Purpose India’s construction sector faces substantial challenges with project delays and cost overruns. According to the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, an astounding 431 out of 1,820 projects reported cost overruns, whereas 848 projects experienced delays in 2023. These delays and overruns often push costs 30%–40% beyond initial estimates. Blockchain technology (BCT) offers a promising solution by enhancing transparency, streamlining processes through automation and optimising supply chains in the construction industry. This study aims to explore the adoption landscape of BCT within the construction sector, the drivers behind its acceptance and future directions for its implementation. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a mixed-methods’ research design that combines both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis techniques to investigate the current use of blockchain, the perceived rationale and the future direction of blockchain in construction. A survey of construction professionals with substantial blockchain experience was conducted. In addition, an exhaustive literature review and content analysis were conducted using reputable electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and IEEE Xplore, reinforcing the study’s empirical foundation. The survey data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics to determine relative importance items using MS-Excel and SPSS. Findings Despite regulatory challenges, blockchain adoption is on the rise, with 90% of respondents expressing strong interest. Stakeholders see improved transparency and accountability as key drivers for adoption, emphasising blockchain’s capacity to support veracity and trust in construction projects. Notable benefits include enhanced communication, cost reduction, supply chain management and precise execution and monitoring. Overcoming regulatory constraints and bridging knowledge gaps will be essential to fully realising blockchain’s benefits for all players in the construction industry. Originality/value The study’s findings provide valuable insights for construction professionals, researchers and policymakers interested in adopting BCT. By clarifying the transformative potential of blockchain within the construction sector, this research study emphasises the imperatives of further study, innovation and collaborative endeavours aimed at addressing construction industry challenges and facilitating digital integration.
With the government’s emphasis on the blockchain and supply chain industry and increased policy support, the field shows a bright future. Nonetheless, the traditional supply chain finance model faces numerous challenges. This paper aims to explore how blockchain technology can be utilized to mitigate and control credit risk in supply chain finance. It will also detail the principles and characteristics of blockchain technology, including its decentralized architecture, encryption algorithms, resistance to tampering, smart contract functionalities, and more. At the same time, this paper will also analyse the shortcomings of traditional supply chain finance. Distributed ledger technology is utilized through blockchain to ensure the transparency and traceability of information, while smart contracts optimize the credit execution and supervision process, playing a key role in preventing and controlling credit risks. The article concludes by proposing innovative strategies based on blockchain technology, including constructing a credit information sharing platform, improving the credit assessment model, and establishing a risk early warning and monitoring system, with the aim of improving the efficiency and credit level of supply chain management and further promoting the healthy development of supply chain finance.
Blockchain technology, exemplified by platforms such as Ethereum and Bitcoin, is reshaping decentralised ecosystems and holds profound implications for socio-economic transformation within an increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) global environment. Yet, its broader adoption is hindered by challenges related to scalability, security, environmental sustainability, governance, and interoperability. This study, grounded in the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) framework, critically investigates these multifaceted barriers and proposes strategic interventions to optimise blockchain deployment. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative performance metrics with qualitative insights from expert interviews and case analyses. It evaluates Ethereum's transition to proof of stake (PoS), Bitcoin's evolving economic roles, and the expanding applications of blockchain in DeFi, asset tokenisation, and Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). Further, it explores governance innovations, privacy safeguards, and the emerging threat of quantum computing. The study presents empirically grounded, theoretically informed recommendations to enhance blockchain's scalability, security, and compliance, fostering ethical, inclusive, and sustainable digital futures.
Abstract The case explores Qatar’s efforts to combat accusations of greenwashing surrounding the 2022 FIFA World Cup by leveraging Alpha’s Istedama certification system and exploring the potential of blockchain, IoT, and AI technologies. Despite investing heavily in sustainability measures, Qatar faced skepticism regarding the authenticity of its claims, particularly in light of the event’s significant carbon footprint. Hamad, Alpha’s Chief Technology Officer, proposed integrating a suite of emerging technologies to enhance transparency and accountability in environmental auditing. A case study applying the three technologies to the waste management system revolutionizes waste tracking, using AI forecasting and blockchain-based verification to optimize waste management from collection to recycling. The system incentivizes responsible waste management and provides auditable, transparent certification through non-fungible tokens. While promising, the case raises questions about the feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and scalability of adopting technological solutions to address environmental sustainability concerns for mega-sport events. Can the technology foster transparency and build trust in the sustainability efforts of international sports organizations? How can we secure the collaboration of the different stakeholders involved?
