Joshua Tan, Max Langenkamp, Anna Weichselbraun, Ann Brody · 5 authors
The governance of online communities has been a critical issue since the first USENET groups, and a number of serious constitutions -- declarations of goals, values, and rights -- have emerged since the mid-1990s. More recently, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) have begun to publish their own constitutions, manifestos, and other governance documents. There are two unique aspects to these documents: they (1) often govern significantly more resources than previously-observed online communities, and (2) are used in conjunction with smart contracts that can secure certain community rights and processes through code. In this article, we analyze 25 DAO constitutions, observe a number of common patterns, and provide a template and a set of recommendations to support the crafting and dissemination of future DAO constitutions. We conclude with a report on how our template and recommendations were then used within the actual constitutional drafting process of a major blockchain.
This article investigates the intricate dynamics of data monopolies, referred to as “data-opolies”, and their implications for democratic erosion. Data-opolies, typically embodied by large technology corporations, accumulate extensive datasets, affording them significant influence. The sustainability of such data practices is critically examined within the context of decentralized Web3 technologies amidst Artificial Intelligence (AI) disruption. Additionally, the article explores emancipatory datafication strategies to counterbalance the dominance of data-opolies. It presents an in-depth analysis of two emergent phenomena within the decentralized Web3 emerging landscape: People-Centered Smart Cities and Datafied Network States. The article investigates a paradigm shift in data governance and advocates for joint efforts to establish equitable data ecosystems, with an emphasis on prioritizing data sovereignty and achieving digital self-governance. It elucidates the remarkable roles of (i) blockchain, (ii) decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and (iii) data cooperatives in empowering citizens to have control over their personal data. In conclusion, the article introduces a forward-looking examination of Web3 decentralized technologies, outlining a timely path toward a more transparent, inclusive, and emancipatory data-driven democracy. This approach challenges the prevailing dominance of data-opolies and offers a framework for regenerating datafied democracies through decentralized and emerging Web3 technologies.
Vibha Nehra, Aakarsh MJ, Hitesh Khanna, Naman Jindal
Decentralized digital identity verification systems based on blockchain technology, or D.D.I.V.S as they are popularly known, are linchpins for an entirely new way of authenticating our online identities. These systems possess a number of obvious merits compared to the traditional methods of identity verification, for instance elevated security level, privacy protection and practicability. This article introduces a Prototype system using MetaMask, a very well-known cryptocurrency wallet and Web3 gateway. The system offers significantly superior results than traditional approaches. Its parts include user registration and data extraction by means of public key registration, secure key storage with MetaMask, an uninterrupted connection between D-Apps (Decentralized Applications) and the wallet; and application of asymmetric cryptography to data encryption and decryption. Strict testing has confirmed the MetaMask-powered prototype system can provide a secure, private and practical decentralized digital identification verification platform. That heralds a promising change for all of us
Chapter 8 summarizes the key challenges emerging for practitioners as digital transformation and the recent COVID-19 pandemic continue to reshape the luxury watch environment. Thus, the final chapter provides a practical outlook on future drivers of competition and growth in the luxury watch industry. Going beyond the Swiss context, the chapter reflects on cutting-edge technologies such as the transformative Web3 and the changing demands of younger consumer generations. Consequently, the implications of blockchain technologies and NFTs as competitive drivers and backbones of a decentralized Internet of tomorrow are discussed. Ultimately, the future outlook provided in the chapter includes a discussion on how Web3 may change the luxury industry, in general, and the luxury watch sector, in particular, given the potential to provide consumers with a personalization far beyond the physical product in online and offline environments.
Decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) are not a novel social phenomenon; rather, they draw inspiration from self-organizing systems and are often regarded as digital counterparts of cooperatives (Co-ops), wherein members fully own and govern the organization. The advancement of digital solutions for decentralization, such as Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), along with the emergence of the third generation of websites (Web3) and platforms, has propelled DAOs to a new echelon. As such, DAOs represent the next generation of organizations, aptly referred to as Organization 5.0 in the context of Society 5.0. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolutionary trajectory of decentralized autonomous organizations and their classification. The advent of Ethereum in 2015 enabled the realization of DAOs, with "The DAO" being the first large-scale example established in 2016 as a decentralized venture fund within the Ethereum ecosystem. Over time, DAOs have expanded their scope beyond fundraising and have evolved to serve various purposes. To provide a comprehensive context, the paper presents background information on the evolution of blockchain applications and discusses ethical considerations related to DAOs. In order to identify the most common categories of DAOs, this paper consults various DAO explorers and include, for each identified category, a descriptive example of a DAO. Finally, the paper concludes by offering an outlook on the future of DAOs.
