Any online transaction that involves digital money is a bit of a challenge these days with the rising threats of hackers trying to steal bank details posted online. This leads to the invention of various kinds of crypto-currency, Bitcoin being one of them. The technology behind using the Bitcoin is popularly called as Blockchain. Blockchain is a digitized, de-centralized, public ledger of all crypto-currency transaction/s. Blockchain tries to create and share all the online transactions, stored in a distributed ledger, as a data structure on a network of computers. It validates the transactions using peer-to-peer network of computers. It allows users to make and verify transactions immediately without a central authority. Blockchain is a transaction database which contains information about all the transactions ever executed in the past and works on Bitcoin protocol. In this analysis paper we discussed what is Blockchain?, SWOT analysis of BC, Types of BC and how Blockchain works along with its advantages and disadvantages.
This paper is inspired by the project proposal ID 7807232014 submitted for the EU Horizon 2020 topic ICT-11-2017 in April 25, 2017. It aims at applying state-of-the-art ICT technologies, systems and functions such as Cloud/Fog and IoT to enable food supply chain. A new approach will lead to trusted cooperative applications and services within the agro-food chains. Blockchain technologies will enhance the transparency, information flow and management capacity allowing better interactions of farmers with other part of supply chain, especially the consumer. Our research will provide better performing value chains by proposing new food-on-demand business model, based on new Quality of Experience (QoE) food metrics, bridging the gap between subjective experience and objective matrics based on quality standards. Finally, we provided an awareness qustionaire for fresh food products (FFP) and survay for a group of 30 students from the University of Skopje. This study showed that the majority of students are aware and focused just on few common FFP aspects without deeper knowledge of FFP quality.
Internet of Things (IoT) is now in its initial stage but very soon, it is going to influence almost every day-to-day items we use. The more it will be included in our lifestyle, more will be the threat of it being misused. There is an urgent need to make IoT devices secure from getting cracked. Very soon IoT is going to expand the area for the cyber-attacks on homes and businesses by transforming objects that were used to be offline into online systems. Existing security technologies are just not enough to deal with this problem. Blockchain has emerged as the possible solution for creating more secure IoT systems in the time to come. In this paper, first an overview of the blockchain technology and its implementation has been explained; then we have discussed the infrastructure of IoT which is based on Blockchain network and at last a model has been provided for the security of internet of things using blockchain.
M Vaidehi, Alivia Pandit, Bhaskar Jindal, Minu Kumari · 5 authors
After the boom and bust in cryptocurrencies’ prices in recent years, Bitcoin has been totally regarded as an investment asset. As it is highly volatile in nature, there has been a need for good predictions for carrying base investment decisions. Although current study has used machine learning for more accurate Bitcoin price prediction, some of them did focused on the feasibility of applying different modeling techniques to the samples that has different data structures and dimension features. To predict Bitcoin price on different frequencies after using machine learning techniques, firstly we have to classify the Bitcoin price with daily price and high-frequency price. Here, we attempt to predict Bitcoin price as accurately as possible by taking into consideration various protocols that affect the Bitcoin value. Using the provided data we would predict the sign of daily price change with highest possible accuracy. We have used Random Forest Classifier and compared with benchmark results as daily price prediction, we achieve a better performance, with the highest accuracies of the statistical methods and machine learning algorithms of 99%. my investigation in Bitcoin price prediction can be considered as a pilot study for the importance of the sample dimension in the machine learning techniques. Keywords Bitcoin, Crypto Currency, Machine Learning, Blockchain, Long Short Term Memory(LSTM), Recurrent Neural Network(RNN), Prediction
Abid Sultan, Muhammad Sheraz Arshad Malik, Azhar Mushtaq
Since the beginning of crypto currency in 2008, blockchain technology rise as progressive technology. Despite the fact that blockchain began off as a core technology of Bitcoin, its utilization cases are growing to numerous fields such as, security of Internet of Things (IoT), banking sector, industries and medical etc. In recent years IoT has gained popularity due to its usage in smart homes and smart city projects around the world. Unfortunately, IoT devices possess limited computing power, low storage capability and network capacity therefore they are more prone to attacks than other endpoint devices such as cell phones, tablets, or PCs. This paper focus on significant security issues for IoT, security prerequisites for IoT alongside the current attacks and maps IoT security issues against existing solutions found in the literature. Blockchain technology can be a key empowering influence to take care of numerous IoT security issues. Finally describe the future work directions.
