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3,460 results ¡ page 74 of 145
Rahul Mishra, Dharavath Ramesh, Damodar Reddy Edla, Lianyong Qi
No abstract is available for this record.
Vasista Sai Venkata Durga Prasad Lodagala, Pallav Kumar Baruah
No abstract is available for this record.
Mohammad Ali Saberi, Mehdi Adda, Hamid Mcheick
The recently proposed Blockchain-based healthcare system proposes an interesting vision for the level of data integrity and security. This research aims to propose a conceptual model of a break-glass conceptual for Blockchain-based healthcare systems. In case of emergency, it provides access to the whole patientâs medical records for healthcare professionals as quickly as possible regarding patientsâ privacy and data security. The proposed conceptual model was designed based on blockchain technology, IPFS (InterPlanetary File System), and ABAC (Attribute-Based Access control) as a novel design in this domain. In current healthcare systems, regulatory and non-integrated offline data sources make it near impossible for timely access to patientsâ EHRs and EMRs, even in case of emergencies for healthcare professionals. Our conceptual model could be a satisfactory alternative not only for patients but also for governing organizations to handle this situation clearly by regarding patientsâ privacy. Additionally, it can work in an untrusted environment, and it doesnât require bypassing the access control system to make the patientsâ data available. In case of emergencies, healthcare professionals receive medical records access near just in time with regard to all the rights of security and privacy based on the attribute which were set by the patients in the past. This novel conceptual model has been designed by coupling Blockchain technology with IPFS, and the attribute base control system (ABAC).
Pengfan Yue, Heng Pan
No abstract is available for this record.
M.V. Hegde, Rohini R. Rao, B. Nikhil
Patients go to multiple healthcare providers for treatment, and their health data is generally distributed among providers. The distributed health data and the decentralized health care system structure make it ideal for blockchain-based health information systems. The authors consider the referral use case; for instance, a patient goes to his primary health Centre (PHC) for treatment and is referred to a hospital. Authentication is usually done using certificates or key cryptography, which could become cumbersome when multiple parties are involved in a healthcare interaction. The security requirements were defined, and a novel multi-party, mutual patient identity authentication scheme called “Distributed Dynamic Mutual Identity Authentication (DDMIA)” was proposed for the referral use case in a blockchain-based e-health network. The DDMIA enables the PHC to authenticate the patient to the referred hospital. The DDMIA scheme was designed using Elliptic Curve Cryptography. It was proven to be secure by assuming the hardness of the elliptic curve discrete log problem (ECDLP) and Elliptic curve computational Diffie–Hellman problem (ECDH) using CK-Model. The formal security analysis using BAN logic proved that the sessions are secure after authentication. The DDMIA scheme was simulated in the AVISPA tool and proven safe against all active attacks. DDMIA scheme was simulated in the AVISPA tool and proven safe against all active attacks. The scheme allows a patient to be authenticated by multiple parties without registering with all parties. It eliminates the need for multiple registration centers as well as digital certificates. Hence, the DDMIA scheme can be implemented for similar multiparty authentication requirements in blockchain-based networks.
Authors unavailable
The main aim of the paper is to contribute to the discussion of cryptocurrency pricing through asset pricing models. The paper develops multifactor models for the cryptocurrency valuation and discusses the elements of these models based on the literature review of scholarly articles, books, and scientific databases. We further developed the models from unit factor to five factors in order to observe whether the development is achieved by adding new factors into the model. Consequently, we pointed out the most influential factor that determines the value of cryptocurrencies.
Zeyuan Yin, Bingsheng Zhang, Jingzhong Xu, Kaiyu Lu ¡ 5 authors
With the advancement of blockchain technology, hundreds of cryptocurrencies have been deployed. The bloom of heterogeneous blockchain platforms brings a new emerging problem: typically, various blockchains are isolated systems, how to securely identify and/or transfer digital properties across blockchains? There are three main kinds of cross-chain approaches: sidechains/relays, notaries, and hashed time-lock contracts. Among them, notary-based cross-chain solutions have the best compatibility and user-friendliness, but they are typically centralized. To resolve this issue, we present Bool Network â an open, distributed, secure cross-chain notary platform powered by MPC-based distributed key management over evolving hidden committees. More specifically, to protect the identities of the committee members, we propose a Ring verifiable random function (Ring VRF) protocol, where the real public key of a VRF instance can be hidden among a ring, which may be of independent interest to other cryptographic protocols. Furthermore, all the key management procedures are executed in the TEE, such as Intel SGX, to ensure the privacy and integrity of partial key components. A prototype of the proposed Bool Network is implemented in Rust language, using Polkadot Substrate.
