Abstract Block chain technology had gained popularity because of its use in crypto-currencies like bitcoin. Today uses of blockchain are growing in number of areas like banking, industries, health centers and even security of IOT. Moreover, the use of IOT is growing exponentially every year with its aim in 5G technologies like e- health, smart homes, distributed intelligence etc. but it faces challenges in security and privacy. The privacy of a user data is at a risk because of its (i.e. IoT) centralized client-server model. This centralized approach of the server poses a serious vulnerability to the data security. This data at the server attracts the attackers to enter into the network and invade through the data and schedule attacks or inject a malware. It indicates that the central architecture of IoT possess a compromised confidentiality, integrity, and security of data which disrupts its use as the widespread adoption of this technology. Therefore, it is essential to evade the hostile centralized server architecture for IoT to enhance its security. It implies a need for decentralized architecture to maintain the data. The data can be kept at the different users without any central control with the help of blocks as suggested by Blockchain. This paper addresses the various security issues in IOT and how block chain helps in solving these issues.
Konduri Asrija, Kanna Anuja, Para Akhila, Kumba Tejasri
Due to the rapid growth of HealthCare management, it is crucial to maintain the Electronic Health Records of patients. Electronic Health Record systems face problems in terms of security, integrity, and management since a large volume of patient’s sensitive data is shared between anonymous bodies. To overcome these issues, this project aims to explain how Blockchain technology can be a solution for EHRs systems. We proposed a system to implement blockchain technology for EHR and to provide secure storage of electronic records by defining granular access to the users by interpreting an EHR web application. This project also aims to put the patient in control of their medical data.
This paper proposes a method for improving the data security of wireless sensor networks based on blockchain technology. Blockchain technology is applied to data transfer to build a highly secure wireless sensor network. In t... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Tech Science Press
Blockchain technology represents a paradigm shift in digital infrastructure, offering decentralized, immutable, and transparent frameworks for recording transactions and ensuring data integrity. Originating as the backbone of Bitcoin, it has evolved into a versatile tool with applications spanning finance, healthcare, and supply chain management. This review examines the core architecture of blockchain, encompassing distributed ledgers, cryptographic hashing, and consensus protocols, alongside its real-world deployments that enhance efficiency, traceability, and trust. It also scrutinizes persistent challenges, including scalability bottlenecks, privacy trade-offs, and security risks, through comparative analyses and case studies. Ultimately, the analysis reveals blockchain's capacity to foster resilient, intermediary-free systems while underscoring the imperative for adaptive solutions to realize its full transformative potential.
Kablolu ortamda Yazılım Tanımlı Ağ (YTA) teknolojisinin başarısı, Kablosuz Algılayıcı Ağlar (KAA) üzerinde YTA'nın konuşlandırılmasına ilişkin araştırmaları hızlandırmıştır. Kablosuz ortamın paylaşımlı bir doğası olduğundan, yönlendirme saldırılarına karşı daha savunmasızdır. Kablosuz ortamın fiziksel kısıtlamaları ve ağdaki düğümlerin sınırlı enerjisi, işleme kapasitesi ve belleği olduğundan, mevcut güvenlik protokollerinin çoğu KAA için uygulanamaz. Bu çalışma ile değişmezlik ve şeffaflık ilkesini temel alan Blokzincir teknolojisi ele alındı. YTA tabanlı KAA üzerinde Blokzincir teknolojisi uygulanarak enerji dostu yeni bir güvenlik modeli geliştirildi. YTA tabanlı KAA'daki olası tehditler araştırıldı ve önerilen modelin güvenirliğini ispat etmek için Kara Delik saldırısı ile model ayrıntılı analiz edildi. Ayrıca önerilen model üzerinde bir Blokzincir teknolojisi olan Akıllı Sözleşmeler kullanıldı. Üretici, hizmet sağlayıcı ve müşterinin taraf olduğu yeni bir güvenli SLA yönetim modeli geliştirildi. Önerilen model güvenilir ürün yaşam döngüsü ve güvenilir SLA sözleşmeleri içermektedir. Önerilen modeldeki yenilikçi yaklaşım sayesinde müşteri ile servis sağlayıcı arasındaki olası anlaşmazlıklar ortadan kaldırıldı. Böylece üretilen ürünün kullanım aşamasında kurcalanabilirlik açısından güvenilirliği sağlandı. Önerilen model var olan modele kıyasla ek veri iletim gecikmesi ve enerji tüketiminde artış meydana getirse de elde edilen simülasyon sonuçları aradaki yüzdesel farkın önemsenmeyecek seviyede (
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a term that refers to a digital ecosystem that includes a variety of internet-connected gadgets. It brings the physical and digital worlds closer together, allowing for new applications and services. Blockchain, a distributed ledger technology, has emerged as a potential option for ensuring trust in decentralized networks. Blockchain provides the immutability, verifiability, and trust of a distributed ledger in a decentralized network, which may be helpful in establishing trust in the Internet of Things. However, combining IoT with Blockchain poses a number of difficulties. The application of Blockchain in the IoT is a very new and fast-moving subject. As a result, a thorough literature study is required to comprehend what has been presented on the subject. A comprehensive review with a focus on Bitcoin has just been published. We provide a systematic assessment of current work on Blockchain and IoT in this article, with a wider emphasis on Blockchain platforms than Bitcoin. Our research summarizes what has been done so far in the field of Blockchain and IoT.
