Follow blockchain research across journals, conferences, and preprint repositories.
13,620 results · page 472 of 568
Weijun Ao, Shaojing Fu, Chao Zhang, Ming Xu
No abstract is available for this record.
Oleksii Konashevych
The blockchain is a technology that was initially designed as an alternative to the banking system aimed to decentralize money circulation. It has become apparent that the invention has a vast potential to improve various industries and fields of human activities. The blockchain industry generated a variety of ideas of how to use this technology: to crowdfund business with Initial Coin Offerings (ICO), to tokenize and manage assets online, to improve public administration and state-owned registries, or even to use it for electronic voting. Multiple applications of this technology became possible since the industry started experimenting with overlay technologies on blockchains, for example, Colored Coins, known as tokens on Bitcoin; Namecoin, a blockchain as a decentralized infrastructure for Top-Level Domain “.bit,” but the significant step forward happened when Ethereum proposed their concept of smart contracts on blockchain. There are several platforms that offer users the ability to design their own private and public distributed ledgers (Hyperledger, Azure). It is not easy to mention all of the projects in the field of blockchain industry; however, at this stage, it has become clear that the technology (along with some other innovations, like Artificial Intelligence) is penetrating spheres that are traditionally highly regulated and centralized with a high level of human participation: securities and exchanges, public registries (notary, real estate, business entities and other registries), public finances, elections, etc. This discussion is devoted to the issues of regulations for the activities that arise from the blockchain.
Marin Thiercelin, Chen-Mou Cheng, Atsuko Miyaji, Serge Vaudenay
By design, smart contracts' data and computations are public to all participants. In this paper, we study how to create smart contracts with parameters that need to stay secret. We propose a way to keep some of the parameters off-chain, while guaranteeing correctness of the computation, using a combination of a commitment scheme and a zero-knowledge proof system. We describe an implementation of our construction, based on ethereum smart contracts and zk-SNARKS. We also provide a small example and a cost analysis of our approach.
Taurai Muvunza
No abstract is available for this record.
Jiahao He, Guangyuan Zhang, Jiheng Zhang, Rachel Zhang
No abstract is available for this record.
Yinan Pei, Kazumasa Oida
The Onion Router (Tor) is one of the major network systems that provide anonymous communication and censorship circumvention. Tor enables its users to surf the Internet, chat, and send messages anonymously; however, cyber attackers also exploit the system for circumventing criminal activity detection. Recently, various approaches that prevent or mitigate abuse of Tor have been proposed in the literature. This paper, which presents one of the approaches, addresses an IP traceback problem. In our model, onion routers that voluntarily participate in attacker tracing detect attack packets (packets carrying an attacker's code or data) recorded in the log files by sharing necessary information with an attacked server over an Ethereum blockchain network. The detection algorithm in this paper uses the statistics of packet travel and relay times and outputs attack-packet candidates. The proposed method attaches a reliability degree to each candidate, which is based on the upper bounds of its Type I and II error rates. A smart contract running on the blockchain network ranks the detection results from onion routers according to the reliability degrees.
Md Abdullah Al Mamun, S. M. Maksudul Alam, Md. Shohrab Hossain, M. Samiruzzaman
No abstract is available for this record.
Chris Buckland, Patrick McCorry
No abstract is available for this record.
Tushar Dhiman, Vidit gulyani, Bharat Bhushan
No abstract is available for this record.
Swagatika Sahoo, Rishu Roshan, Vikash Kumar Singh, Raju Halder
No abstract is available for this record.
Blaž Podgorelec, Marjan Herieko, Muhamed Turkanović
Currently, developers and researchers are dedicated to finding better ways to achieve greater scalability of various blockchain platforms. Focused on the Ethereum blockchain platform, the state channels are currently the only maturely researched and implemented a solution for achieving scalability. However, there are still several problems, such as transparency of state channel networks, transaction traceability, and the incapability that the off-chain state is transferred back on the blockchain network in an ad-hoc manner. To solve the aforementioned problems, we propose a novel state channel solution in the form of a State Channel as a Service, which, although off-chain, still incorporates a secure distributed and decentralized network. This solves the challenge of transparency and traceability while giving users the confidence that only the valid last off-chain state is transferred back on the blockchain network. With the proposed solution, there is no need for users to monitor state channel activities for possible malicious actions. Implementation was performed in the form of a payment channel system, presenting a potential use case for the SCaaS. Furthermore, we performed a security and performance analysis, which shows that the solution is secure and by a factor of 12 more efficient than the classical on-chain payment systems. To evaluate and prove the contributions of the proposed solution, quantitative, and qualitative comparisons with selected related works (i.e., Raiden and Celer) were also performed.
José Jiménez
No abstract is available for this record.
Chongxuan Yuan, Jianming Zhu
No abstract is available for this record.