Vladimir N. Podoprigora
Transfer from the Internet of information to the Internet of values based on the blochain-based trust protocol offers new opportunities for preservation and management of intellectual products. However, the advantages of blockchain-technology, e.g. distributed ledgers, absence of single point of failure, smartcontracts, etc., have not got into the focus of libraries. E-library technologies are reviewed in brief. The efforts to acquire blockchain-based decentralized information systems are described. Possible scenarios for using blockchain-technologies in the libraries of future are discussed.
Geoffroy Couteau, Maryam Zarezadeh
No abstract is available for this record.
Zhonghao Yuan, Jiaojiao Wu, Jianpeng Gong, Yao Liu ¡ 6 authors
Data owners outsource their data to remote storage providers without keeping local replicas to save their precious storage resources. However, the ownership and management of data are separated after outsourcing. How to ensure the integrity and recoverability of outsourced data becomes a significant problem. Provable Data Possession (PDP) and Proofs of Retrievability (POR) are two cryptographic protocols that enable users to verify the integrity of outsourced data. Nevertheless, the stateâofâtheâart PDP and POR schemes either need users to perform the complicated audit tasks by themselves or delegate these tasks to a ThirdâParty Auditor (TPA). Moreover, these schemes are constructed on a centralized storage framework which vulnerably suffers singleâpointâofâfailure. In this paper, we propose a blockchainâbased decentralized selfâauditing scheme with batch verification. Firstly, data owners outsource their data to decentralized storage nodes, which can achieve selfâauditing based on blockchain without TPA. Secondly, our scheme uses Pedersenâbased polynomial commitment to significantly reduce the number of authenticators. Furthermore, we propose a batch verification algorithm, which can verify multiple proofs from different storage nodes to improve the verification efficiency. Finally, we analyze the security of our scheme and implement a gasâefficient system prototype using the smart contracts of the Ethereum Reposten test network. The results demonstrate that the scheme is practical.
Walid Fdhila, Nicholas Stifter, Aljosha Judmayer
No abstract is available for this record.
Yiran Zhang, Huizheng Geng, Li Su, Lu Li
The cloud storage service provides the storage and access function for massive data, reducing the management cost for large amounts of data. The data integrity verification scheme in cloud storage can be employed to help users confirm the integrity of outsourced data. Although public data integrity verification schemes allow users to outsource data integrity verification to third-party auditor (TPA), there are still many problems with centralized TPA in terms of security and efficiency. In recent years, researchers have tried to apply blockchain technology to solve the centralization problem of traditional methods, but these schemes do not pay attention to the problem of efficiency degradation caused by the use of blockchain technology. This paper proposes an efficient data integrity verification scheme for multi-cloud storage services by using blockchain technology. The overall verification can verify the integrity of multiple CSPs, which solves the problems of low computational efficiency. Local verification can trace the source to the specific damaged CSP, which is more secure and reliable. In addition, this paper puts the data verification process directly in the blockchain for public execution and provides data integrity verification services without the assistance of any third-party audit platform, avoiding the security problems caused by untrusted TPA. Theoretical analysis and experiments verify the safety and effectiveness of the scheme.
Yongqing Xu, Kaiyi Zhang, Yu Yu
No abstract is available for this record.