Adil El Mane, Marouane Chihab, Omar Bencharef, Younes Chihab
The blockchain represents structured and shared data. Instantly, it is a modern method of distributed databases controlled by a group of individuals. The goal is to store information, create a digital ledger of data, and dispatch them to each network-independent party. Blockchain technology gets used in many fields like government, transportation, healthcare, etc. This article will focus on the blockchain in the agricultural supply chain, especially the multi-blockchain scheme to enhance efficiency and track products. This kind of scheme requires the existence of two chains at least in one system. The article analyzes previous researches on how implementing this model and cites its various steps. Also, this research will offer a novel theoretical architecture inspired by the previous ones. The novel structure will avoid the errors that exist in previous experiments. This novel theoretical scheme uses sensors to provide us with environmental data. Subsequently, we use the multi-blockchain structure to stock our data in blocks. After that, we build Smart Contracts to control all the transactions and make decisions based on the conditions inside the source code of these automated contracts. This scheme would be more effective than the cloud and the simple blockchain storage.
Nowadays, smart cities are using advanced technologies to control and coordinate physical, social, and commercial enterprise systems to deliver high-quality services to their residents while guaranteeing the effective usage of available resources. Numerous major corporations, as well as government bodies, are involved in the construction of smart cities because smart city activities also need information that is obtained from organizations. Blockchain-based technology allows for peer-to-peer exchanges as a public ledger that maintains records of transactions, smart contracts, agreements, and shipments without third-party mediators. In the future, smart cities will be equipped with several innovative technologies, a huge amount of data, a lot of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and a heterogeneous environment. However, data processing among IoT devices in futuristic smart cities is a challenging task. In this paper, the author proposed a blockchain-based big data integrity service framework for IoT devices data processing in smart cities. The author collected the necessary data from various resources and applied three experiments to evaluate the key performance indicators. K-mean algorithm was used to classify the data, and blockchain strategy was applied to ensure secure communication among IoT devices. The framework was simulated and tested using 100 devices. The proposed framework allowed IoT devices to efficiently use information collected from different resources to engage in operational processes and exchange information.
The revolutionary technology blockchain began with cryptocurrencies like bitcoin but has since expanded beyond the worlds of finance and banking. One relatively unexplored application domain is medical and water waste. The production of medical/water waste is an integral part of healthcare operations. However, Health care and water waste management methods can also pose a health and environment risk if the various steps in the management process are not carried out correctly. The objective of this paper is to propose conception of a system, based on the Blockchain and IoT, that ensures the control of these wastes in order to effectively manage, coordinate and monitor their disposal. An initial design of this system and an evaluation of the system's performance are also presented.
B. Sriman, Nitesh Kumar L, K S Prabhaharan, Ramakrishnan Ramanathan · 6 authors
The rise of counterfeit products poses a significant challenge for manufacturers, affecting their brand reputation, sales, and profitability. However, blockchain technology provides a solution by ensuring the identification and traceability of genuine products throughout the supply chain. Blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger that securely stores transactional data in interconnected databases. Leveraging blockchain for product authentication and counterfeit detection offers a tamper-proof system. One effective approach is to utilize Quick Response (QR) codes linked to the blockchain. QR code scanners verify product authenticity by comparing the scanned code with entries in the blockchain database. If a match is found, customers receive confirmation of the product's genuineness. If no match is detected, customers are promptly notified of a counterfeit product, allowing manufacturers to address the issue. Counterfeit products not only harm manufacturers but also jeopardize consumer safety, revenue, brand reputation, and trust. Establishing a reliable system to detect counterfeit products is crucial. Blockchain-based systems provide a decentralized and secure platform, ensuring product authenticity and mitigating counterfeiting risks. By leveraging blockchain and QR codes, manufacturers can protect their brands, boost consumer confidence, and maintain a secure supply chain.
