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2,071 results · page 48 of 87
Wei She, Lijuan Huo, Tian Zhao, Yan Zhuang · 6 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Lokendra Vishwakarma, Debasis Das
No abstract is available for this record.
Somnath Panja, Bimal Roy
No abstract is available for this record.
Daniel Maldonado-Ruiz, Jenny Torres, Nour El Madhoun, Mohamad Badra
Network users usually need a third party validation to prove that they are who they claim to be. Authentication systems mostly assume the existence of a Trusted Third Party (TTP) in the form of a Certificate Authority (CA) or as an authentication server. However, relying on a TTP implies that users do not directly manage their identities, but delegate this role to a third party. This intrinsic issue can generate trust concerns (e.g., identity theft), as well as privacy concerns towards the third party. The main objective of this research is to present an autonomous and independent solution where users can store their self created credentials without depending on TTPs. To this aim, the use of an TTP autonomous and independent network is needed, where users can manage and assess their identities themselves. In this paper, we propose the framework called Three Blockchains Identity Management with Elliptic Curve Cryptography (3BI-ECC). With our proposed framework, the users' identities are self-generated and validated by their owners. Moreover, it allows the users to customize the information they want to share with third parties.
Gaurav Sharma, Denis Verstraeten, Vishal Saraswat, Jean‐Michel Dricot · 5 authors
Online auction systems allow to achieve an optimal trading of digital goods and services in a competitive market. Existing blockchain-based auctions allow the bidders to take part in the process while maintaining the confidentiality of their bids in a decentralized, transparent, secure and auditable way. However, in a competitive market, parties would prefer not to disclose their interests to competitors, and to remain anonymous during auctions. In this paper, we firstly analyze the specific requirements for blockchain-based anonymous fair auctions. We propose a formal model tailored to study auction systems facilitating anonymity, and we put forward a generic protocol relying on existing cryptographic primitives, such as designated verifier ring signature, to achieve bid confidentiality and bidder anonymity. Finally, we prove it to be secure against the security model we defined.
Monika di Angelo, Gernot Salzer
Crypto tokens are digital assets, similar to the coins of a cryptocurrency, except that they do not have their own blockchain or distributed ledger. Rather, they are built on top of an existing one. Areas of application include their use as means of investment, as a local currency in a decentralized application, as well as means for building an ecosystem or a community. Depending on the purpose, it is common to categorize tokens into payment tokens, security tokens and utility tokens. The distinction is of interest since in most jurisdictions, security tokens are more heavily regulated than other tokens. In this paper, we present a heuristic approach towards automatic detection of security tokens from blockchain data. To this end, we first discuss several methods for the (semi-) automatic identification of token contracts. Then we attempt to identify the token type. For our analysis, we examine both the deployed bytecode and the calls to token contracts that we extract from transaction data of the Ethereum main chain up to block 9500000, mined on Feb 17, 2020.
Michał Pawlak, Aneta Poniszewska-Marańda
No abstract is available for this record.
Alem Fitwi, Yu Chen
At present, more than a billion closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras are watching the world. These cameras garner a lot of visual information that is often processed and stored in remote and centralized cloud servers. Multiple occasions have revealed that this traditional approach is plagued with security and privacy breaches. The breaches could be the interception of raw videos while in transit to distant surveillance analytics centers (SAC), infiltration to cameras and network video records (NVR), or abuse of cameras and stored videos. Hence, the traditional video surveillance system (VSS) cannot guarantee the protection of the privacy of individuals caught on CCTV cameras. Therefore, this paper proposes a Secure and Privacy-preserving Stored surveillance video sharing (SePriS) mechanism for authorized users/nodes based on blockchain (BC), smart contracts, and the enciphering of video frames using DAB, a mechanism developed based on discrete cosine transform (DCT), advanced encryption standard (AES), and a block shuffling (BS) algorithm. The BC-based solution creates an environment auspicious for creating decentralized, reliable SACs and storage sites with secure and privacy-aware sharing of stored surveillance videos across SAC nodes and by law enforcers, police departments, and courts securely connected to the SAC nodes. The experiments and analyses validate that the proposed BC-based SePriS solution achieves the design purpose.