Raja Lavanya, K. Sundarakantham, S. Mercy Shalinie, R. Divya · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Ayana T. Aspembitova
Decentralized Finance is the new socioeconomic system growing with an extremely fast pace and changing the way financial interactions are being conducted. In comparison with the growing importance of digital assets and blockchain technology, there is still little understanding of Decentralized Finance as a system. In this thesis we analyze transaction datasets from Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchains to obtain a comprehensive understanding of digital assets -from studying the behaviour of each part to investigating the whole structure and deriving the relations between micro and macro properties of the cryptocurrency systems. Using the Complex Networks approach we explained the system's overall structure and dynamics, and uncovered the mechanism behind network formation. It was found that there is fitness preferential attachment among nodes in the bitcoin network that leads the system to scale-free behaviour. We proposed the quantifiable definition of fitness and supported our finding by simulating a synthetic network and reproducing the main properties of the bitcoin network. After having a good understanding about the structure of the system, we zoom in into its parts by studying the behavioral patterns among the system's users (people). We develop the methodology based on Machine Learning models to define distinct behavioral types in the cryptocurrency systems and find that despite differences between the bitcoin and ethereum systems, there are four common strategies that users follow in both markets. Based on our finding, we model the dynamics of people's behaviour in market as an Absorbing Markov Chain. This approach allowed us to present the behavioral switches in a comprehensive and intuitive way. Moreover, we were able to obtain the predictions on the longevity of users in the system according to their behaviour. Finally, we use the Granger causality test to derive the relations between all system characteristics. We attempt to explain the effect of behavioral switches on the structural properties and price; we find that indeed, switches of users from certain behavioral groups causes a change in price which affects the size of the network as well. We hope that the work and results presented in this thesis will advance the understanding of the new field of Decentralized Finance and expect that the research approach and methodologies developed for this study will be helpful to investigate various complex systems as well.
Asma Khatoon
WHO was informed on 31 December 2019 of cases of unknown cause pneumonia in Wuhan City, China. On 7 January 2020 Chinese authorities reported a novel coronavirus as the cause and was temporarily labeled "2019-nCoV." Coronaviruses (CoV) are a wide family of viruses which cause diseases ranging from common cold to more serious illnesses. A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain not previously found in humans. Countries around the globe have stepped up their surveillance to quickly detect any new 2019-nCoV cases. Blockchain is developing into a safe and efficient network for secure data sharing in applications such as the financial industry, operations management, food industry, energy market, the Internet of Things and healthcare. In this paper, we are using blockchain technology as a mean to share authentic data, tracking of relevant information and help speed up the treatment process. At the same time it will preserve person’s identity. Timely deployment and suitable implementation of the proposed model have the opportunity to curb COVID-19 transmissions and associated mortality, especially in environments with inadequate access to testing facilities. This work will also facilitate in the treatment of other infectious diseases. Smart contract have been designed and implemented using the ethereum blockchain platform which has been presented in this paper. This work would facilitate multiple stakeholders who are involved within the medical system to curb the transmission of this disease.
Chunmiao Li, Shijie Nie, Yang Cao, Yijun Yu · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Gabriel Bello, Alfredo J. Pérez
No abstract is available for this record.
Rupali Hande, Tarasha Agarwal, Ranjeet Monde, N. Sai Sirisha · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Alex Hoffman, Eric Becerril-Blas, Kévin Moreno, Yoohwan Kim
The rise of decentralized applications (DApps) have received great attention over the recent years due to the surge of attention towards blockchain technologies. Motivated by these recent disruptions, this paper introduces a blockchain based bug bounty program named Bountychain. This DApp utilizes an Ethereum based smart contract system and an interplanetary file system (IPFS) storage paradigm intended to be used by companies, industries, and testers. The smart contract model provides a safe, secure, and transparent platform for a bug bounty program. Testers will submit bugs via the blockchain, and companies will accept or reject the defect via the blockchain. Thus, testers will automatically get paid via the in-built smart contract system on a web interface, which will allow the tester to gain recognition and status no matter which company's bugs they find. The transactions on the chain will serve as a persistent and transparent record of software bugs, and IPFS will serve as a long-term storage system for bug details.
Hao Jin, Chen Xu, Yan Luo, Peilong Li
No abstract is available for this record.
Jenil Thakker, Ikwhan Chang, Younghee Park
As Internet-of-Things (IoT) infrastructure has significantly dominated our life such as smart homes, hospitals, vehicles, and farms, efficient and secure IoT data management have been a new challenge to handle massive volumes of data and a myriad of IoT devices. To solve these problems, blockchain has become a critical technology to create a decentralized and publicly accessible network for immutable and verifiable data transaction for IoT. This paper proposes an efficient and secure data management system by using the blockchain technology to issue certificates for IoT devices and to retrieve data by using the certificates in any locations. The certified IoT devices in blockchain provide user privacy and data integrity for users while giving efficient data storage and retrieval through our blockchain-based IoT certificate management system. The certificates issued to the IoT devices hold data generated by the device and store it on the blockchain. We evaluate our proposed system on Ethereum to measure transaction cost and speed by issuing and verifying certificates according to the amount of data stored.
Ashwini Chaudhari
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies have risen to popularity in the recent years to a great extent due to its increasing trading volumes and huge capitalization in the market. These cryptocurrencies are being used not only for trading but are being accepted for monetary transactions as well these days. As the prices fluctuate and return on investment increases investors, traders and general public are showing increased interest towards bitcoin and altcoins. This research focuses on implementing forecasting models that will return accurate price predictions for cryptocurrencies. Prices for Bitcoin, Ethereum and Litecoin are predicted using the traditional forecasting model for timeseries ARIMA, the Prophet Model and deep learning algorithm LSTM. The results of the three models were evaluated and the LSTM Model was found to outperform the Prophet as well as the ARIMA model.
Vikram Kanth, Ashley McaAbee, Murali Tummala, John McEachen
As the threat of cyber attack grows ever larger, new approaches to security are required. While there are several different types of intrusion detection systems (IDS), collaborative IDS (CIDS) offers particular promise in identifying distributed, coordinated attacks that might otherwise elude detection. Even for CIDS, there are unresolved issues associated with trusting participants and aggregating data. Blockchain technology appears capable of addressing those issues if practical implementation strategies can be developed. To that end, we implement an Ethereum blockchain-based CIDS leveraging pluggable authentication modules. Our system is specifically crafted to detect doorknob rattling attacks by immutably recording login activity in a blockchain-protected ledger.