Die Komplexität moderner Lieferketten erfordert die Koordination und Kommunikation einer Vielzahl an Wertschöpfungspartnern und benötigt somit resiliente und transparente Systeme, um Störungen effektiv zu bewältigen und eine verlässliche Versorgung sicherzustellen. Diese Notwendigkeit wird angesichts von unvorhergesehenen Störungen wie Pandemien, geopolitischen Konflikten wie Kriegen oder ökoligischer Rahmenbedingungen noch verstärkt und erfordert widerstandsfähige, transparente und nachhaltige Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke, um sowohl regulatorische Anforderungen als auch gesellschaftliche Erwartungen zu erfüllen. Vor diesem Hintergrund bietet die Distributed-Ledger-Technologie (DLT) durch Eigenschaften wie Unveränderlichkeit, Transparenz und Automatisierung über Smart Contracts das Potential, Kommunikationsineffizienzen, mangelnde Nachvollziehbarkeit sowie Defizite bei der Compliance-Prüfung in SC überwinden zu können. Da es sich bei DLTs jedoch um eine Technologie handelt, die erst im Jahr 2008 mit der Bitcoin-Blockchain aufkam, ist das vorhandene Wissen zum DLT-Einsatz in Lieferketten in Forschung und Praxis zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt begrenzt. Die vorliegende Dissertation adressiert dies und leitet gestaltungsorientiertes Wissen für den Einsatz von DLTs in Lieferketten her. Eingangs zeigt eine Literatur-Analyse als Teil der Dissertation, dass die Forschung bislang eine Fokussierung auf sektorspezifische Prototypen und technische Konzepte aufweist, Dies führt dazu, dass generalisierbare Erkenntnisse, praxisorientierte Implementierungs¬strategien und systematische Governance-Überlegungen weitestgehend fehlen. Aufbauend auf diesen Erkenntnissen adressieren fünf komplementäre, im Rahmen der Dissertation durchgeführte Forschungsbeiträge diese identifizierten Forschungslücken. Hierfür werden zuerst sinnvolle Einsatzgebiete für eine DLT im SC-Kontext erfasst und anschließend Erfolgsfaktoren sowie Barrieren für die technologische sowie organisatorische Einführung formuliert. Diese Erkenntnisse werden u. a. aus der Literatur sowie gescheiterten Praxisprojekten wie TradeLens oder Serai erhoben. Abschließend erfolgen gestaltungsorientierte Studien, die einen Prototypen für Zollprozesse sowie eine Interviewstudie umfassen und die identifizierten Erkenntnisse der Dissertation in 19 Gestaltungsempfehlungen zur Einführung von DLTs in Lieferketten überführen. Diese umfassen hierbei nicht nur die technische Implementierung, sondern auch Gestaltungswissen für das Betriebsmodell einer DLT, da diese von mehreren Lieferkettenparteien gemeinsam betrieben und genutzt werden muss. Die Ergebnisse zeigen somit, dass erfolgreiche DLT-Anwendungen nicht allein von technischer Machbarkeit, sondern vor allem von Governance-Strukturen, Anreizmechanismen und regulatorischer Einbettung abhängen. Damit liefert die Arbeit sowohl theoretische Beiträge zur Weiterentwicklung bestehender Rahmenwerke als auch praxisorientierte Gestaltungsempfehlungen für die schrittweise Einführung dezentraler Systemarchitekturen in Lieferketten. Die Dissertation schließt mit einem Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschung, insbesondere der Integration von DLT mit Internet-of-Things- und Electronic-Data-Interchange-Systemen.
Ports are facing growing demands to meet Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria, which brings forward considerable difficulties in managing data transparently and reliably. This paper investigates the potential of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) to strengthen ESG practices within port operations by improving the clarity, traceability, and automation of emissions data. Through qualitative analysis of key case studies and a review of existing literature on DLT in maritime logistics, the research highlights how DLT offers a decentralized and tamper-resistant way to handle ESG data. At the same time, it addresses challenges related to technology scalability, integration with current systems, and gaining stakeholder support. The results offer important perspectives for ports and policymakers as they address these challenges, helping to promote sustainability and improve adherence to regulations in the global maritime industry.
Abstract Decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), like blockchains, were expected to revolutionize the economy by solving the principal–agent problem in the corporate form. Yet, the very first DAO (“The DAO”) suffered a catastrophic hack that led to the Ethereum blockchain’s forking. Despite this failure, and the 2022 crypto markets collapse, enthusiasm for DAOs as corporate alternatives persists in crypto circles. Nine years on, however, DAOs remain a niche structure with little traction outside crypto projects. This chapter posits that this is due to fundamental flaws in the case for DAOs as corporate replacements. Crypto proponents often dismiss centralization and opacity as wholly undesirable, overlooking their functional value in business organizations. They also fail to recognize that blockchain’s security, transparency, and predictability are narrowly bound and come at a cost, rendering DAOs poorly equipped to handle the risks organizations face in the real world. These trade-offs explain why DAOs are less a revolution, more naïve wishful thinking.
