Blockchain Papers

Ahmed Farouk, Amal Alahmadi, Shohini Ghose, Atefeh Mashatan

No abstract is available for this record.

Florentina Magda Enescu, Nicu Bizon, Adrian Onu, Maria Simona Raboacă · 7 authors

Traditionally, the energy industry has been slow in adopting new disruptive technologies and the transition to a new energy market will require a new digital transformation plan, involving all parties from the energy market. Although it now seems to be an impossible and hard-to-accept scenario, especially by the big players in the industry, the pilot projects so far demonstrate that blockchain can play a major role in the future energy market, even if the technology is still in the first stages of the adoption life cycle. This article attempts to describe a solution to provide alternative irrigation systems for small farmers. The solution involves creating associations of small farmers that will use green energy from photovoltaic panels for the irrigation of agricultural lands. The efficiency of the proposed system can be monitored not only through digital hardware connected to photovoltaic panels and water pumps, but also by using the new blockchain technology that stimulates innovation and growth in the energy and a high level of automation though smart contracts. To accelerate the transition to the green energy economy, a SolarCoin version similar to the Bitcoin cryptocurrency has also been proposed, which is a utility token that creates new possibilities for energy and water trading.

Iago Sestrem Ochôa, Luís Augusto Silva, Gabriel de Mello, Nuno M. García · 6 authors

Smart grid systems have become popular and necessary for the development of a sustainable power grid. These systems use different technologies to provide optimized services to the users of the network. Regarding computing, these systems optimize electrical services by processing a large amount of the data generated. However, privacy and security are essential in this kind of system. With a large amount of data generated, it is necessary to protect the privacy of users, because this data may reveal the users' personal information. Today, blockchain technology has proven to be an efficient architecture for solving privacy and security problems in different scenarios. Over the years, different blockchain platforms have emerged, attempting to solve specific problems in different areas. However, the use of different platforms fragmented the market, which was no different in the smart grid scenario. This work proposes a blockchain architecture that uses sidechains to make the system scalable and adaptable. We used three blockchains to ensure privacy, security, and trust in the system. To universalize the proposed solution, we used the Open Smart Grid Protocol and smart contracts. The results show that architecture security and privacy are guaranteed, making it feasible for implementation in real systems; although scalability issues regarding the storage of the data generated still exist.

Vishal Sharma, Niranjan Lal

Internet of things (IoT) is a pool of various devices, objects, humans, services those might be interconnected and that can communicate with each other, share data and information to succeed a common aim in different applications and areas. The idea of the IoT is to allow devices to work together on the Internet. In IoT now days the main issue is the security, in our paper we have found many research challenges related to our area and the security challenges of IoT faces are becoming more and more severe as IoT uses is growing in almost all applications. If IoT devices are not secured properly, the privacy and security of data will remain major issues in the present world in which things are interconnected. The main motive of our paper is to review the present research challenges related to IoT and the developments in the field of IoT security with Blockchain. Blockchain can be a very good option, it provides wide range of security solutions for IoT ecosystems, including trustworthiness, privacy, integrity, transparency, data availability. The Blockchain technology is basically based on the concept of decentralization, security and transparency of the system that has developed as a proficient technology to resolve the serious issues those generally occurred in the fundamental centralized networks and secure the IoT technologies. Some interesting research directions of the use of blockchain in IoT can be found in our very recent survey paper. In this work, the effects of the blockchain on an extensive range of IoT security from the latest research papers and at last a model has been provided for the security of IoT using blockchain.

N Priya, M. Ponnavaikko, Rex Aantonny

In recent years, there have been many difficulties occurred in the field of education from school to universities while conducting exams. Fraudulent activities can be identified in this field and it leads to reduce trust in the quality of the education system. Most of the scandals are based on the abuse of personal information systems and the user's data breaches occur and affect the security as well as privacy. In this research work, we propose a high-level framework of the block chain-based identity management system. In Hyperledger Indy using plenum based RBFT protocol the framework will be created. RBFT algorithm in block chain mechanism provides trust and security and complete transparency in the whole system. In this paper, we proposed the secured identity management system and a human intervention could not affect the user's data system and makes the security even with better results.

