Blockchain Papers

Chunguang Bai, Qingyun Zhu, Joseph Sarkis

No abstract is available for this record.

Georgios Bampinas, Theodore Panagiotidis

No abstract is available for this record.

Shinta Amalina Hazrati Havidz, Esperanza Vera Anastasia, Natalia Shirley Patricia, Putri Diana

Purpose We investigated the association of COVID-19 indicators and economic uncertainty indices on payment-based system cryptocurrency (i.e. Bitcoin, Ripple and Dogecoin) returns. Design/methodology/approach We used an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model for panel data and performed robustness checks by utilizing a random effect model (REM) and generalized method of moments (GMM). There are 25 most adopted cryptocurrency’s countries and the data spans from 22 March 2021 to 6 May 2022. Findings This research discovered four findings: (1) the index of COVID-19 vaccine confidence (VCI) recovers the economic and Bitcoin has become more attractive, causing investors to shift their investment from Dogecoin to Bitcoin. However, the VCI was revealed to be insignificant to Ripple; (2) during uncertain times, Bitcoin could perform as a diversifier, while Ripple could behave as a diversifier, safe haven or hedge. Meanwhile, the movement of Dogecoin prices tended to be influenced by public figures’ actions; (3) public opinion on Twitter and government policy changes regarding COVID-19 and economy had a crucial role in investment decision making; and (4) the COVID-19 variants revealed insignificant results to payment-based system cryptocurrency returns. Originality/value This study contributed to verifying the vaccine confidence index effect on payment-based system cryptocurrency returns. Also, we further investigated the uncertainty indicators impacting on cryptocurrency returns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lastly, we utilized the COVID-19 variants as a cryptocurrency returns’ new determinant.

Cristian Camilo Ordoñez, Gustavo Ramírez Gonzales, Juan Carlos Corrales

In its fundamental role for food security in South America, sustainable agriculture faces the challenge of addressing the current and future needs of the region while ensuring profitability, environmental health, and social and economic equity. Currently, as support for sustainable agriculture, a significant transformation is observed in the agricultural landscape due to the development of advanced information systems. Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Blockchain have emerged as crucial tools to document and support sustainable agricultural processes. Blockchain technology has proven to be highly beneficial for sustainable agriculture, effectively addressing a significant issue in the agricultural supply chain by providing solutions for transparent and traceable processes. This technology solves the problem by establishing a permanent and open record of all transactions and activities in the supply chain, allowing consumers and stakeholders to track the origin and quality of agricultural products, thereby fostering trust and fair trade. For this reason, this article conducted a review of the current state of blockchain technology in sustainable agriculture, aimed at researchers and farmers in South America. The advantages and disadvantages of blockchain technology were identified, focusing on technologies developed and tested during the design and pilot phases. The PRISMA methodology was used in this review, and documents were searched in Scopus and Web of Science databases. Six hundred and fifty-six articles were identified and selected (2018–2023 period), but only 104 met the eligibility and inclusion criteria. The findings indicate a 30% increase in the adoption of decentralized applications (DAPs) powered by blockchain in the agribusiness sector compared to the previous year. After a thorough analysis, it has been determined that smart contracts, non-fungible tokens for digital assets, and blockchain oracles will provide promising solutions for sustainable agricultural technology in the future.

Jingyu Feng, Ying Yuan, Mingxuan Jiang

No abstract is available for this record.

Foluke Eyitayo Adediran, Beatrice Adedayo Okunade, Rosita Ebere Daraojimba, Ololade Elizabeth Adewusi · 6 authors

