Animal shelters are known as safe places which are managed by governmental or nongovernmental organizations, however the way these establishments harboring animals is a controversial issue. Almost every country in the world have different approaches to that subject. As an example; United States of America and the Europe Union have acclaimed regulations about animal rights. However, the situation in many countries is not that bright for the stray animals. Stray animals face considerable ratios of violence, assault and death. The shelters have conspicuous problems, such as overpopulation, hunger, lack of space, forced mating, illegal euthanasia and death ratio. Those circumstances have put adopting and fostering mechanisms on a much more troublesome way. Our proposal includes a promising, trackable and transparent system solution based on blockchain technology for the animal shelters. Design of the system, requirements and possible usage scenarios have been proposed. The prototype is implemented on Ethereum. Smart contracts are implemented for autonomous work of the system.
The need for beef supply chain traceability system is vital due to increase in counterfeiting and use of excessive preservatives and hazardous chemicals. To overcome these problems, it is needed a system which provides the option for the consumer to verify the origin of all input materials for food product based on one step forward and one step backward in supply chain mechanism. Blockchain technology is used as the solution to this problem. This paper aims to identify the requirement and designing the traceability system that could capture all relevant data. The design of beef supply chain traceability system will be described as a business process flow with BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation), in which BPMN will be described the stakeholders involved with the task and needs of the designed system. Based on requirement analysis, this system composed of 4 stakeholders, namely the farmer, feedlot, industry, and retailer. The result showed that the blockchain can create a transparent and efficient supply chain through sharing data between the stakeholders.
Blockchain technology has positively impacted traceability across various industries such as logistics and shipping. By overcoming the problem of data silos among organizations and concentration of authority, this innovative approach allows a decentralized and tamper-resistant ledger to be built. On the other hand, the use of non-fungible tokens, a new concept for projecting digital and physical goods on a blockchain, is expected to be able to represent complicated operations in traceability systems. However, the existing token design lacks an efficient model for retrieval of past histories. The most popular way to retrieve past information on tokens is to use blockchain explorers, which are centralized trusted parties. Otherwise, so far there is only a naive way to examine all block headers, and it takes a vast amount of time. Our preliminary study shows that the processing time for retrieving all histories of 1,030 tokens on the Ethereum mainnet takes approximately 57 minutes. We propose a new token design based on a directed acyclic graph (DAG) that allows token histories to be efficiently explored without examining the whole blockchain. The model associates each state of the token from past to latest and covers expressions of relationships between tokens, such as merge and split. Our implementation and evaluation reveal that the DAG-based token design significantly improves the efficiency of exploring token transfer histories. The results show that our method can complete the exploration for 1,030 tokens in a matter of seconds and maintains performance over the long term even if the blockchain grows.
Geetanjali Ramesh Chandra, Iman Ali Liaqat, Bhoopesh Kumar Sharma
This paper aims to address the various challenges of the Halal Food Industry and how far the emerging Distributed Ledger Technology, Blockchain, can play a role in redefining the current system. Blockchain technology allows users to assess all transactions simultaneously and in real-time, enforcing transparency, safety, authenticity, and auditability. Blockchain along with other disruptive technologies, like IoT and AI, will allow stakeholders to retrieve the high-quality information required to make more informed choices. The Islamic teachings followed in preparation of halal food are principles not only followed by Muslims but every person soughing to have hygienic, healthy food. With the rise of the Halal Food sector, organizations must find ways to increase their supply chain efficiency and Blockchain promises to fill that gap with higher transparency and assurance of Halal compliance. A demonstration is provided to have an insight on how the Blockchain technology would shape the Halal Food Supply Chain and an experimental study is also carried out on Hyperledger Fabric Composer - Playground - to analyze how ownership of halal product may be tracked.
This paper presents a framework for traceable and transparent supply chain management (SCM) system for the agri-food sector using blockchain technology in Malaysia. Numerous researchers believed that the current SCM system consists of several weak points, especially when multiple enterprise resource planning (ERP) system utilizing centralized SCM. Thus, data transparency and traceability are limited. This study hypothesized that if blockchain technology correlates with transparency and traceability of SCM, the above limitation can be minimized, as blockchain technology works in a distributed manner. This research uses “pepper” as an agri-food domain. The research also recommends that permissioned blockchain is a better fit as compared to permissionless blockchain.
Ravi Kumar, H.L. Gururaj, Manoj Athreya A, Nagarajath S. M · 5 authors
As the whole world is moving towards digital payments, ethers and the transaction methods with quick payment features are stored in a blockchain in a distributed network. To adopt pet animals, this technology provides security and flexibility to users. The distributed network is a network system through which data, software and computer programming are spread across on more than one node(computers) and these nodes are dependent on each other. It is nothing but a peer-to-peer network which eliminates a single point of failure. The blockchain is a growing list of records called blocks, that are linked using cryptography. It is a decentralised, distributed and an immutable ledger to store digital transactions. Its databases are managed using a peer-to-peer network where all the nodes in a network are equal and are the major concern in the types of network architecture. The consensus protocol is used for transacting and communicating between the nodes. In this paper, a unique way of adopting pets is proposed where the transaction details are stored in a blockchain whereby using hash value returns further details of the transaction. It provides users more convenient access in adopting pets and provides a better approach to the existing centralised system.