Naeem Iqbal, Faisal Jamil, Shabir Ahmad, Do‐Hyeun Kim
The recent advances in information management systems coupled with machine learning algorithms paved the way for a significant revolution in animal healthcare industries. However, the data in such systems suffer from various challenges such as security, reliability, and convenience, to name a few. Traditional systems are not useful to meet these critical issues because these systems have not a consistent structure for data security and reliability policies. Therefore, a new solution is required to enhance data accessibility and should regulate government security policies to ensure the accountability of the usage of the medical records system. Moreover, it is also required to analyze historical data of veterinary clinic using data mining and machine learning techniques to predict the future appointments scheduling requests, which is essential for veterinary management to drive better future decisions, for instance, future demands of medical supplies and to plan veterinary medical staff, etc. This paper aims to fill the gap by proposing a novel blockchain-based reliable and intelligent veterinary information management system (RIVIMS) using smart contract and machine learning techniques. The proposed RIVIMS consists of two main modules; blockchain-based secured veterinary information management, data and predictive analytics modules. First, a blockchain-based secure and reliable veterinary clinic information management system is developed using Hyperledger Fabric. Second, a smart contract enabled data, and predictive analytics modules are developed using permissioned blockchain framework. The data and predictive modules aim to analyze veterinary clinic patients appointments data in order to discover underlying patterns and build a robust prediction model using machine learning algorithms. The data and predictive helps veterinary management to drive better future business decisions to provide better healthcare services to veterinary patients. Hyperledger Caliper is used as a benchmark tool to evaluate the performance of the developed blockchain-based system in terms of transaction per second, transaction success rate, transaction throughput, and transaction latency. Furthermore, machine learning performance measures have utilized, such as MAE, RMSE, and R2 score to evaluate the overall performance of the prediction model. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed RIVIMS.
A large number of shipments are moved everyday domestically and internationally. A considerable number of items such as food, commodities, and pharmaceutical drugs are prone to damage in transit. This can be caused due to various reasons such as improper storage conditions and exposure to air or sunlight. The Internet of Things (IoT) has been used to enhance fundamental shipment tracking by improving transparency and visibility to such transport systems. This paper introduces a blockchain-powered smart container system (CryptoCargo) that monitors the conditions of the shipment and detects any violations that may damage its contents. These violations are recorded on the blockchain via smart contracts, which provides a secure and immutable storage thereby improving its trustworthiness in an inherently trustless environment comprising of multiple stakeholders. We present the design and implementation of CryptoCargo including architectural concerns and implementation details using a test Ethereum blockchain platform and cloud services. Moreover, we present details of thorough evaluation of the system to validate its function as well as to assess its effectiveness with respect to performance efficiency and real-time operation. We have made our smart contract code publicly available on Github.
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder caused by high blood sugar levels, which can harm the kidneys, the heart, the eyes, and blood vessels. During the Covid-19 pandemic, diabetes patients were most affected. In the existing healthcare system, medical data is available in paper form or through a central server. Accessing the data from the central system and sharing it with all stakeholders would be a critical task during the pandemic. This research work deals with the design and implementation of a diabetes blockchain consortium. It can help all healthcare stakeholders to efficiently prioritize the needs of diabetes patients during a pandemic, such as oxygen beds, vaccinations, diabetes compensation, telemedicine, 5G-integrated remote location support, and other related records. The Ethereum sandbox simulation design is utilized to secure diabetes patients’ healthcare records. The Interplanetary file system (IPFS) encrypts health data and sends it to the blockchain to ensure the privacy of personal healthcare information. The NEM symbol blockchain is used to develop this consortium as a proof-of-concept (PoC) model. Each stakeholder in a consortium is assigned NEM generated QR code to track records as a distributed ledger. A smart contract designed to run the diabetes blockchain application. Attribute-based encryption (ABE) authenticates users and restricts malicious nodes. Certainly, this research suggests aggregation of transactions and blocks in the blockchain, which would increase transaction speed, minimize transaction fees, and consume less power in a future blockchain design.