Traditional systems are typically unreliable and prone to fraud, putting patient safety at risk. To solve these issues, this work proposes a blockchain-based drug tracing system that improves security, trust, and efficiency. This paper examines the use application of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), particularly blockchain, to improve drug traceability in the healthcare distribution network. Blockchain technology ensures immutability, transparency, and decentralization, allowing stakeholders to securely track drugs from manufacturing to end-user consumption. Results indicate that blockchain-based supply chains improved drug traceability with an accuracy of up to 92, significantly reducing the risk of counterfeit drug infiltration. Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) ensures secure and transparent drug traceability by providing tamper-proof recordkeeping, real-time tracking, and stakeholder verification. This greatly minimizes counterfeit drug risks and strengthens trust in the pharmaceutical distribution network.
Abstract This study explores the interplay between blockchain-based smart contracts and big data analytics for the supply chain value creation of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). We implement our Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) procedure with the ganache blockchain, and addresses generated by the Metamask wallet. Each supply chain player in the blockchain is assigned a wallet address to observe the hashes created when data is added to the blockchain. Our findings unfold that supply chain value creation emphasises traceability, transparency, security, and profit maximisation interlocked with how effectively companies utilise big data collected through blockchain-based smart contracts. This subsequentially assists managers in using data types and a variety of analytics, spanning from descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive to cognitive analytics. This synergy between the blockchain and the types of analytics provides opportunities to identify new interactions and directions for future research.
Sarfaraz Gudumian, A. Lizy, S Jagadeeswari, S. Chinnadurai · 6 authors
Blockchain technology’s secure, decentralized platforms have revolutionized multiple industries. This paper discusses possible problems with employing blockchain technology to ensure security. This poses a question about scalability, privacy, and regulatory compliance. It suggests an approach to Blockchain-based Digital Signature Security Analysis (B-DSSA). This solution increases digital signature algorithms using the transparency and immutability of blockchain. This engineering makes it possible for electronic communications to be valid, intact and non-repudiated, making it applicable for secured settings like healthcare, finance, supply chain management etc. As results indicate, substantial advances have been made in preventing unauthorized access and tampering in digital transactions. By combining public and private blockchains, this method achieves scalability while protecting the privacy of sensitive data. This configuration makes it possible for real-time applications in healthcare and finance by optimizing resource utilization, maintaining high data integrity, and enabling speedier processing. Document signing systems, identity verification, and contract execution are some of the examples showing the flexibility and endurance of blockchain-based security solutions through B-DSSA. The paper reveals how blockchain technology may revolutionize the field of safety, leading to further research on marketing orientation issues.
Mushfiquddin Rafid, Tunazzina Binta Mostafa, Rejwanul Haque Wasi, Rupok Islam Avi
The Readymade Garments Industry of Bangladesh contributes about 80% of the export earnings and is currently positioned 2nd worldwide in exporting clothes and fabric industry. The competition within this industry is intensifying rapidly. In addition to fierce global competition labor union movements and higher-quality market demands are making it more challenging for brands to maintain their foothold. This study introduces strategies that may improve the resiliency of the supply chain in Bangladesh's Garments using AI and Big Data tools. About 3-4 case study designs are used in this study to compare the technological developments in Bangladesh's RMG industry with benchmark practices in China. Secondary sources such as case studies (HLA group, Alibaba, H&M, Zara), scholarly works, industry reports, and regulatory documents were used to gather data. The study shows China's adoption of advanced AI tools such as AI-based quality control cameras, Big Query to data analyze, blockchain platforms like Hyperledger Fabric, AI-generated digital patterns and Ethereum-based solutions, and physics-based simulators for garment modeling, which is contributing at an streamline operations, enhance transparency. On the other hand, Bangladesh has applied innovations like computer vision for quality inspections (Aamra vision by Amara technologies limited) and predictive analytics for supply chain planning and many . Development is still hampered by inadequate investment in digital technologies, a lack of qualified personnel, and inadequate infrastructure. Bangladesh's apparel and garments industry can improve supply chain resilience, lower costs, and improve compliance with international standards by giving targeted investments in AI and big data and making them a top priority. To ensure sustainability and long-term competitiveness, this study offers policymakers, governments and business executives practical suggestions for unlocking the full potential of AI and big data.