Blockchain technology has emerged as a revolutionary force with the potential to address pressing social challenges and transform traditional paradigms in humanitarian aid and social initiatives. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the diverse applications of blockchain in fostering social good, particularly in the realms of humanitarian aid and social initiatives. The decentralized and transparent nature of blockchain offers a paradigm shift in the way charitable organizations operate and deliver aid. Smart contracts on blockchain enable transparent and tamper-resistant transactions, ensuring that resources are allocated efficiently and reach intended beneficiaries. The elimination of intermediaries reduces the risk of corruption and ensures a more direct and accountable flow of funds. In the context of humanitarian aid, blockchain facilitates the creation of decentralized identity systems, ensuring secure and verifiable identities for displaced populations. This aids in the efficient delivery of aid, as well as financial inclusion for those without access to traditional banking services. Moreover, blockchain enhances supply chain transparency, enabling the tracking of donations from inception to distribution, reducing fraud and ensuring the authenticity of goods. Social initiatives, too, benefit from blockchain's transformative capabilities. Decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) enable communities to collectively make decisions and manage resources. This fosters a sense of ownership and empowerment among participants, promoting sustainable social development. Additionally, blockchain-based token economies incentivize positive behaviors, encouraging individuals to contribute to social causes in meaningful ways. Despite these promising applications, challenges such as scalability, regulatory uncertainties, and technological literacy remain. This paper calls for continued research and collaboration to unlock the full potential of blockchain for social good, emphasizing the need for innovative solutions that can address the unique challenges faced by humanitarian and social initiatives.

Ramil Guliyev

This comprehensive article delves into the intricate interrelations among cryptocurrency evolution, sustainability marketing, regulatory frameworks, and market quality within the financial domain. Drawing upon a diverse array of scholarly references, it explores the historical inception, technological advancements, and potential trajectories of cryptocurrency markets. It also scrutinizes the emergence of sustainable finance, emphasizing the incorporation of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles into financial paradigms. Furthermore, it assesses the influence of regulations on sustainability marketing strategies and investigates how market quality impacts the efficacy of sustainability endeavors. Through the analysis of case studies and collaborative endeavors, the article furnishes practical insights into embedding sustainable practices and cultivating a responsible financial environment. By amalgamating theoretical constructs with realworld instances, it offers guidance to stakeholders navigating the complexities and opportunities within sustainable finance and cryptocurrency trading.

Jian Mou, Wenting Liu, Chong Guan, J. Christopher Westland · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Malik Abu Afifa, Tho Hoang Nguyen, Lien Thuy Le Nguyen, Thúy Hồng Thị Trần · 5 authors

Purpose This study aims to examine the relationship between blockchain technology (BCT) adoption and firm performance (FIP) mediated by cyber-security risk management (CSRM) in the context of Vietnam, a developing country. Besides, the mediating effect of risk-taking tendency (RTT) has been considered in the BCT–CSRM nexus. Design/methodology/approach Data is collected using a survey questionnaire of Vietnamese financial firms through strict screening steps to ensure the representativeness of the population. The ending pattern of 449 responses has been used for analysis. Findings The findings of partial least squares structural equation modeling demonstrated that CSRM has a positive effect on FIP and acts as a mediator in the BCT–FIP nexus. Furthermore, RTT moderates the relationship between BCT and CSRM significantly. Practical implications This study introduces the attractive attributes of applying BCT to CSRM. Accordingly, managers should rely on BCT and take advantage of it to improve investment resources, business activities and functional areas to enhance their firm's CSRM. Especially, managers should pay attention to enhancing their RTT, which improves FIP. Originality/value This study supplements the previous literature in the context of CSRM by indicating favorable effects of BCT and RTT. Additionally, this study identifies the effectiveness of RTT as well as its moderating role. Ultimately, this paper has been managed as a pioneering empirical study that integrates BCT, RTT and CSRM in the same model in a developing country, specifically Vietnam.

Linxian Huang

No abstract is available for this record.

Ibrahim Abiodun Oladapo

This study aims to examine the factors that influence Nigerian investors decision to participate in the Bitcoin market. The study develops a model that integrates awareness, religious beliefs, and trust alongside the theory of reasoned action’s key explanatory factor. A random sampling technique was used to collect data from 262 individual investors in Nigeria using a questionnaire. The structural equation model method was utilized to analyze the data. The findings show that attitude, awareness, and trust have significant and positive effects on Nigerian investors’ decision to invest in the Bitcoin market, while religious beliefs and awareness had significant impacts on investors’ level of trust in Bitcoin transactions. This implies that policymakers and relevant regulatory agencies should work on increasing public understanding and confidence by collaborating with key players in the financial sector and religious institutions in Nigeria. This will help to create new market opportunities, promote financial inclusion, create jobs for Nigeria's burgeoning youth population, boost economic growth, and improve public participation in the cryptocurrency market. This study adds to the cryptocurrency literature by confirming that the decision to invest in Bitcoin is not only based on economic factors but also social and religious factors.

