денег до универсального применения в индустрии и публичном секторе столкнулась с серьезными трудностями. Некоторые из них могут быть преодолены в рамках существующего поколения блокчейн (например, улучшением алгоритмов консенсуса). Большинство же требует существенных трансформаций технологии, комбинирования ее с другими информационными и промышленными инновациями. Трудности такого переходного этапа породили критику блокчейн и, нередко, отказ от его использования. Появились гибридные решения, взявшие от блокчейн лишь часть инновационной идеи (блочную организацию реестра транзакций) и имплантировав ее в традиционные технологии. Предложено считать такие решения неполноценным "квазиблокчейном". На основе анализа эволюции блокчейна обосновано, что дальнейшее развитие его децентрализованных версий наиболее отвечает концепции Индустрия 4.0. Показано, что внедрению таких версий сейчас препятствуют внутренние противоречия: "трилемма" блокчейн плюс его высокая энергоемкость. Исследованы перспективы выхода из тупика "трилеммы" блокчейн с помощью смежных инновационных решений, таких как протокол второго уровня (Lightning Network) и ему подобные. Освещены тенденции дальнейшего развития различных форм и архитектур блокчейн. Предложена классификация, связывающая блокчейн с традиционными распределенными базами данных и учитывающая логику их развития. Проанализированы эффективные методы промышленного внедрения блокчейн, включая реализацию с его помощью цифровых счетов-фактур (e-Invoice) и коммуникаций для промышленного Интернета вещей. Выполненные исследования позволили разработать критерии выбора и оптимизации конкретных блокчейн-решений для индустриального применения.

Daribayeva M.Zh., M L Talasbek

For a couple of years, the cryptocurrency has made a splash in the world of economy, turning from virtual money into a huge market in its size and creating a new full-fledged ideology of money-crypto-economy. Cryptocurrency has a huge potential for development. Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that uses encryption technology to transfer value over the Internet. But today cryptocurrency is trading that most meets the needs of modern society. This form of currency works independently of the banking system and can use in many countries as cash. The relevance of the study is whether cryptocurrency has a positive impact on the development of the economy. The purpose of this article is studying the impact of the process of introduction and use of cryptocurrencies in the economy of Kazakhstan. This process is intensively developing.The key issue for a deeper understanding of the role cryptocurrency is determining their economic nature. Research methods include the stage of cryptocurrency analysis affecting the financial sector, the dynamics of the cryptocurrency market and the overall analysis of assets. For analysis, we paid attention to five cryptocurrencies with the largest capitalization and a large amount of data. The analysis revealed the main factors affecting the market price of cryptocurrency and ways to eliminate them. In addition, the main problems of introducing cryptocurrencies in Kazakhstan, such as the process of regulation of the cryptocurrency market identified and prospects analyzed. A new form of cryptocurrency uses pro-posed.

Stanislav V. Ustenko, Іgor Zagorovsky

Анотація. У статті розглянуто процеси подальшої інтеграції сучасних інформаційних цифрових технологій в економіку країни, впровадження та широке використання електронних фінансових інструментів і технологій, тенденції їх поширення в Україні. Серед усього різноманіття технологій цифрової економіки, що розвивається прискореними темпами, особливе місце займають інноваційні технології у фінансовій сфері. Необхідність надійного та захищеного інформаційного забезпечення проведення фінансових операцій і взаємних

Magdalena Trzcionka

This article examines the bitcoin, at present the most popular cryptocurrency. The bitcoin grew on the major pillars of the neoliberal market economy, such as liberalization, deregulation and privatization. But in the end, it turned out to be a cure for the dysfunctions of the financial system, which was based on neoliberal assumptions. The difficulty in capturing the character and status of the bitcoin still makes it elusive for the existing rules of law. Some governments observe the evolution of the bitcoin market with interest; others try to work against it. All of this makes the bitcoin an intriguing subject for research.The aim of this article is to present the original assumptions of the bitcoin system; trace the reactions to the bitcoin’s emergence in virtual reality, and next on the very real financial market; and analyze the reinterpretation of the idea that underlies the creation of the cryptocurrency. This article attempts to assess the bitcoin’s potential of achieving a seemingly impregnable position on the global financial market.

L.I. Malyavkina, A.G. Savina, I.G. Parshutina

No abstract is available for this record.

Zinaida Khmelnitskaya, Elena Bogdanova, Maria L. Ivich

No abstract is available for this record.

Vladimir V. Guzyr

Аннотация.К настоящему моменту сетевизация экономики становится наиболее перспективной формой структурных преобразований хозяйственных систем как на национальном, так и на мировом уровне.Движущей силой сетевизации является становление цифровой экономики.С 1990-х годов в первые четыре десятилетия Интернета возникла электронная почта, глобальная электронная сеть -«Всемирная паутина», Интернет-магазины и компании («доткомы», от англ..com),социальные сети, мобильный доступ в Интернет, мировые вычислительные мощности («Биг Дейта», от англ.Big Data -«Большие данные»), облачные вычисления и становление безлюдных технологий межмашинного взаимодействия -«Интернета вещей».Это оказало значительный позитивный эффект на снижение затрат информационного обмена и рыночных взаимодействий для субъектов национальных и мировой экономики, снизило барьеры для доступа к новым средствам массовой информации и развлечениям, новым формам товародвижения и организации управленческой деятельности, а также создало возможности проявления полностью цифровых предприятий, производящих только информацию.Благодаря технологиям дополненной и виртуальной реальности цифровизация охватывает производство, торговлю и финансы, моду, автомобили, здания, города и даже жизнедеятельность человеческого организма.Насыщение цифровыми технологиями различных процессов жизни современного человека и общества настолько велико, что обращение к цифровым массивам и виртуальной реальности происходит не по требованию, т.е.эпизодически, а постоянно, в ходе соединения рутинной деятельности и ее цифрового отражения в вычислительных системах.Результатом цифровизации и