Bo Zhang, Helei Cui, Yaxing Chen, Xiaoning Liu ¡ 6 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Ba-Lam Do, Van-Thanh Nguyen, Hoang-Nam Dinh, Thanh-Chung Dao ¡ 5 authors
In recent years, blockchain technology has been applied in the educational domain because of its salient advantages, i.e., transparency, decentralization, and immutability. Available systems typically use public blockchain networks such as Ethereum and Bitcoin to store learning results. However, the cost of writing data on these networks is significant, making educational institutions limit data sent to the target network, typically containing only hash codes of the issued certificates. In this paper, we present a system based on a private blockchain network for lifelong learning data authentication and management named B4E (Blockchain For Education). B4E stores not only certificates but also learnersâ training data such as transcripts and educational programs in order to create a complete record of the lifelong education of each user and verify certificates that they have obtained. As a result, B4E can address two types of fake certificates, i.e., certificates printed by unlawful organizations and certificates issued by educational institutions for learners who have not met the training requirements. In addition, B4E is designed to allow all participants to easily deploy software packages to manage, share, and check stored information without depending on a single point of access. As such, the system enhances the transparency and reliability of the stored data. Our experiments show that B4E meets expectations for deployment in reality.
Hui Han, Wunan Wan, Jinquan Zhang, Zhi Qin ¡ 7 authors
With the growing maturity of blockchain technology, its peer-to-peer model and fully duplicated data storage pattern enable blockchain to act as a distributed ledger in untrustworthy environments. Blockchain storage has also become a research hotspot in industry, finance, and academia due to its security, and its unique data storage management model is gradually becoming a key technology to play its value in various fieldsâ applications. However, with the increasing amount of data written into the blockchain, the blockchain system faces many problems in its actual implementation of the application, such as high storage space occupation, low data flexibility and availability, low retrieval efficiency, poor scalability, etc. To improve the above problems, this paper combines off-chain storage technology and de-duplication technology to optimize the blockchain storage model. Firstly, this paper adopts the double-chain model to reduce the data storage of the major chain system, which stores a small amount of primary data and supervises the vice chain through an Application Programming Interface (API). The vice chain stores a large number of copies of data as well as non-transactional data. Our model divides the vice chain storage system into two layers, including a storage layer and a processing layer. In the processing layer, deduplication technology is applied to reduce the redundancy of vice chain data. Our double-chain storage model with high scalability enhances data flexibility, is more suitable as a distributed storage system, and performs well in data retrieval.
S. Haga, Kazumasa Omote
In recent years, the spread of information and communication technology has led to the emergence of e-government, which is the electronic replacement of government services. E-government is said to be compatible with blockchain technology, which has led to various studies on the possibility. Notarization, one of the functions of the government, has particularly been examined for the potential adoption of blockchain technology. However, because the notary public must authenticate the document’s contents during the notarization process, they have been difficult to replace with smart contracts. In this study, we focus only on fixed date notarizations and propose a fully automated notarization system by combining a national eID card with Public Key Infrastructure and smart contracts. A fixed date is a notarization that allows a notary public to guarantee that a document existed, regardless of the authenticity of the document’s content. Therefore, it can be replaced by a smart contract. Specifically, our proposed system automatically authenticates the creator and the document for electronic documents signed with a national eID card and uses the transaction receipt generated when the information is stored on the blockchain as a certificate of notarization. Verification of the signed data is done inside the blockchain by smart contracts, which eliminates the need for a verification authority. We further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in a Japanese use case as proof of concept.
Chenlu Jia, Yue Geng, Shuo Sun
With the popularity of cloud computing, cloud storage, as a part of cloud computing services, has also attracted extensive attention because of its flexibility and low-cost economic expenditure. On the basis of searchable access, this paper combines blockchain with searchable access, and proposes a dynamic verifiable ciphertext retrieval scheme based on blockchain. This scheme is mainly applied to the private cloud environment that needs to ensure the absolute security of data, such as the database of confidential institutions. Through the characteristics of Ethereum account, authorized access control in one to many environment can be realized. Relying on the characteristics of Ethereum, it solves the problem of the correctness of the results returned by the malicious server. And aiming at the problem that the ECS does not update data, this scheme innovatively solves the verification of the returned results during data update by introducing the aggregated message authentication code technology. The scheme also supports forward and backward security to ensure that no privacy will be disclosed during data update. At the same time, experimental tests are carried out on the three aspects of index generation, retrieval and verification. The test results show that the scheme has high efficiency.
