Blockchain Papers

И Е Шапиро

No abstract is available for this record.

Шульгина Анастасия Николаевна, Колядина Марина Геннадьевна, Бикалова Надежда Александровна

в работе рассмотрены основные особенности платежной системы Bitcoin, история и перспективы развития данной системы. Приведены сведения по использованию данной платежной системы в разных странах, а также выполнен краткий анализ позитивных и негативных сторон использования Bitcoin. Системы стимулирования развития операций с данной «валютой». Развитие информационных технологий способствует развитию системы быстрых платежей. Отношение к данному процессу неразрывно связано с уровнем развития и культуры и экономики стран. Приведенные положения являются самыми важными, но не единственными, которые делают систему ВТС противоречивой, неповторимой, притягательной и непредсказуемой. Идеи Bitcoin революционны, несут в себе возможность создания уникальной финансовой системы, при которой люди будут защищены от любых посягательств на их капитал

И С Коршакевич

No abstract is available for this record.

А.А. Попиков

В статье рассмотрена эволюция денег, идентифицированы угрозы использования электронных денег, определены перспективы и возможности использования криптовалюты Bitcoin как финансового инструмента виртуальной экономики.

Ірина Петрівна Устинова

The objective of the article is the accumulation and review of existing regulatory material regarding the decentralization process, namely the implementation of fiscal decentralization, and financial and legal analysis of the current state of local Finance and their legal regulation reform in modern conditions of development of Ukraine taking into account foreign experience. The relevance of the research topics is the need of the modern understanding of legal regulation of decentralization processes in public administration of Ukraine and the state of development of law in these processes. Doclet themes. The problem of decentralization of financial resources and authority devoted a lot of research scientists (N. Bykadorova, A. Bondarenko, N. Kaminska, I. Karchevsky, P. Kolody, B. Krajnik, I. Legkostup, J. Ostroshenko and others) both in Ukraine and abroad. The author explores the concept of decentralization, financial decentralization, the decentralization of power. Analyzed the legal value of laws of Ukraine: "On principles of state regional policy" and "On voluntary consolidation of territorial communities" for further reform actions in Ukraine. Analyzed components of the new system in the formation of profitable and account parts of local budgets, the determination of the principles of transfer policy and intergovernmental relations. The main objectives of such a system and ways of their implementation are as follows: 1. Ensure fiscal autonomy and financial independence of local budgets 2. The consolidation of local budgets in the stable sources of income and stimulate podatkovni communities. 3. Strengthening the responsibility of relevant ministries for the balance of financial resources and sectoral policies, in particular through the mechanism of providing educational and medical subsidies, subsidies for personnel training. 4. The expansion of spending powers of local authorities by transferring funding from the local budgets of individual budget programmes and agencies, which are now financed from the state budget. 5. The introduction of a new mechanism of budgetary regulation and equalization. In Ukraine the process of fiscal decentralization takes place quite actively, consistently, with a fairly full legislative regulatory the development of this process, which is a positive thing for Ukraine in the historical development of both areas and the state.

Н Б Панченко

В статье рассматриваются особенности использования криптивалюты Bitcoin. Де тально описывается процесс «майнинга», процесс генерирования биткоина. Также дается характери стика особенностей, положительных и отрицательных сторон функционирования данной валюты.

li yuan hong

“互动问答”平台的蓬勃发展,恰好契合即将来临的“Web3 . 0 时代”的发展趋势,并具有开放、包容及能够更好地满足个性化需求等基本特征.基于“以用户为中心”的内容生成机制,网民对于“互动问答”平台的参与,实际上可看作是一个“主动显示偏好”的过程.为此,文章以一个非官方的问答平台统计结果为例,对网民的参与行为、表达内容与态度倾向等进行讨论和分析,并结合当前的互联网治理与网络舆论引导,给出了正确认识和有效增强网民价值判断力与道德责任感的若干建议：一要正确认识和合理评判网民群体与网络文化及其影响力;二要以有血有肉的榜样人物和事例来引导年轻化的网民群体;三是网络舆论的调控应以构建全方位沟通与互动格局为前提;四应建立健全全民参与网络社区的激励机制和控制机制.

В. В. Приян

В статье рассматривается цифровая виртуальная интернет валюта Bitcoin, ее общие понятия и участие в мировой экономике

Л М Савченко, А Г Юзаева, Т Н Афанасьева

No abstract is available for this record.