Mikhail Filkin

The article is devoted to the research of the current state and prospects of digital assets (cryptocurrencies) in the global financial system. Despite the controversial history of development, the process of acceptance of crypto assets at the level of state regulators continues. It seems that, to one degree or another, the algorithmic and technological advantages of cryptocurrencies will be used to reduce transaction costs of the economy. However, their legitimization will be associated with a gradual rejection of anonymity and increased state control. The advantages, disadvantages, risks and prospects of blockchain technology for the implementation of monetary settlements are considered.

Maxim Zuev

This article represents the chronology of the use of digital currency by professional participants in the US financial market. There are indicated main participants of the digital currency market using this asset for investment and speculative purposes. There are described their actions on the digital currency market. There are analyzed possible stages of the development of the digital currency market. Digital currency Bitcoin and Ethereum are represented. Attention is paid to the innovations of the JP Morgan Chase Corporation, the Facebook Corporation. There are described new exchange assets introduced by Cboe, CME Group, and Bakkt.

Larisa Yuzvovich, Victor Ivanitsky, Tatyana Reshetnikova

No abstract is available for this record.

Alexander Smirnov, Leonid Sheremetov, Nikolay Teslya

No abstract is available for this record.

Pavlo Mykolaiovych Rubanov

У статті проведено аналіз основних характеристик біткоїна як першої криптовалюти, досліджено особливості подальшого розвитку ринку криптовалют та застосування технології блокчейн. Розглянуто динаміку капіталізації основних криптовалют та визначено лідери даного ринку за рівнем капіталізації

Andrey Zubarev, Kirill Shilov, Mariana Suleimanova, Elizaveta Golovanova · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

А. Kramarenko, Anton Kvitka, Віталій Дячек, Denis Davydov

The article considers the place of cryptocurrency markets in the global economy. The key risks of active implementation of IT achievements in the financial sector were defined. It was shown that cryptocurrencies are associated with settlement operations, investment activities and speculation in the currency markets. It was argued that the availability of equipment for the production of digital currencies, the spread of trust on the part of users and business representatives contribute to the promotion of cryptocurrencies and the penetration of digital currencies in various spheres of economic activity. The attraction of additional resources in the economy in the conditions of insignificant costs for entering the cryptocurrency market that become a factor in the spread of cryptocurrency assets was considered.

I. S. Pypenko, Aleksandr Kud

Globalisation of the world economy and computarisation of financial systems form a new branch - economy. There appear some alternative currencies generated by computarisation of financial systems. A remarkable example of this process is

Stevo Jokić, Aleksandar Sandro Cvetković, Saša Adamović, Nenad Ristić · 5 authors

In this paper, we deal with comparative analysis of cryptocurrency wallets and traditional wallets. In addition to security analysis, we will observe the most important elements that should ensure a high level of social acceptability. In that regard, we will make a brief overview of the existing mechanisms for disposing a funds expressed in traditional currencies as well as for crypto currencies. Under the traditional safe keeping mechanisms and the disposal of cash, we will consider systems based on payment cards, payment by cash and payments over the internet. The use of digital wallets is reflected in various characteristics. The convenience of using the ability to execute a mobile phone transaction in matter of seconds. Efficiency is reflected in the speed of transaction execution. This paper describes the current state of digital wallets on the market, the choices of a better solution for purchasing and using digital wallets, security of digital wallets and future trends in their development.

Seweryn Gajdek

The idea of anonymous digital money existing outside of traditional banking system lasts at least 40 years. It appeared as soon as technological solutions, which such a system requires, became available. The article analyses the genesis of the crypto-currencies and technological solutions implemented into the Bitcoin digital currency. The article shows current state of the Bitcoin market and changes in its price, market capitalisation and number of transactions during last decade of operations of the crypto-currency market. Although there are difficulties in using Bitcoins, which include technical background and resulting from the high volatility of prices of this currency, the continuing upward trend of the Bitcoin price and the average daily number of transactions shows that interest in this currency is growing. Bitcoin features that attract new users are a large dose of anonymity, security of funds guaranteed by the extremely high computing power of the Bitcoin network, the speed of transactions and their low cost associated with the exclusion of a financial intermediary. The features of this money and data from the market allow to expect that Bitcoin will gain more individual and institutional users.

Demur Sichinava, MURTAZ MAGRADZE

The article is dedicated to the actual problems of creation, intervention and introduction of electronic money crypto-currency and blockchain technology at the modern stage. Rather narrow description is given to essence, the history of invention and the types of crypto currency (bit coin, ethereum, etc.,), advantages and defects of their use, the electronic wallet and its types, situation of the electronic money introduc tion in Georgia, the global crypto currency spread and the tendencies and prospective of its possible recognition, assessed is significance of the electronic money in manufacturing, based on the modern technical-technological achievements, money-reporting field, maximally just relations creation and by this - further growth of the economic development and accordingly the permanent enhancement of the living standards of the populations.