Web3 encompasses decentralized finance (DeFi), which leverages blockchain and smart contracts to create an open and accessible financial system. They promote decentralization, trust, and innovation across industries. However, challenges include scalability, energy consumption, price volatility, regulatory uncertainty, and security vulnerabilities. Governments are working on regulatory frameworks, and adoption is growing. Education and awareness are crucial. In particular, there is a need to identify and address the technical, economic, social, and legal issues that may arise from the adoption and implementation of Web 3.0, including concerns around governance, scalability, interoperability, security, and regulation. Therefore, the purpose of the book chapter is to cover the key issues and challenges associated with blockchain technology and to develop a comprehensive understanding of the opportunities and limitations of this technology in order to inform the development and adoption of Web 3.0 applications and services.
The advantages of publicly distributed, transparent, accountable, traceable, safe, and well organized database ledger has made the blockchain technology gained popularity and acceptance. As the world keeps growing in the knowledge and the adoption of the technology, it is very important to practically harness the opportunities in this technology in land administration system to combat the insecurity, poor database and copyright challenges facing land ownership transactions in the Cadastre System in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to examine the practicability of harnessing the Web3 Technology in Land Ownership Transactions with an objective to mint and transact a Registrable Instrument on a cryptographic blockchain. To achieve this, two Non- Fungible Token (NFT) accounts were created on Core blockchain, two templates of survey plans were also minted into an Art NFT on the same blockchain. The Minted NFTs were transacted (transferred and sold) between the two accounts on the YoungParrot NFT marketplace. These two transactions (sales and transfer) were completed, recorded and stored on the blockchain public ledger, with evidence that can be traced and viewed on the blockchain using the transaction hash/ID. The blockchain transaction was found to be fast, effortless, secured and organized on the blockchain transaction ledger, hence presenting the Web3 blockchain Technology as a possible solution to the challenges facing the Cadastre System. However, the acceptance of the technology in land administration, land ownership and transactions still face some other administrative challenges which this paper further addressed.
This paper explores the relationship between the development of the internet and health care, highlighting their parallel growth and mutual influence. It delves into the transition from the early, static days of Web 1.0, akin to siloed physician expertise in health care, to the more interactive and patient-centric era of Web 2.0, which was accompanied by advancements in medical technologies and patient engagement. This paper then focuses on the emerging era of Web3-the decentralized web-which promises a transformative shift in health care, particularly in how patient data are managed, accessed, and used. This shift toward Web3 involves using blockchain technology for decentralized data storage to enhance patient data access, control, privacy, and value. This paper also examines current applications and pilot projects demonstrating Web3's practical use in health care and discusses key questions and considerations for its successful implementation.
Through the development of the metaverse concept from the Sumerian myth (5500 - 1800 BC) and mind-altering novel, “Snow Crash” in 1992, to today’s information age, human- and society-centred urban metaverse worlds, an extension of residents and urban society where the virtual and the physically real blend and are more organically integrated, are meant to mirror the fabric of urban life with no harm to their residents. The success of urban metaverse cybercommunities depends on the quality of data-driven Smart City (SC) Digital Twins (DTs), the seamless exchange of data between cyber and physical worlds (e.g. between residents and their counterpart “Avatars’’) and the processing of the data effectively and efficiently with no vicious interventions. The potential risks in this ecosystem that incorporates Web3 can be extremer than the ones in Web2 since users are immersed with multiple tightly coupled wearable sensor-rich devices perceiving the blend of the real and the virtual with possible imminent negative experiences. This study, by analysing potential cyberthreats in the urban metaverse cyberspaces, proposes a blockchain-based Decentralised Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (DPPML) authentication and verification technique, which uses the metaverse immersive devices and can be instrumented effectively against identity impersonation and theft of credentials, identity, or avatars.