M. Hrishikesh, Shirohiya Mayur, Hemadri L Sidnag, B Ravishankar · 5 authors

Rural workers today are facing unemployment issues due to unorganized work sector in the construction domain. Local contractors hire these workers on a first-come-first-serve daily wage basis until they fulfill their capacity. This method has been observed to be ineffective as it depends on the demographic of the location. This paper exhibits an implement of a Blockchain network, which ensures the supply chain visibility thus, seamlessly connecting all stakeholders of the supply chain network who are a part of the Blockchain ecosystem. This paper also exhibits the use of Mathematical metrics such as the cosine similarity index which helps us determine the closeness of two or more tensors and Operations Research which help us optimize the allocation of jobs. These computations are performed with the help of the smart contracts, which are incorporated in the Ethereum Blockchain network. The transactions are later verified, and blocks are created. This approach will incorporate a trust factor in the Blockchain transactions and tackle the growing concern of unemployment in the country.

Sabbir Ahmed, Md. Ezazul Islam, Md. Tarif Hosen, Md. Hasibul Hasan

To ensure the soil fertility and crop production fertilizer is the key concern for the agriculture system. Currently, in Bangladesh, the fertilizer distribution system follows the pen and paper-based process which is not involving any digitalization. Following this manual process, the main issue is ensuring the supply and availability of the fertilizers to the farmer doorstep. In this paper, we have proposed a framework with the use of blockchain technology-based fertilizer distribution supply chain management process. The tamper-proof data storage, retrieval, and user management system guarantee persistent monitoring and evaluation process with the strong management information system which employs precise reference information that can be associated with the board.

Solomon Sunday Oyelere, Umar Bin Qushem, Vladimir Costas-Jauregui, Özgür Yaşar Akyar · 8 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Andino Maseleno, Wahidah Hashim, Eswaran Perumal, M. Ilayaraja · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Saurabh Sharma, Ashish Mishra, Ajay Lala, Deeksha Singhai

No abstract is available for this record.

Manal Alkhammash, Natalia Beloff, Martin White

No abstract is available for this record.

Ninad Deshmukh, Maitree Gawande, Shivani Pande, Dhvani Kothari · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Vishwani Patel, Fenil Khatiwala, Kaushal Shah, Yashi Choksi

No abstract is available for this record.

Chavan Madhuri, Deepali Patil, Priyanka Shingane

No abstract is available for this record.

Pardeep Kaur, Shalli Rani

No abstract is available for this record.

K. Hemalatha, K. Hema, V. Deepika

No abstract is available for this record.

R. Babu, K. Jayashree, Priya Vijay, K. Vijay

Customers can benefit from the Internet of Things in a number of ways, and it has the potential to transform the fundamental ways that consumers interact with technology. The pervasiveness and correspondences maintained for IoT might provide various conveniences and aids for people, but also open up many security loopholes. Blockchain, a distributed digital ledger, is finding uses in industries as diverse as finance, healthcare, utilities, agriculture, real estate, and Supplier Management. The middleman acting as guardians for specific applications in these enterprises can be removed in order to provide security and those equivalent applications can be run in a distributed way with practically no centralized power. Blockchain technology makes this feasible without sacrificing efficiency or safety, which was previously impossible. Blockchain and IoT seem to be best on their own in the respective sector in which it is applied, so businesses can try and exploit this powerful combination known as Blockchain Internet of Things (BIoT) to bring immense advancements, progressions and cutting edge innovations in the area of their interest. The term “BIoT” was created by fusing blockchain with IoT applications.

Edy Sriyono

Water has always been considered as a physically scarce resource, particularly in North Africa, Central Asia, West Asia, among others. On the other hand, the current water management system is facing substantial difficulties due to the depletion of resources, the complexity of regulation, as well as the increasing demand of water in society. This article attempts to show the possibility of using blockchain technologies in managing scarce resources, such as water, to address environmental sustainability. Those applications could consolidate the seamless integration of the existing water management system through keen agreements which dwell on the blockchain and take into account automated work processes. It is expected that the implementation of blockchain technology will ensure trust, transparency, and accountability among individuals and other economic actors.

Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury, Md Sadek Ferdous, Kamanashis Biswas, Niaz Chowdhury · 5 authors

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) has recently emerged as an innovative technology capable of empowering various areas such as healthcare, agriculture, smart cities, smart homes and supply chain with real-time and state-of-the-art sensing capabilities. Due to the underlying potential of this technology, it already saw exponential growth in a wide variety of use-cases in multiple application domains. As researchers around the globe continue to investigate its aptitudes, a collective agreement is that to get the best out of this technology and to harness its full potential, IoT needs to sit upon a flexible network architecture with strong support for security, privacy and trust. On the other hand, blockchain (BC) technology has recently come into prominence as a breakthrough technology with the potential to deliver some valuable properties such as resiliency, support for integrity, anonymity, decentralization and autonomous control. Several BC platforms are proposed that may be suitable for different use-cases, including IoT applications. In such, the possibility to integrate the IoT and BC technology is seen as a potential solution to address some crucial issues. However, to achieve this, there must be a clear understanding of the requirements of different IoT applications and the suitability of a BC platform for a particular application satisfying its underlying requirements. This paper aims to achieve this goal by describing an evaluation framework which can be utilized to select a suitable BC platform for a given IoT application.

Rafita Haque, Hasan Sarwar, S. Rayhan Kabir, Rokeya Forhat · 7 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

R. Carlsson

There is a potential in the field of medicine and finance of doing collaborative machine learning. These areas gather data which can be used for developing machine learning models that could predict all from sickness in patients to acts of economical crime like fraud. The problem that exists is that the data collected is mostly of confidential nature and should be handled with precaution. This makes the standard way of doing machine learning - gather data at one centralized server - unwanted to achieve. The safety of the data have to be taken into account. In this project we will explore the Federated learning approach of ”bringing the code to the data, instead of data to the code”. It is a decentralized way of doing machine learning where models are trained on connected devices and data is never shared. Keeping the data privacypreserved.

Maurício Moreira Neto, Emanuel Ferreira Coutinho, Leonardo O. Moreira, José Neuman de Souza

No abstract is available for this record.

Pan Chun-Ting, Meng-Ju Lee, Nen‐Fu Huang, Jhong-Ting Luo · 5 authors

The traceability of agricultural products has always been one of the most important things that customers care about. For the past decades, the trend of applying Internet of Things (IoT) technology to agriculture has been on an exponential rise and has also shown great success in different aspects. Not only crops can be irrigated and taken care of more precisely, but more reliable production history can be created based on the environmental data collected by IoT sensors. To achieve a trustable traceability for agricultural production process, data security becomes a major factor after the collection of massive data via IoT. By using blockchain technology for data storing, integrity and reliability can be ensured due to its immutability. Furthermore, when dealing with several components (producer, processor, distributor…etc.) on a food production chain, blockchain also has the ability to connect untrusted nodes and restrict them in following certain protocols. This study designs and implements an agriculture blockchain service platform for farm-to-fork traceability with IoT sensors. The Ethereum blockchain technology is employed and smart contracts are also designed to support tampering-proof data storing and provide reliable financial transactions which may happen throughout the entire food production chain.

Tanweer Alam, Mohamed Benaida

In the next-generation computing, the role of cloud, internet, and smart devices will be capacious. Nowadays we all are familiar with the word smart. This word is used a number of times in our daily life. The Internet of Things (IoT) will produce remarkable different kinds of information from different resources. It can store and process big data in the cloud. The fogging acts as an interface between cloud and IoT. The IoT nodes are also known as fog nodes, these nodes are able to access anywhere within the range of the network. The blockchain is a novel approach to record the transactions in a sequence securely. Developing new blockchains based integrated framework in the architecture of the IoT is one of the emerging approaches to solving the issue of communication security among the IoT public nodes. This research explores a novel approach to integrate blockchain technology with the fog and IoT networks and provides communication security to the internet of smart devices. The framework is tested and implemented in the IoT network. The results are found positive.