Mohit Sharma, Mradula Sharma, Babita Rawat

This paper is written to provide an insight on how blockchain technology has a very high potential in providing an alternative way to attractively organize the modern finance.Blockchain today is not merely bitcoin or other crypto currencies.It impacts various other sectors such as supply chain management, voting mechanisms, original content creation, secure sharing of data, etc.But this paper relates to today's world of fluted, along with blockchain.It rightly points out the flaws associated with the current financial world and how blockchain provides a solution to it.This paper also demonstrates the various applications of blockchain in finance such as De-Fi (Decentralized Finance), Dapps (Decentralized Apps), Smart contracts, cross border payments, NFTs, DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations).It also shows how blockchain can bring out a more efficient and secure finance industry.It also contains information on crypto currencies, their various usages, and their underlying fundamental principles.The paper also describes some insights into blockchain security issues and remedies.

S. Baranidharan, Amirdha Vasani Sankarkumar, Rohit Kumar Singh, Hellena Mohamedy Mushi

No abstract is available for this record.

Allen N. Berger, Mustafa U. Karakaplan, Raluca A. Roman

No abstract is available for this record.

Mojtaba Enayati, Sudha Arlikatti, Maneesha Vinodini Ramesh

Rural fishing communities face numerous challenges related to livelihood security, as they are engaged in a risky and labour-intensive occupation. They often receive only a small portion of the profits, due to the influence of self-serving local intermediaries, lack of transparency in the business processes, trust issues, and power differentials among stakeholders. Although still in its infancy, blockchain technology has been adopted in various urban settings to mitigate similar challenges and to build trust through its security attributes, data ledger transparency, and smart contract automation. Yet, few have explored the efficacy of blockchain technology in addressing the unique challenges faced by rural fishermen in marketing their catch and connecting them to a broader range of customers for improved livelihood resilience. This study aims to examine how the livelihood resilience of fishermen can be increased through the potential of a blockchain, in a fishing community in the coastal village of Alappad in Kerala, India. Thematic analysis of data acquired from 43 semi-structured qualitative interviews and participatory rural appraisal tools revealed five categories of challenges: business cost and profitability, government regulations, low education and digital illiteracy, socio-cultural limitations, and over-dependence on middlemen as inhibitors to fishermen's livelihoods. The study proposes a blockchain-based e-commerce framework to mitigate selected challenges that emerged due to a lack of trust and transparency in the local fish market. It contributes to rural development by exploring an innovative, solution aligned with five UN Sustainable Development Goals, in contrast to the Business-as-usual approach in offering technological solutions.

Joseph Ebuka Omeh

No abstract is available for this record.

Ruzita Abdul Rahim, Nur Arissa Maisarah Nadhri, Noor Azryani Auzairy, Syahida Zainal Abidin

No abstract is available for this record.

Aamir Aijaz Syed, Muhammad Abdul Kamal

The emergence of cryptocurrencies, as well as global commodity price volatility, have affected the global stock market performance. The recent pandemic outbreak has exacerbated the situation. Against this backdrop, we sought to explore the relationship between cryptocurrencies, commodity, and stock market performances in South Asia, by segregating the data into two timelines. The results of GMM and fixed effects models reveal that cryptocurrencies and gold prices have a significant and negative impact on stock market performance. In addition, empirical findings also highlight that during COVID-19, the influence of cryptocurrencies and gold prices on the stock market was much greater (1.5% cryptocurrencies and 1.7% gold prices) compared to the pre-COVID-19 timeline (1.3% cryptocurrencies and 1.1% gold prices). The study also concludes that only Bitcoin and Ethereum have a significant impact on the stock market performance of South Asia. The findings offer several policy implications.