In the context of extreme societal polarization, activists have mobilized to protest injustices and claim their rights, yet such efforts often fall short of goals because demands normally are directed to government or firms that offer superficial responses. Communitarianism, which broadly strives for autonomy from established institutions, promises the development of self-provisioning communities based on cooperative networks and participatory, democratic governance that prioritizes use over exchange value and redistribution over profitable activity for individuals. The emergence of Web3 and blockchain technology has ushered in new affordances such as scaling a communitarian enterprise and exchange of value independent of banks or other institutions. Whereas market-based organizations use Web 3 affordances for accounting purposes for profit, communitarian organizations aim to link accounting with designs to inject capital into a commons to support self-governing communities in community-based peer production (CBPP). To exemplify the broad range of approaches to the multifaceted goals of CBPP, I focus on FairCoop and Sensorica. Despite considerable differences, these organizations nonetheless share problems and generally are illustrative of longstanding challenges to communitarian enterprises – digitalized and non-digitalized alike. Perennial problems such as the fraught capitalist/postcapitalist relation, self-interest, uneven power relations, lack of diversity, and the challenge of responding adequately to societal needs combine with effects of automated governance and associated effects of technocracy that can dissolve founding values to threaten the integrity of a communitarian collective. CBPP as well as its non-digitalized counterparts are important contributions to humanity, but goals and actual practices can diverge. CBPP requires vigilant designs that complement rather than replace human decision making with algorithmic governance and pay attention to reflexivity and positionality, continualre-design to engage unanticipated problems, and distance actually existing projects from discourses that reify patterns such as decentralization with the consequence of missing crucial contextual knowledges.
ABSTRAK Penelitian mengenai Analisis Verifikasi Proof of Stake (PoS) NFT dengan Teknologi Smart Contract, yang dilakukan melalui metode eksperimental, menghasilkan pencapaian yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Peneliti berhasil mengembangkan dan menjalankan sistem sesuai dengan tujuan yang diinginkan. Beberapa pencapaian utama mencakup implementasi berhasil dari proses verifikasi PoS, serta proses Stake, Unstake, dan Claim yang menggunakan integrasi Web3 dan dompet Metamask. Rekam transaksi dengan akurat mencatat waktu pengirim dan penerima bersama dengan prosedur verifikasi pemilik. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini menyajikan analisis perbandingan antara Proof of Work (PoW) dan Proof of Stake (PoS). Temuan penelitian menunjukkan keunggulan Proof of Stake (PoS) dalam efisiensi waktu transaksi, biaya transaksi yang lebih rendah, peningkatan keamanan melalui pemilihan validator yang cermat, dan ketahanan terhadap berbagai jenis serangan. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini mengukuhkan keefektifan dan keunggulan implementasi Proof of Stake (PoS) dalam konteks Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) menggunakan Smart Contract. ABSTRACT The research on the Analysis Verification of Proof of Stake (PoS) NFT Smart Contract Technology, conducted through experimental methods, has yielded successful outcomes aligning with the research objectives. The researcher has successfully developed and executed the system, achieving the intended goals. Key accomplishments include the successful implementation of the PoS verification process, as well as the Stake, Unstake, and Claim processes, utilizing Web3 and Metamask wallet integration. Transaction records accurately capture the timing of sender and receiver actions, alongside owner verification procedures. Furthermore, the research presents a comparative analysis between Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS). The findings underscore the superiority of Proof of Stake (PoS) in terms of transaction time efficiency, lower transaction costs, enhanced security through meticulous validator selection, and resilience against various types of attacks. Overall, the research substantiates the efficacy and advantages of implementing Proof of Stake (PoS) in the context of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) using Smart Contracts.
This Article explores the evolving concept of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) in the context of Web3 technology. It raises critical questions about whether DAOs truly represent a step forward in limiting liability in entity governance structures or if they risk centralizing the decentralized. The text discusses the potential of DAOs to address regulatory and tax challenges while also highlighting concerns about their legitimacy and security. It compares the governance structures of traditional entities to DAOs and contemplates the reasons for formal organization pursuant to state statute. The Article further delves into some of the statutory laws in specific states recognizing and governing DAOs. Lastly, it suggests potential improvements in statutory frameworks to enhance legal predictability for DAO users and those seeking to ascribe liability.