Soon we will be riding on autonomous vehicles connected and communicated locally and globally. As more and more devices are connected to the Internet of Things (IoT), security and privacy become significant concerns regarding how these devices are discovered and interacted with each other in a fully autonomous and distributed manner. One distributed denial of services (DDoS) attack, for instance, to one connected autonomous car running within a fleet network could cause remarkable loss of life and property. Conventional security and privacy approaches do not work well for IoT because of its decentralized topology and constrained computing resources on embedded devices. The decentralization and distributed nature of blockchain offers potential solutions to security and trust in IoT applications, providing improved resilience, encryption, auditing and transparency. However, the current blockchain model, as an append-only distributed ledger with a time-stamped set of transaction blocks, requires high-power computing and high bandwidth overhead and delays, which are not suitable for most IoT devices. This research aims at a simplified blockchain model and architecture that are inexpensive in computing requirements while maintaining high security and trust.
Md. Mehedi Hassan Onik, Mahdi H. Miraz, Chul‐Soo Kim
Application of Information Technology (IT) in the domain of Human Resource Management (HRM) systems is a sine qua non for any organization for successfully adopting and implementing Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). However, these systems are required to ensure non-biased, efficient, transparent and secure environment. Blockchain, a technology based on distributed digital ledgers, can help facilitate the process of successfully effectuating these specifications. A detailed literature review has been conducted to identify the current status of usage of Information Technology in the domain of Human Resource Management and how Blockchain can help achieve a smart, cost-effective, efficient, transparent and secure factory management system. A Blockchain based Recruitment Management System (BcRMS) as well as Blockchain based Human Resource Management System (BcHRMS) algorithm have been proposed. From the analysis of the results obtained through the case study, it is evident that the proposed system holds definite advantages compared to the existing recruitment systems. Future research directions have also been identified and advocated.
This article discusses the possibility and validity of the use of blockchain in health care. When it comes to managing public health the biggest problems that have so far been encountered are data security, sharing and compatibility. If patient information is isolated and stored in several systems that do not allow for the smooth exchange of information, the population health data sets for different patient sets will be insufficient. Blockchain, according to the author, provides a reliable solution to this particular problem. The article discusses in detail the three basic principles of the blockchain: cryptography, distributed books and authentication. The distributed blockchain technology with such properties as immutability, reliability and decentralization, provides the healthcare sector with opportunities to detect fraud, reduce operating costs, smooth processes, eliminate duplication of work, and apply transparency in the health ecosystem. If used correctly, the blockchain will improve security, data exchange, compatibility, data integrity and update, and real-time access. The author of this article points out the importance of using the blockchain for data security in clinical trials, which always require a huge amount of data sets.
With the help of the Internet of Things (IoT), an evolving technology, issues may be solved in the fields of research and engineering without the involvement of a human workforce. It allows for the creation of interactions between machines and people, or smart work force. Although there may be advantages to integrating blockchain technology with IoT, doing so also creates additional difficulties, such as scalability issues when designing blockchains for IoT applications. In this chapter, we examine the main advantages, design considerations, and possible blockchain applications for the Internet of Things (IoT). A central server model is dropped and blockchain (BC) technology is added as a component of IoT to solve such security and privacy problems. This study examines how the distributed ledger-based blockchain technology affects potential security and privacy concerns related to the interplay of IoT components. Applications of BC with regard to the targeted industries and categories were obviously examined here. To comprehend the role of blockchain technology, certain issues unique to IoT and IoT with BC were also explored.
Blockchain technology and Internet of Things are two of the most popular technologies today. IoT is an interconnection of devices that has the capability to sense, measure, process the state of environmental indicators as well as themselves and actuate based on the input provided. It can help create smart solutions that can enhance the quality of life of people. Likewise, blockchain is distributed database systems that promise high level of security and availability of data with least transaction overhead. In this thesis, we attempt to bring together these two technologies to develop a Smart Waste Management System (SWMS). The SWMS is weight-based i.e. users have to pay for use of services as per the amount of waste they produce. Payments are made using a custom cryptocurrency regulated by Smart Contracts and the entire SWMS can be funded by a DAO through a totally automate, highly secure process. Blockchain can help lower the penetration and service cost which can be specially beneficial to developing countries \nwhere governments are not very resourceful. This thesis attempts to establish a proof of concept through measurement of performance and assessment of applicability of such a system.
