Blockchain Papers

Mahdi Sedaghat, Bart Preneel

No abstract is available for this record.

Davide Basile, Valerio Goretti, Claudio Di Ciccio, Sabrina Kirrane

No abstract is available for this record.

Zongyang Zhang, Tong Li, Zhuo Wang, Jianwei Liu

No abstract is available for this record.

Shekha Chenthara

The right to privacy is the most fundamental right of a citizen in any country. Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in healthcare has faced problems with privacy breaches, insider outsider attacks and unauthenticated record access in recent years, the most serious being related to the privacy and security of medical data. Ensuring privacy and security while handling patient data is of the utmost importance as a patient’s information should only be released to others with the patient’s permission or if it is allowed by law. Electronic health data (EHD) is an emerging health information exchange model that enables healthcare providers and patients to efficiently store and share their private healthcare information from any place and at any time as required. Generally, cloud services provide the infrastructure by reducing the cost of storing, processing and updating information with improved efficiency and quality. However, the privacy of EHRs is a significant hurdle when outsourcing private health data in the cloud because there is a higher risk of health information being leaked to unauthorized parties. Several existing techniques can analyse the security and privacy issues associated with e-healthcare services. These methods are designed for single databases, or databases with an authentication centre and thus cannot adequately protect the data from insider attacks. In fact, storing EHRs on centralized databases increases the security risk footprint and requires trust in a single authority. Therefore, this research study mainly focuses on how to ensure patient privacy and security while sharing sensitive data between the same or different organisations as well as healthcare providers in a distributed environment. This research successfully proposes and implements a permissioned blockchain framework named Healthchain, which maintains the security, privacy, scalability and integrity of the e-health data. The blockchain is built on Hyperledger Fabric, a permissioned distributed ledger solution by employing Hyperledger Composer and stores EHRs by utilizing InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to build the decentralized web applications. Healthchain builds a two-pronged solution (i) an on-chain solution implemented on the secure network of Hyperledger Fabric which utilizes the state database Couch DB, (ii) an off-chain solution to securely store encrypted data via IPFS. The Healthchain architecture employs Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) as the distributed network consensus processes to determine which block is to be added to the blockchain. Healthchain Hyperledger Fabric leverages container technology to host smart contracts called “chaincode” that comprises the application logic of this system. This research aimed at contributing towards the scalability in blockchain by storing the data hashes of health records on chain and the actual data is stored cryptographically off chain in IPFS, the decentralized storage. Moreover, the data stored in the IPFS will be encrypted by using special public key cryptographic algorithms to create robust blockchain solutions for EHD. This research study develops a privacy preserving framework with three main core contributions to the e-Health ecosystem: (i) it contributes a privacy preserving patient-centric framework namely Healthchain; (ii) introduces an efficient referral mechanism for the effective sharing of healthcare records; and (iii) prevents prescription drug abuse by performing drug tracking transactions employing smart contract functionality to create a smart health care ecosystem. The results demonstrates that the developed prototype ensures that healthcare records are not traceable to illegal disclosure as the model only stores the encrypted hash of records and is proven to be effective in terms of enhanced data privacy, data security, improved data scalability, interoperability and data integrity when accessing and sharing medical records among stakeholders across the Healthchain network. This research develops a foolproof security solution against cyber-attacks by exploiting the inherent features of the blockchain, thereby contributing to the robustness of healthcare information sharing systems and also unravels the potential for blockchain in health IT solutions.

Anubhaw Kumar Suman, Madhu Patel

No abstract is available for this record.

Huichen Chou, Donghui Lin, Takao Nakaguchi, Toru Ishida

No abstract is available for this record.

Amit Kumar Tyagi, S Aswathy, G. Aghila, N. Sreenath

The enhancement (in the past decade) in electronics devices/technology, a rise in most of the accidents concerning security and surveillance intruding the private lives of the users question the existing systems being used to combat this challenge wherein, the third-parties gather and handle large amounts of individual details. As part of the constant evolution of the cyber physical system architecture, one of the goals of our system is to reduce the latency time for enrollment of new information. Generally, the efficiency and benefit of a Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) depends heavily on interconnection of individual devices or nodes. Exchange of data and information relevant to an overall task or functionality is the key to many applications such as smart grids, smart cities, and many others. Trustworthiness of data is needed to make such systems (especially in MCPS systems) successful. To be able to fulfill policies to guarantee the safety of all entities within a Medical Cyber Physical Systems (MCPS) and to provide security measures to enforce these cryptographic solutions have to be embedded. This paper describes a decentralized e-healthcare application framework for personal data management that ensures that users own and access their data. This work proposes a novel mechanism to secure Medical Cyber Physical Systems (MCPS), i.e., as an automated access-control manager (including building trust in a third party). This work also integrates some features in security building blocks in ultra-small devices to provide essential properties to secure embedded systems.