Yuzheng Ren, Renchao Xie, F. Richard Yu, Ran Zhang · 7 authors
“Read-write-own” based Web3 has been proposed as a promising user-centric Internet to open the new generation of the World Wide Web, where Web3 users can independently manage data and derive value from creating content without relying on intermediaries. Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) in Web3 can trade models in a self-controlled and decentralized credible way, which is a fundamentally and principally innovation based on novel architecture. Effectively implementing such paradigms involves proper model trading strategies. However, reinforcement learning (RL)-based strategies face challenges of poor generalization ability, low feasibility, and the exploration-exploitation dilemma. It is also difficult to define an explicit and appropriate reward function. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an intelligence-based reinforcement learning (IRL) approach for CAVs in Web3. We present a framework to enable model transactions between CAVs. Also, we provide a decentralized identifier (DID)-based identity management system for resource description and data verification to access Web3, followed by the mechanism and supporting smart contracts. Furthermore, we formulate the model trading issue as an active inference to form higher-level cognition about the environment without rewards. Then we use IRL to solve it. And we use “intelligence”, a high-level indicator, to quantify the efficiency of such cognition. It can evaluate the difference between the predicted state and the real state in policy exploration. The proposed scheme shows good generalization and can auto-balance exploration and exploitation, simultaneously achieving outperforming performance on the model trading issue with no rewards. In simulations, the performance of the proposed scheme is compared with existing methods.
Bidang pertanian di Indonesia, khususnya dalam produksi buah dan sayur, merupakan salah satu sektor utama sehingga Indonesia memiliki potensi yang kuat untuk menjadi produsen pangan dan komoditas pertanian yang signifikan di tingkat global. Yarumori merupakan sebuah koperasi yang bergerak dibidang bisnis pertanian dan memiliki beberapa waralaba yang sedang berjalan, alasan yarumori mengambil sektor bisnis di bidang waralaba karena sektor ini sudah berkembang sangat cepat, namun sistem waralaba yang dibangun yarumori masih bersifat traditional yang tentu saja memiliki banyak sekali kekurangan.Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut akan dibuatnya sebuah platform berbasis web3 dan Blockchain yang diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah bisnis yang ada di koperasi yarumori
Blockchain sharding is a significant technical branch of improving the scalability of blockchain systems. It is regarded as one of the potential solutions that can achieve on-chain scaling and significantly improve the scalability of blockchains without alleviating the decentralization feature of blockchain. To provide a reference and inspire participation from both the academic and industrial sectors in the research on blockchain sharding, we have walked through the state-of-the-art studies published in the past three years on blockchain sharding. We also conducted experiments to show the performance of representative sharding protocols such as Monoxide, LBF, Metis, and BrokerChain. We finally envision the potential challenges and promising future of sharding techniques in terms of the urgent demands of high throughput required by emerging applications such as Web3, Metaverse, and Decentralized Finance (DeFi). We hope that this article is helpful to researchers, engineers, and educators, and will inspire subsequent studies in the field of blockchain sharding.
Este artigo explora a relação entre tecnologias digitais e educação, enfatizando a integração delas e o papel crucial dos professores. Discutimos como a educação favorece o desenvolvimento de habilidades e capacitação profissional para o mercado. Abordamos, também, a necessidade dos professores adaptarem as práticas às demandas do século XXI, valorizando a tecnologia como uma aliada no processo.
With the advent of technology in the medical industry, telesurgery has emerged as a transformative era of conventional medical practices to facilitate remote and efficient surgical procedures for the betterment of patients' health. Moreover, innovative technologies introduce a full-immersive metaverse environment for enabling communication between patients and doctors virtually and efficiently. Nevertheless, remote telesurgery operations in the metaverse are susceptible to various security and privacy issues that need to be tackled to secure the patient's confidential health data. Thus, we design an Ethereum blockchain-based decentralized application (DApp) for selecting and conducting telesurgery operations based on the doctors' specialization and type of surgery. The proposed application ensures secure and preserved communication between patient and doctor in the metaverse environment by deploying the smart contract in the Remix Integrated Development Environment (IDE). DApp is designed using web3 and JavaScript (JS) to reflect the telesurgery operations to the doctor and patient in the metaverse environment. Finally, the proposed smart contract for the application is evaluated based on parameters such as gas consumption analysis for smart contract functions and doctors registered and cost analysis for smart contract functions.
Web3 provides users and service providers several benefits not found in Web2. However, despite the benefits provided, Web3 faces several obstacles that prevent the paradigm from gaining widespread adoption. Developers should understand the benefits and limitations of the technology in order to create more accessible Web3 smart applications.