The internet of things (IoT) enabled a common operating picture (COP) across the various applications of modern day living. The COP is achieved through the advancements seen in wireless sensor network devices that were able to communicate through the network thereby exchanging information and performing various analysis. In IoT, the exchange of information and data authentication is only done through the central server there by leading to the security and privacy concerns. Chances of device spoofing, false authentication, less reliability in data sharing could happen. To address such security and privacy concerns, a central server concept is eliminated and blockchain (BC) technology is introduced as a part of IoT. This paper elaborates the possible security and privacy issues considering the component interaction in IoT and studies how the distributed ledger based blockchain (DLBC) technology contribute to it. Applications of BC with respect to focused sectors and category were clearly studied here. Various challenges specific to IoT and IoT with BC were also discussed to understand blockchain technology contribution.
Dappfort is a blockchain-focused Web3 development company that helps businesses harness the power of decentralized technologies to build secure, scalable, and future-ready digital solutions. Headquartered in Madurai, India, with additional presence in London, Dappfort works across a broad range of industries — including finance, healthcare, gaming, retail, and supply chain — delivering tailored blockchain and Web3 applications to startups, enterprises, and global organizations. The company’s core services include the design and development of decentralized applications (DApps), crypto exchanges (centralized and decentralized), crypto wallets, NFT marketplaces, DeFi platforms, token creation, smart contract development, and enterprise Web3 integration. Dappfort also expands into related areas such as Web3 e-commerce, AI-powered blockchain solutions, and metaverse experiences, supporting clients from strategy and consulting through deployment and ongoing support. With expertise in major blockchain networks like Ethereum, Solana, Binance Smart Chain, and others, Dappfort positions itself as a full-stack partner for businesses aiming to enter or grow in the decentralized digital economy. While the company promotes a strong innovation- and security-oriented approach, external reviews on third-party platforms show mixed feedback from users about project delivery and quality.
The basic principle of a digital currency system such as the Bitcoin, allows secured monetary transaction through an insecure public network without going through a financial institution. Despite the inherent weakness of the public network, this self-governing financial system remains operational through its strong security design. This project will examine the Bitcoin design and incorporate its security component into the NtuCoin system, which caters to the environment of an educational institute. The components examined are namely, Wallets, Transactions, Block-chain, Mining, Network. The wallet is the foundation of NtuCoin system, which stores the mandatory digital keys that locks or unlocks funds in the block-chain. Digital keys stored within a client wallet, specifically public and private key pairs, were generated using the Elliptic Curve Cryptography algorithm. The secp256k1 curve was chosen for its special property of non-randomness, which allows more efficient computation as compared to curves with random structure [1]. According to Satoshi (2009), transactions within the NtuCoin system can be visualized as a chain of digital signatures. These Signatures were implemented to ensure the integrity of legitimate transactions. In NtuCoin, signatures were obtained through multiple cryptography algorithms such as SHA256, RIPEMD-160, and ECDSA. Every newly generated transaction within the network will be checked against a list of criteria for their integrity, and invalid transactions that violates the criteria will be discarded by all nodes. The mining component periodically aggregates transactions into a block (container), and then timestamp it as a form of proof that these transactions exist within the network at a particular time. Satoshi (2009) suggested a proof-of-work system similar to Adam Back’s Hashcash, which states that a denial of service counter measure can be achieved through increasing the difficulty for block creation and then chaining these blocks in a timing sequential fashion. Therefore, the block-chain is well known as the main security feature in a digital currency network. Any malicious intent on changing a particular block record in the chain would require a complete computation of the entire blocks, which is computationally infeasible. It is evident from the research that NtuCoin satisfies the fundamental requirements of most security models that ensure the Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability. Confidentiality of the data within a node’s client is attained by encrypting the wallets with a user defined secret key. In addition, the Integrity of transactions flowing within the network is ensured through the usage of intensives digital signature algorithms. Furthermore, high availability is enabled through the highly distributed nature of a peer to peer environment.
The important energy requirements for the desalination process impose especially in autonomous and decentralized plants supplied by Renewable Energy Sources (RES). In this paper, five alternative energy generation topologies of Reverse Osmosis desalination process are evaluated. The proposed topologies assessed in terms of economic, environmental, technological and societal indices are compared using multi-criteria analysis, namely the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE). Ranking of topologies resulted in the selection of direct connection and hybrid configuration as optimum solutions. In case economic priorities prevail diesel generation should also be considered.