R. Lukianchuk

No abstract is available for this record.

K. Kumutha, S. Jayalakshmi

No abstract is available for this record.

Salima Benbernou, Mourad Ouziri

No abstract is available for this record.

Shanshan Li, Chunxiang Xu, Yuan Zhang, Anjia Yang · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Jacob Lohmer, Lasse Bohlen, Rainer Lasch

No abstract is available for this record.

Yogesh Gajmal, R. Udayakumar

Access Control is mentioned to as the imprisonment of particular activities of an individual to carry out an action. Cloud storing similar to any other untrusted surroundings wants the capacity to protect the shared data. The one of the apparatus of access mechanism is ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption system over and done with dynamic characteristics. With a blockchain based distributed ledger, the scheme offers immutable log of whole significant safety events, for example key generation, change or revocation, access policy assignment, access request etc. Number of different problems similar to single point of failure, security and privacy etc. were targeted through the appropriate primary studies. The Meta analysis suggests the usage of diverse blockchain platforms, different application areas and different used blockchain properties. The services consist of authentication, privacy, confidentiality, data, access control list and, integrity assurance and resource provenance. Altogether these facilities are dangerous for the present distributed applications, particularly in line for to the huge quantity of information being processed over the webs and also the usage of cloud computing. Verification confirms that the client is who he/she professes to be. Confidentiality assures that the information cannot be read through unapproved users. Privacy gives to the clients the capacity to control who can get to their information. Provenance permits an effective tracing of the information also resources alongside using their ownership as well as utilization on the network. Integrity assists in authenticating that the information has not been changed or else altered. These services stand now managed through central controllers. On the other side, blockchain is a protected plus distributed ledger that can assist to resolve the issue of access control in cloud. We present a systematic analysis of blockchain driven access control systems. The current paper examines previous studies in the region of Access Control in Cloud, by a comprehensive Bibliometric study. The analysis is completed by using the Scopus databases also tools similar to Imap builder, VOSviewer and Word cloud. As of the database of Scopus, it is detected that the publications taking place Access Control in Cloud are 993 is Articles and 31 is a Review articles. The significant of research is limited but an increasing tendency is detected on or after the year 2013. The review shown that the maximum publications of Access Control in Cloud are journals articles and Conference Papers. Chinese top publications followed by the India and United States. The paper determines that the study area is recent also more research is obligatory in the domain Access Control in Cloud using Blockchain.

B. Sowmiya, E. Poovammal, Kadiyala Ramana, Saurabh Singh · 5 authors

Cloud computing is a continuously evolving technology that can enhance agility, availability, collaboration and scalability of data. Blockchain has a secure, immutable ledger which maintains all the transactions along with the timestamp. The blockchain framework and cloud computing technology jointly provides different ways of computational cost reduction. The existing methods help to identify the anonymous documents which are given in the form of requests from the cloud server. If the anonymized document requests are from the authorized users, then cloud provides better security and hence documents are not available for unauthorized users. But the main issue is access rights available for authorized users on sensitive data of the owner. To maintain the privacy the sensitive data are hidden using cryptographic techniques even for authorized users. The method adopted is Linear Elliptical Curve Digital Signature (LECDS) with Hyperledger blockchain, to prevent private data loss. The Linear regression method is used to classify the user information into two classes namely sensitive and non-sensitive. The non-sensitive data is encrypted using RSA and sensitive data is encrypted using LECC method. Modified Spider optimization search Algorithm (MSOA) is used to verify the integrity of outsourced data and search user query information in a cloud server. The hyper ledger blockchain verifies the user policy to create a private network through which the user communicates the cloud. In the analysis of the proposed method, the results are evaluated using various performance metrics such as security, throughput, classification accuracy and error rate.