Adedeji Daniel Gbadebo

In this paper, we review the benefits and challenges of cryptocurrencies, the decentralized digital money and assets, on the financial system.Afterward, we apply the simple and linear "Transfer Function (Autoregressive distribution Lag Model, ARDL) to examine the effects of selected cryptocurrencies on financial system with specific focus on the foreign exchange market, capital market and the money market in Nigeria.We propose a linear ARDL method to demonstrate how the volatilities in the prices and transaction volumes of Bitcoin.The result shows that the treasury bill transaction amount is explained by its own past, as well as other considered variables.A 1% increase in bitcoin price would result in 0.004% decrease in the volume of transaction of the treasury bill.Also, a 1% increase in bitcoin traded transaction will result in a 0.096% decrease in the money market treasury bill.Regarding the treasury bill rates, the result identified that the treasury bill rate is also explain by own past and other considered variables.A 1% t increase in bitcoin price would result in 0.059% decrease in the treasury bill rates.Lastly, bitcoin volume would result in significant decrease in treasury bills rates in line with expectation.A 1% increase in bitcoin traded transaction will result in a 0.039% decrease in treasury bill rates.Thus, the study contributes to the existing literature by providing how the financial transactions in the cryptocurrency market are drives price discovering in the financial markets in Nigeria.The findings open room for future research since the study is limited to only few financial markets in Nigeria.

Daeyoung Jeon, Changeun Kim, Jongho Park, Bong‐Gyu Jang

No abstract is available for this record.

Onur Özdemir, Fatih KAYHAN

No abstract is available for this record.

Florin Aliu

This study examines Bitcoin price movements from an infectious disease perspective. The author compares the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic with the Bitcoin price explosion and adopts the SIR epidemiological model. The SIR model operates by categorizing the population of individuals into susceptible (S), infected (I), and removed (R). In the case of Bitcoin, open wallets represent the susceptible population, and the infection starts with a single individual. After conducting four estimation trials, the model that uses the recovery rate derived from the Bitcoin price downtrend and the infection rate from the upward trend has the highest accuracy. The estimation deviates from the Bitcoin price explosions by only three days. Previous studies commonly use faster-than-exponential growth or stationarity tests to identify bubble formations. This paper introduces a novel approach that employs epidemiological models to analyze Bitcoin's explosive price behavior.

Umesh Kumar, Biqing Huang

This study scrutinizes the COVID-19 measures and their effect on leading cryptocurrency returns. Our direct measures of COVID-19 show that cryptocurrency returns are significantly influenced by COVID-19 and are most visible throughout pre-vaccination phase. The intraday price movement becomes wider during vaccination period compared to cryptocurrency returns. The findings demonstrate that even negative news of COVID-19 did not deter investors from being optimistic in the pre-vaccination period. Further, COVID-19 impacts on the cryptocurrency market diverge depending on the size of currency once vaccination begins. It reflects a different underlying dynamic process in cryptocurrency trading.

Maria Ghani, Usman Ghani, Shujahat Ali, Muhammad Mustafa · 5 authors

This research investigates the predictability of economic uncertainty indexes on the volatility of Bitcoin (BTC) during COVID-19. The economic uncertainty indexes include US economic policy uncertainty (EPU), Twitter economic uncertainty (TEU), Twitter market uncertainty (TMU), geopolitical risk index (GPR), and trade policy uncertainty (TPU) index. The empirical findings show that the Twitter market uncertainty (TMU) and geopolitical risk (GPR) uncertainty index are valuable predictors of BTC volatility. Moreover, the combination forecasts information for all economic uncertainty indexes is useful for BTC volatility forecasting. Also, we find evidence during high and low volatility and the Russia–Ukraine war. Our results show that Twitter market uncertainty and geopolitical risk uncertainty index are effective predictors of Bitcoin volatility during high volatility periods. During the Russia–Ukraine war, economic policy uncertainty (EPU), the Twitter market uncertainty index, and combination forecast information for all uncertainty indexes are effective for Bitcoin volatility prediction. Our findings are robust with the alternative method MCS test.