Abstract Technologies of self-sovereign identity (SSI) and Web3 tools that strongly protect individual autonomy, combined with the ethics of Asian altruism, can effectively guide the governance of the emerging cyber civilization. In contrast, governance in Western industrial civilization stresses the pursuit of individual self-interest and struggles to balance the benefits of big tech with the protection of individual dignity and the preservation of the common good. We demonstrate, with reference to a local community in Japan, that SSI is successful in encouraging communal collaboration and well-being while providing individuals with greater control over their personal data. We also show that Web3 tools provide incentives for altruistic behaviors while safeguarding SSI. Integration of SSI and social protection demonstrates the potential for building an information society grounded in altruistic values, honoring individual dignity, and recognizing the government’s role in protecting social welfare. Ultimately, this research unveils how altruistic values can be fostered through SSI and Web3.
Recently, smart contract, a code script that autonomously runs on blockchains, has facilitated numerous decentralized applications and accelerated the boost of the Web3 ecosystem. However, the current underutilization of smart contracts and a large number of duplicate smart contracts have caused significant challenges to blockchains. Considering the reusability and composability of smart contracts, we can innovatively address these issues, promote diversity for decentralized projects, and increase efficiency for Web3 developers. In this tutorial paper, we first propose a novel service-oriented paradigm: Smart Contracts as a Service (SCaaS), then analyze the feasibility of SCaaS, delve into its application scenarios and finally explore the challenges and limitations and propose the potential solutions accordingly.
In this paper, the focus is on sentiment analysis of web 3.0 enabled twitter dataset. The objective of the project is to explore various methods for performing sentiment analysis on Twitter datasets and implementing these methods on the web3.0 Twitter platform. The project involves collecting Twitter data through blockchain-based applications, preprocessing the data to remove noise, and applying machine learning models for sentiment analysis. Sentiment analysis is simply the extraction of thoughts, ideas, opinions, and emotions from sources such as text, speech, tweets, and databases using natural language processing (NLP) This process involves text segmentation mentally makes it "good," "bad," and "neutral" groups. In addition, it is known by other terms such as objective evaluation, mindfulness mining, and rating extraction. Web 3.0, also known as Web3, represents the third contemplated iteration of the World Wide Web, which aspires to establish a connected, transparent and intelligent online environment Based on the concept of decentralization, blockchain technology and the implementation of token-based economies. The main outcome of the project is to gain insights into the sentiment of users by analyzing WEB3.0 enabled Twitter data. By implementing sentiment analysis techniques on a WEB3.0 enabled Twitter dataset, the project aims to contribute to the field of sentiment analysis and showcase the effectiveness of using WEB3.0 enabled for data collection and analysis. The project aims to provide valuable insights for various methods of sentiment analysis for researchers. Keywords – Sentiment Analysis, Blockchain- Enabled, Twitter data, WEB 3.0, Machine Learning Models, User Sentiment, Research Contribution
Among the tokens issued using blockchain, a token that can be identified and unique is called NFT (Non-fungible Token). And an NFT that cannot be transferred is called SBT (Soulbound Token). Since SBT cannot be transferred from an account, it can be used to indicate what the account is. Using SBT in this way reduces the anonymity of blockchain accounts and makes it easier for users to know information about the accounts. Transactions on the blockchain are essentially anonymous. While this brings benefits, it also has drawbacks. In particular, the general public feels uneasy about anonymous transactions, which discourages them from using blockchain. Reducing account anonymity with SBT brings safe and secure transactions to the blockchain. This will remove the anxiety of the general public and lead to mass adoption of blockchain. To verify this hypothesis, we conducted practice with our company's employees as the first effort. First, we prepared a blockchain account for employees who wanted to participate in the practice and issued an SBT to prove that they are employees. And we issued FT (Fungible Token) that is circulated only between accounts that have this SBT. And we have prepared a text chat-based community where only the SBT holders can gather and exchange opinions and information about blockchain. Participants shared their learnings and information about blockchain within this community. FT was actively sent as an acknowledgment for teaching within the community. A post-practice questionnaire suggested that the exchange of FT improved their motivation to learn about blockchain. On the other hand, the participants were more conscious of the UI/UX of sending FT. And they were not aware of the self-sovereignty of blockchain accounts and private keys. It was suggested that excellent UI/UX is important for the mass adoption of Web3 applications. and that only a few users who are interested in technologies may feel the value of self-sovereignty.