Shuanggen Liu, Wan-Qi Chen, Jia-Lu Liu

The classic Elliptic curve digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) uses one inversion operation in the process of signature and verification, which greatly reduces the efficiency of digital signatures. Up to now, most research schemes improve efficiency by reducing reverse operations, but they fail to attach importance to such issues as forgery signature attack. At the same time, in the blockchain, the weak randomness of ECDSA will lead to the attack of forging random numbers, which is a potential problem of digital currency transactions. In consideration of this reason, in this article, an improved provably secure elliptic curve digital signature scheme is constructed. First, the new scheme introduces double parameters in the signature process, that can effectively resist the weak randomness attack of ECDSA in Bitcoin, and can be applied to blockchain digital currency trading systems. Second, in the random oracle model, it is provably indistinguishable against Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP) under the super type I and type II adversary. Third, the new scheme avoids the inverse operation in the signature and verification phase. Compared with the ECDSA, the running speed is optimized by 50.1%. Similarly, the proposed scheme has higher computational efficiency than other existing algorithms.

Muriel Figueredo Franco, Noah Berni, Eder J. Scheid, Christian Killer · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Jonas Nick, Tim Ruffing, Yannick Seurin

No abstract is available for this record.

Rita Oliveira, Catarina I. Reis, Marisa Maximiano

No abstract is available for this record.

Igor Zakharov, Jonathan Anderson, Garrett Parsons, Michael D. Henschel

Data quantities are rapidly increasing in many industry sectors due to the development of new sensors, mobile and cloud technologies, advancements in IoT and AI, and growth of social and entertainment media. Many applications (e.g. in finance, healthcare, government data) have strict information security requirements for simultaneous access, record updating, and validation in an immutable manner, which can be achieved with distributed ledger technology (DLT). In this paper we review and analyze fifty-eight currently available blockchain (BC) systems and their components in context of the DLT for big data storage, provenance tracking, replication, and sharing. We also elaborate the key BC system components and architecture for major information security concerns.

Ifeoluwa Oreofe Oluwafemi, T. Prabhakar Clement, Oluwasanmi Segun Adanigbo, Toluwase Peter Gbenle · 5 authors

The global pharmaceutical industry faces growing threats from counterfeit and substandard drugs, undermining public health, regulatory compliance, and supply chain trust. To address these challenges, this paper evaluates the efficacy of DIDChain-enabled blockchain frameworks, which integrate Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) with distributed ledger technology to establish real-time provenance verification and anti-counterfeit control. Drawing on a comprehensive body of literature, including conceptual frameworks in digital transformation, cybersecurity, business intelligence, and cloud-based analytics, the study explores how DIDChain infrastructure can enhance transparency, immutability, and interoperability in pharmaceutical logistics. The analysis incorporates findings from prior research on AI-driven fraud detection, supply chain resilience, and data governance models, particularly those applied in the financial, energy, and SME sectors. The evaluation highlights the role of DIDChain in supporting secure product authentication, automated compliance auditing, and cross-border regulatory coordination. This research contributes to emerging discourse on digital trust technologies, offering a scalable and interoperable solution for ensuring drug integrity in complex and globalized pharmaceutical ecosystems.

Behzad Abdolmaleki, Daniel Slamanig

Recently, motivated by its increased use in real-world applications, there has been a growing interest on the reduction of trust in the generation of the common reference string (CRS) for zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs. This line of research was initiated by the introduction of subversion non-interactive ZK (NIZK) proofs by Bellare et al. (ASIACRYPT’16). Here, the zero-knowledge property needs to hold even in case of a malicious generation of the CRS. Groth et al. (CRYPTO’18) then introduced the notion of updatable zk-SNARKS, later adopted by Lipmaa (SCN’20) to updatable quasi-adaptive NIZK (QA-NIZK) proofs. In contrast to the subversion setting, in the updatable setting one can achieve stronger soundness guarantees at the cost of reintroducing some trust, resulting in a model in between the fully trusted CRS generation and the subversion setting. It is a promising concept, but all previous updatable constructions are ad-hoc and tailored to particular instances of proof systems. Consequently, it is an interesting question whether it is possible to construct updatable ZK primitives in a more modular way from simpler building blocks.

Umesh Bodkhe, Sudeep Tanwar, Pronaya Bhattacharya, Ashwin Verma

No abstract is available for this record.

Yannan Li, Willy Susilo, Guomin Yang, Tran Viet Xuan Phuong · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Percy Venegas

No abstract is available for this record.