V Sumithra, R. Shashidhara, Debajyoti Mukhopadhyay, Suneet Kumar Gupta
Today's world is connected through the digital platforms Independent of Geographical location and to serve the needs of the administration process involved in educational we need the platform that help to work through network in a secured and transparent manner and due to the Blockchain core behaviors like transparent, confidentiality, Immutable, decentralized and distributed nature, the Legacy Administrative process for Students Certificate management and verification can be replaced. The Proposed model also helps to setup a streamlined administration process in the educational institute solve the variety of issues that are there in legacy educational organization/institutes administration process like tracking of records in cloud, fraud certification detection, keeping Identity digital under the control of authentic source and transferring over the internet securely, by eliminating need to verify them by third party sources. In this paper we proposed a system to solve the current cumbersome administration process by reducing the huge paperwork involved and by reducing the cost of double spend for manpower among the participating, reduce the wait time for the involved stake holders like Students, guardians and universities.
Chen Shengfeng, Zhou Linli, Fan Zehua
In order to solve the problems of low credibility, information missing, and low efficiency in the current agricultural product traceability system due to the centralized storage of data, a blockchain-based agricultural product quality and safety traceability platform has been established. This system chose Hyperledger as the implementation of the blockchain and configured multiple organizational nodes. The chain codes have been written in Go language, while the server and client programs have been written in Java., traceability chain is formed based on the sequential relationship of links, and the operation information of each link is recorded in detail, and different departments of different enterprises can participate in the same traceability chain at the same time. The traceability information of agricultural products can be uploaded to the distributed ledger in real time. It has been tested in practice that the platform has been launched and operated stably, all traceability information including production information, storage information, circulation information and sales information of agricultural products can be obtained through client query. This platform could be applied to a variety of agricultural products and ensure the credibility and integrity of the traceability results by the distributed storage of key traceability information.
Carmen Bisogni, Gerardo Iovane, Riccardo Emanuele Landi, Michele Nappi
No abstract is available for this record.
Tripti Rathee, Parvinder Singh
After the acceptance of blockchain technology, there have been applications which aim to use blockchain in their fields. Various approaches have been proposed in past to build a secure Identity Management (IdM) System. This is a novel systematic literature mapping of IdM in blockchain. This paper provides an extensive review on IdM with emphasis on how the emergence of blockchain has addressed the IdM challenges faced over the years. A thorough study has been done on the existing literature. The primary and secondary “search string” were identified and search was conducted on five databases; and after screening the analysis was done. Out of the total studied literature, 30 primary studies published from 2009 to 2020 were selected. Through this paper, the researchers will be able to: 1) find out the research trends in IdM using blockchain, 2) understand the challenges in IdM and report whether blockchain can solve the IdM challenges, 3) scrutinize and understand how the different frameworks of IdM would deal with security, integrity and privacy problems, 4) know about initiatives taken for IdM using blockchain, 5) which consensus algorithms are popular among blockchains, 6) know about the research projects going on in the field of IdM using blockchain.
Zihang Cao, Zhao Li
Digital Rights Management (DRM) is a basic requirement in the Internet era. In order to solve the disadvantages caused by centralization in traditional DRM, many decentralized DRM (DDRM) structure are proposed, and they have achieved decentralization in copyright registration, copyright trading, etc. However, the distribution of content keys is their bottleneck. Different from public copyright and transaction information, content key which is used for digital content decryption cannot be directly disclosed to decentralized nodes. The existing DDRM relies on specific nodes or an ideal trust environment to issue encrypted content keys, which makes the system unable to be completely decentralized. In this paper, we proposed a decentralized key distribution system, and it can be compatible with the existing DDRM structure. We use zero-knowledge proof technology to prove to others the correctness of the encrypted content key without revealing it. We use blockchain technology to achieve decentralized key distribution, without relying on any trusted center. Our system allows consumers and agents to apply for and distribute content keys without trusting each other. Malicious users cannot commit fraud against others, and damaged nodes will not affect the stability and reliability of the system.
