Global demand for sustainable urban development has increased amid the accelerating effects of climate change, underscoring the need for resilient infrastructure and green buildings. This review examines the relationship among digital transformation, climate resilience, and sustainability in the built environment. It combines new developments in smart technologies that improve energy efficiency, resource optimization, and adaptive design, including blockchain, digital twins, building information modeling (BIM), the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI). The study looks at how digital innovation helps with disaster preparedness, predictive maintenance, carbon footprint reduction, and climate-responsive architecture. The review identifies new routes toward net-zero, climate-resilient urban ecosystems by examining case studies and international best practices.
Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis
Smart-building structural health monitoring (SHM) requires a unified digital representation capable of integrating heterogeneous sensing devices, continuous structural states, and burst-oriented post-event assessment without embedding device-specific logic throughout the software stack. This study proposes a semantic digital twin architecture in which SensorType, DeviceProfile, and site metadata form a semantic single source of truth and generate W3C Web of Things Thing Descriptions at runtime. The resulting WoT-driven contract governs field mapping, schema-on-write persistence, generic API access, state visualization, and engineering-threshold evaluation. To accommodate heterogeneous temporal behavior, event-driven seismic assessment and state-driven construction tilt monitoring are orchestrated as distinct workflows that share persistence, notification, and observability services while retaining separate timing contracts. Controlled extension experiments required no manual data-layer, backend, ingestion, or frontend modification, with a runtime source-hash difference of zero. Under a ten-building seismic-event burst, continuous write-lag p95 changed by ā20 ms from a 969 ms baseline while all event jobs completed without restart or out-of-memory conditions. The ingestion path further sustained 71,040 points/s at 300 sensors with no dropped points. These results demonstrate that WoT-driven semantic interoperability and eventāstate workflow orchestration can provide an extensible integration foundation for smart-building SHM within a clearly defined configuration boundary.
Mr. Harshal Kadam, Mr. Mayur Prajapati, Mr. Amit Yadav, Prof. Sonali Karthik
ConQuote Connect is a smart digital platform designed to solve common problems in the construction industry, such as unclear project details, payment delays, miscommunication and the difficulty of finding trustworthy contractors. It creates a single, streamlined space where builders can post their construction projects and contractors can submit structured and easy to compare quotations. A key part of the system is the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM), which allows builders to upload 3D models of their projects. These models help both parties clearly understand the scope of work and visually track progress through milestones, such as marking when the foundation, floors, or roofing are completed. To make payments more secure, transparent, and fair, ConQuote Connect uses blockchain-powered smart contracts. These contracts safely hold project funds and only release payments when a builder confirms that a milestone has been completed through the BIM model. The platform also includes AI tools that assist in comparing contractor quotes and helping builders make faster, more informed and data backed decisions. When a contractor successfully completes a project, they receive a digital certificate in the form of an NFT, which becomes part of their verifiable reputation and track record on the platform. Both builders and contractors have their own personalized dashboards to manage tasks, communicate updates, track progress and approve or verify completed work. By combining BIM, blockchain and AI in one easy to use system, ConQuote Connect offers a modern, transparent and trustworthy way to manage construction projects reducing disputes, saving time and improving industry collaboration.
Efficient material traceability and lifecycle management are essential for achieving circular utilization in indoor renovation projects. This study proposes a reversible decoration framework based on a Digital Material Cycle Map (DMCM) to support the tracking, recovery, and reuse of construction materials throughout their service lifecycle. The framework integrates Digital Product Passport concepts, RFID- and QR-based identification, distributed ledger technology, and lifecycle data management to establish a unified material information architecture. A modular and detachable construction strategy is further developed using standardized interfaces and non-destructive disassembly mechanisms, enabling efficient component recovery and reuse. In addition, a material traceability workflow is introduced to support condition assessment, lifecycle auditing, and recycling decision-making based on dynamically updated records. The framework promotes information sharing among manufacturers, designers, contractors, and recycling organizations through standardized data interfaces. By combining material identification, information transmission, and lifecycle monitoring, the proposed approach provides an engineering-oriented solution for digital material governance, intelligent sensing, and distributed infrastructure management.
The construction industry faces several difficulties in warehouse management along with construction industry&s;s supply chain that is characterized by complex, multi-tiered interactions involving material suppliers, transporters, contractors, and on-site project managers. Traditional management systems suffer from delayed information exchange, lack of transparency, and vulnerability to fraud or errors, often leading to cost overruns and schedule delays. The purpose of the current paper is to suggest an Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) and blockchain-based supply chain management model to be used in the construction industry. AIoT involves the use of IoT devices or RFID tags, GPS trackers, and environmental sensors along with AI algorithmic methods to conduct predictive analytics, anomaly detection, and automated decision-making in the edge or the cloud. Blockchain technology offers the benefit of immutable and transparent records that cannot be altered and is tamper resistant, which facilitates trust among the distributed stakeholders and automates the workflows of the contract through the use of smart contracts. The architecture that is proposed has three layers: 1 AIoT real-time data acquisition sensing and analytics, 2 Secure data storage blockchain ledger and smart contract execution, and 3 A stakeholder application dashboard. In order to test our framework, we conducted a simulation of a scenario with prefabricated steel parts as supply. We determined the effectiveness of the system in tracking items, recording events as swiftly as possible, the security of the process and the efficiency of the whole process. The findings were also staggering: the accuracy of the tracking increased by 92 percent, the reporting is 58 percent quicker, and the prevention of fraud is much more robust than the traditional ERP systems. Such results demonstrate that the convergence of the AIoT and blockchain technologies can contribute to the solution of current issues in the supply chain in construction, which will result in the improved and more data-driven project management. Second, we will experiment with this approach through real life projects and how it could be used with Building Information Modelling (BIM) platforms.