A. D. Kendall, Arijit Das, Bruce Nagy, Bonnie Johnson ¡ 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Hanan E. Alhazmi, Fathy Eassa, Suhelah M. Sandokji
The world is facing a growth in the amount and variety of data generated by both users and machines. Despite the exponential increases, the tools and technologies developed to manage these data volumes are not intended to meet security and data protection requirements. Additionally, most of the current big data security systems are offered by a centralized third party, which is vulnerable to many security threats. Blockchain technology plays a significant role by addressing modern technology concerns such as decentralization, non-tampering, trust, data ownership, and traceability, making it great potential to protect personal information. This research presents a new big data security solution empowered by blockchain technology and incorporates fragmentation, encryption, and access control techniques. Our proposed fragmentation algorithm takes into account the data ownerâs demand for encryption to be added to the fragmentation process. Furthermore, data fragments will be stored in the distributed manner offered by the big data environment, resulting in an additional layer of data protection. In order to achieve an optimal security solution, we aim to enhance big data security with acceptable overhead and avoid the encryption overhead for non-sensitive and low-sensitive data portions. We present the results of our implemented techniques to highlight that the overheads (in terms of computation time) introduced by our solution are negligible relative to its security and privacy gains.
Lanxin Jiang, Yu Gu, Wenjun Yu, Jun Dai
No abstract is available for this record.
Bahaa Razia, Bahaa Awwad
No abstract is available for this record.
Guohua Tian, Jianghong Wei, MirosĹaw KutyĹowski, Willy Susilo ¡ 6 authors
Driven by various legal obligations and service requirements, the redactable blockchain was introduced to balance the modifiability and immutability of blockchain technology. However, such a blockchain inevitably generates one or even more acceptable versions for the same block data, enabling malicious full nodes to deceive light/new nodes with old data, and even disrupt the consistency of the blockchain ledger. In this paper, we introduce the concept of verifiable redactable blockchain (VRBC) to provide efficient validity verification for on-chain data. To this end, we design a novel authentication data structure, called blockchain authentication tree (BAT), which employs a chameleon hash function and aggregatable vector commitment to bind continuously-appended blocks. Based on this, we propose an efficient VRBC scheme supporting integrity auditing, which not only allows the light nodes to query and validate on-chain data, but also enables new nodes to check the integrity of the blockchain ledger before synchronizing it, effectively avoiding resource waste and security risks caused by invalid queries and ledger synchronization. Furthermore, we introduce some optimized strategies to improve the performance of our scheme and extend it to transaction-level and permissionless VRBC. Finally, we demonstrate the practicability of our scheme through detailed security analysis and visual performance evaluation.
A. Ross Taylor, Austin Kugler, Praneeth Babu Marella, Gaby G. Dagher
Achieving interoperability between healthcare providers is a major challenge. Current systems for managing prescription records suffer from data siloing, unnecessary record duplication, and slow record transfers. In many systems, patients do not retain control over their prescription data. Instead, they must use an intermediary to access or transfer their records. Furthermore, record transfers suffer from differing standards between providers, outdated communication methods, and information blocking. Solving these problems necessitates the creation of an interoperable prescription management system. Realizing such a system requires considering security, efficiency, scalability, and other challenges. Recent regulatory actions attempt to address these challenges, but fundamental issues persist. This paper proposes a patient-centric and interoperable prescription system that ensures patient control, prevents information blocking, and improves transfer efficiency. We call our solution VigilRxâa system that uses blockchain and smart contracts to manage prescriptions. Stakeholders exist as one of three role-based smart contracts within the system: patient, prescriber, or pharmacy. These role contracts ensure the system is patient-centric by assigning ownership of prescription records directly to patients. Our smart contracts also ensure the systemâs interoperability, as we use a standardized prescription contract to ensure records can be easily managed. VigilRxâs use of blockchain also promotes transparency by providing patients an explicit list of parties that hold permission to access their records. Use of existing software patterns allows the system to adapt as needed. We implement VigilRx and show that it is both scalable and efficient.