Yitao Zhou, Judong Wu, Shengxin Zhang
As an innovative type of decentralized model, blockchain is a growing list of blocks linked by cryptography. Blockchain incorporates anonymity protocol, distributed data storage, consensus algorithm, and smart contract. The anonymity protocols in blockchain are significant in that they could protect users from leaking their personal information. In this paper, we will conduct a detailed review and comparison of anonymity protocols used in three famous cryptocurrencies, namely Bitcoin, Zcash, and Ethereum.
T. Vairam, S. Sarathambekai, R. Balaji
Structuring an electronic voting system which fulfills the legitimate requirements of representatives has been a challenge for a long time. Conducting the free, systematic and impartial election is the vital goal of every democracy nation. Every country follows a different voting system from old paper ballot system to Electronic voting system. There facing a many problem in these voting systems. The main problem is location and the accessibility, people are suffering to go to their native place polling booth for casting their vote. This needs to be considered as every people`s vote plays significant role in deciding the right leaders. Blockchain technology offers the transparency and security requisites for the impartial election. It is a complete decentralized, immutable ledger system. The online voting system allows the voters to cast their vote from any place at any time which leads to increasing the voter participation count. The objective of the paper is to create a voting system which provides transparency and security using Blockchain technology, the Ganache tool is used for setting up a local blockchain network. The metamask is used for account verification.
Chenchen Li, Jiang Xiao, Xiaohai Dai, Hai Jin
No abstract is available for this record.
Randhir Kumar, Rakesh Tripathi, Ningrinla Marchang, Gautam Srivastava · 6 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Yojna Arora, Mr. Vivek Birla, Mr. Rajat Gupta, Mr. Samarth Tiku
Voting is a constitutional part of governmental systems which gives the people of the nation the liberty to express their opinions. The contemporary system constitutes Electronic Voting Machines (EVM) that is a pile-up of data natively and centralized, making it implausible. Since the data is amassed locally over the EVM(s) prior to the election's cessation, it could be hacked. Furthermore, there have been events of "polling booth hijacking" in some regions during the elections. Ethereum blockchain technology addresses concerns regarding integrity, security, and accessibility of current voting systems. Expanding e-voting into Ethereum based blockchain technology is one potential application of the emerging blockchain technology. This paper presents a decentralized, incognito, and limpid e-voting system named "DILE". It will escalate accessibility as the users could cast their votes without paying a visit to the polling booths. DILE makes practical and effective use of Ethereum's blockchain technology and smart contracts for its implementation.
Dequn Teng, Tianshuo Yang, Yong Yue, Qiuyu Chen · 6 authors
Currently, due to the physical distance and complex nature of the educational environment, there is room for falsification of educational material for graduate studies. Along with the blooming of Blockchain and Cryptocurrency, an increasing number of researches focus on the transparency brought by this distributed ledger technique, which may help solve this problem. This paper aims to provide a further understanding of Blockchain technology in providing immutable and transparent records for students' educational background. Two main applications in education, called Indorse and Blockcerts were presented and we developed a new application SchooIOperated-Educational-Blockchain to provide more accurate and various information for students' in-school performance and store them securely and transparently on the Blockchain.