Mir Mehedi Rahman, Bishwo Prakash Pokharel, Sayed Abu Sayeed, Sujan Bhowmik · 6 authors
In the evolving landscape of cybersecurity, traditional information technology (IT) infrastructures often struggle to meet the demands of modern risk management frameworks, which require enhanced security, scalability, and analytical capabilities. This paper proposes a novel artificial intelligence (AI)–driven IT infrastructure backed by blockchain technology, specifically designed to optimize risk management processes in diverse organizational environments. By leveraging artificial intelligence for predictive analytics, anomaly detection, and data-driven decision-making, combined with blockchain’s secure and immutable ledger for data integrity and transparency, the proposed infrastructure offers a robust solution to existing challenges in risk management. The infrastructure is adaptable and scalable to support a variety of risk management methodologies, providing a more secure, efficient, and intelligent system. The findings highlight significant improvements in the accuracy, speed, and reliability of risk management, underscoring the infrastructure’s capability to proactively address emerging cyber threats. To ensure the proposed model effectively addresses the most critical issues, the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique will be used to analyze and evaluate the interrelationships among the existing critical factors. This approach evaluates the interrelationships and impacts of these factors, verifying the model’s comprehensiveness in managing organizational risk. This study lays the foundation for future research aimed at refining AI-driven infrastructures and exploring their broader applications in enhancing organizational cybersecurity.
Purpose Under the current untrusted business environment, digital technologies, such as blockchain technology (BT), show the potential to digitally transform SC processes particularly the sourcing process (SP). Indeed, this process suffers from a lack of digitalization, a lack of trust and a high workload in the automotive supply chain (ASC). Therefore, BT coupled with smart contracts can deal with such issues by fostering trust, transparency, reliability and traceability as a digital solution. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts multiple case studies in the automotive sector and interviews 11 managers from two firms. It follows the managers’ perspective to identify and analyze the main issues that occurred while conducting this process using the existing technology. Findings It proposes a new architecture for the smart sourcing process (SSP) that uses BT & smart contracts to mitigate the identified issues, enable traceability, improve resilience, eliminate intermediaries, automate tasks, and enhance trust and data management. Also, the paper provides a decision tree to help determine which blockchain platform is needed for adopting the SSP solution. Practical implications This study is useful for both academics and practitioners as it demonstrates the digitalization of one of the SC processes using BT and smart contracts, as well as develops a roadmap for digitalizing the SP of the ASC, and solves its vulnerabilities. Originality/value BT has been used by researchers to digitalize the sourcing process only in the public procurement area. Considering all the faced challenges by the private procurement area, this paper aims to present a new architecture for the digitalization of the SP using BT and smart contracts in the ASC as a private SC.
Cross-border logistics, as a key index connecting the economic activities of different countries and regions, has become increasingly important. However, cross-border logistics industry has faced challenges such as information asymmetry, data silos, and high fraud risks, which seriously constrain the productiveness and credibility of the supply chain, increase logistics costs, and affect customer experience. As a new direction of information technology development, blockchain technology (BT) provides an innovative path to solve these problems with its unique advantages of decentralization, tamper-proof data, high transparency, and traceability. This article proposes a BT-based cross-border logistics data sharing and exchange model. This model achieves real-time sharing and full traceability of logistics information through the distributed ledger technology of blockchain, breaking down data silos and enhancing the authenticity and credibility of data. The experimental results show that the proposed cross-border logistics data sharing and exchange model enhances supply chain transparency, fosters trust among stakeholders, reduces logistics costs, and boosts customer satisfaction.
The integration of blockchain technology into automated incident management systems represents a significant advancement in securing and validating system logs and incident records. This article presents a comprehensive article analysis of blockchain's application in incident management, examining its role in creating immutable audit trails and enhancing security controls. Through systematic review of implementation patterns and industry case studies, the article explores how distributed ledger technology addresses traditional challenges in log integrity and incident response validation. The article investigates the architectural frameworks necessary for successful blockchain integration, including considerations for scalability, performance, and regulatory compliance. The findings demonstrate that blockchain-based incident management systems offer enhanced transparency, improved audit capabilities, and robust security measures compared to traditional approaches. Additionally, the article examines emerging patterns in enterprise adoption, implementation challenges, and the synergies between blockchain and other emerging technologies in the incident management landscape. This article contributes to the growing body of knowledge on blockchain applications in enterprise security operations and provides a framework for organizations considering blockchain adoption for their incident management processes. The article concludes with recommendations for implementation and identifies areas for future research in this rapidly evolving field.