立君 范

This paper aims to investigate the measures taken by Chinese commercial banks to deal with the financial difficulties facing small businesses, based on the case study on the decentralized lending system of “SanBaoYiGua”. About the problem of financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, before 2003, although the central financial institution took policy measures, such as reform to Credit Cooperatives, encouraging construction and maintenance of small business credit guarantee system, they did not pay attention to the role of State Owned Bank in small and medium-sized credit market. After 2003, the most typical policy measure that State Owned Commercial Bank took for small business lending is the decentralized lending system of “SanBaoYiGua”. After considering the effects and limitations of lending system of “SanBaoYiGua”, this paper clarifies the reason why the lending system of “SanBaoYiGua” was not able to play prearranged role in small business credit market by focusing the relationship-lending. Finally, this paper gives a policy proposal for solving the problem in conclusion.

Гарькин Игорь Николаевич

The article deals with the state of the Orthodox education in Russia in the context of religious renaissance. The author considers dynamics of establishment of new Orthodox educational institutions of different levels, problems of educational system development (decentralization of management, insufficient financing, lack of the required legal status, deficit of teaching personnel and theological literature, etc.).

千佳子 信夫, Chikako Shinobu, 桃山学院大学経営学部

In fast-changing business environments, there are companies that have developed autonomous decentralized organizations for better adaptability and productivity. The company split-up and the line company system are typical methods for this, and are widely adapted in business communities. There are problems, however, on how to coordinate decentralized, autonomous divisions. Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd, that has been acknowledged as a model case of autonomous decentralized organizations, started to try to unify the total Mayekawa Group three years ago. Based on their experiences, an investigation is made on why a change from decentralization to integration is needed, and on how it has been done. Through this study of Group Unification" of Mayekawa Mfg. Co., Ltd, six principles for integration of an autonomous decentralized organization would be revealed, namely, clear definition of business territories, total standardization of skills and knowledge, reinforcement of specialization, systematization of organic networks, mutual aids within the community, and sharing of perceptions of all members. These principles seem to be effective for autonomous decentralized organizations to improve productivity through better coordination within themselves, as well as superior adaptability to environmental changes. A comparison with Kyocera Corporation, another famous case of autonomous decentralization, would give us some more supporting evidences.

浩充 武見

It is thought that the corporations bear excessive debt in 1980s, leading to the bubble, and it burst in 1990s. An example of the proof is the bad debt problem of the banking sector. If the amount of debt was excessive, a corporation should have excessive assets, and which would impair its profitability, ie, impaired efficient use of capital employed. The issue has been studied from many aspects such as macro economic condition, character of the financial markets, etc. Also, there have been many researches on cost of capital with respect to corporate governance. Yonezawa and Matsuura (2000) said retained earnings had not been efficiently used in the light of dividend policy. Miyagawa, Arikawa and Saito (2001) said free cash flows had been used for low return projects in the comparative study on the oil shock and the bubble period. On the other hand, Fukushima (2003) said as far as ex-post returns were concerned, they sufficed to the expectation of investors. Takemi (2005) suggested it was wrong to say that 1990s was the only period to see the impaired profitability and its tendency could date back to 1970s. And as a whole industry, the increase in labor costs had surpassed the increase in productivity. From the view of stake holders, equity holders had aided employees financially for a long period of time. Miyanaga (2002), whose attention was to labor costs, has the same conclusion. Analysis tool of this paper is return on capital employed. The reason is as follows; it is a hybrid measure of assets turn-over, relating to cost of capital, and operating profit ratio to sales, relating to expense control on labor costs. And it leads to present the strategic character of Japanese corporations.

恭子 石川, 達也 有澤, 元道 遠山

No abstract is available for this record.

正輝 森, 孝夫 三浦, 勇 塩谷

No abstract is available for this record.

伸介 中島, 克己 田中

No abstract is available for this record.

천경욱, 최양희

여러개의 개별 객체를 모아 하나의 새로운 객체를 생성할 때 각 객체별로 사용자의 접근을 제어하거나, 사용자에 따라 접근 정도를 지정할 필요가 있다. 이 때 가능한 한 사용자 입장에서는 투명하게 동작하도록 하여 사용자로 하여금 자신이 사용하는 각 개체에 어느 정도의 접근이 가능한지를 사전에 알지 않아도 되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 여러 객체가 혼합된 정보를 검색할 때 개별 객체 수준에서 접근을 제어할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다. 또한 공용키 시스템을 사용할 때 발생하는 공용키 인증문제와 여러 가지 암호를 사용할 때 일어나는 불편한 사용자 인터페이스를 해결하기 위해 Zero-Knowledge Proof 방식을 도입하고, 브라우저 중심의 사용자 인증방법을 제시한다.