Trishie Sharma, C. Rama Krishna, Arshdeep Bahga
Abstract In recent years, blockchain-based systems have emerged powerfully and led to the development of several new and improved applications in terms of increased security, trust, accountability and reliability. One important trust-based application is electronic voting system which still lacks in providing good throughput while also reducing the costs in voting given the deployment of state-of-the-art technologies. So, there is a need to imply an efficient consensus protocol to impart cost-efficiency as well as better performance of a blockchain-based electronic voting system. This paper focuses on boosting up the cost-efficiency in the voting process, while also being auditable, thus, strengthening the trust of voters on the government and lessening the overall costs incurred in voting. In this paper, Proof-of-Stake-Voting is used as consensus protocol which is observed to give a throughput of 4-5K transactions per second. Then its performance is compared with the other existing consensus protocols such as Proof-of-Work and Proof-of-Authority in terms of gas consumption, gas cost, and throughput. It has been shown through the results that there is a significant difference in the total gas cost, with Proof-of-Stake-Voting protocol consuming 3.1 x 10 −7 Ethers (ETH), as compared to the Proof-of-Work, taking 5.42536 x 10 −4 ETH and Proof-of-Authority protocols taking 2.49759 x 10 −4 ETH.
Amrendra Singh Yadav, Dharmender Singh Kushwaha
Digitization of land records is not sufficient for preventing fraud cases, time delay, and brokers' involvement. Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is used for making this digitized record more secure and process it in a decentralized way, and reduces paperwork in selling and buying of land. Blockchain technology has come to the fore in recent years and is the center of technical discussion, with intuitive applications driven by its network architecture. It has been firmly established as one of the most important emerging technologies. This article aims to implement a land registry mechanism using blockchain technology and optimize searching of land records in blockchain. Interplanetary File System (IPFS) provides an infrastructure that offers a precise portrayal of all the members' roles. The application interacts with the blockchain network, which is built using IPFS. This paper will help in providing a secure and decentralized system for the land registry process. The proposed consensus algorithm MRRCM achieves less time required to generated a block on an average by 3.06% round-robin and 96.48% PoW approach. The proposed modified hash table search approach requires less time to search the blockchain's land record block than the extensive liner searches and hash table search approach. A search for a land record in the blockchain reduces the search time on an average by 59.5% compared to the traditional extensive liner search approach and by 18.68% as compared with the hash table search approach.
Bassam A. Y. Alqaralleh, Thavavel Vaiyapuri, Velmurugan Subbiah Parvathy, Deepak Gupta · 6 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Ronghua Xu, Deeraj Nagothu, Yu Chen
Situational awareness is essential for a safe and sustainable urban environment. While the wide deployment of Internet of Video Things (IoVT) enables efficient monitoring of the footage of the Smart Cities, it also attracts attackers and abusers. Disinformation injected into the IoVT can mislead the city administrations, policy makers, and emergency responders, and lead to disastrous consequences. It is very challenging to timely authenticate each video stream from pervasively deployed IoVT devices. This article presents a Blockchain Enhanced Video input Authentication (BEVA) scheme as an edge service to fight against the visual layer attacks on smart IoVT systems such as online false video injection and offline video streams tampering attacks. The BEVA scheme leverages the electrical network frequency (ENF) embedded in video recordings as an environmental fingerprint for online false frame detection. Blockchain is integrated to enable a decentralized security networking infrastructure, and it empowers an immutable, traceable, and auditable distributed ledger for ENF-based authentication scheme without relying on a third-party trust authority. This secure-by-design solution efficiently provides trust and secure services in IoVT in modern Smart Cities.
Ratul Amin Md., Muhammad Yasar Khan, Megat F. Zuhairi
Distributed ledger technology is an immutable data storage and transparent system, which is a constituent component that empowers the FSCM (Food supply Chain Management). Due to the autonomous and immutable data feature, the scalability of blockchain technology is quite a challenge. A supply chain is a network that flows product from suppliers to the final consumer, which produces a high volume of data. In the blockchain, processing high volume of data is quite a significant issue and may affect business profit. To overcome the issue, Big Data and User Controllable Code for Smart Contracts (UCCSC) will be integrated with the blockchain-based FSCM system. Big data technology is typically used to analyze high volume of both structured and unstructured data, which is very difficult to process using habitual database and software techniques. The UCCSC integrates the blockchain and big data and manage the user in the FSCM system. This paper mainly discusses the integration of blockchain-based FSCM and Big Data, and the mechanism that supports such system.