Blockchain Papers

Nathan Fulmer

No abstract is available for this record.

François Verdier

No abstract is available for this record.

Elena Bochkareva

The Author examines various approaches to the definition of cryptocurrency, the issues of legislative regulation of cryptocurrency in Russia, proposes measures to counter crimes using cryptocurrency. Based on the study, the Author concludes that in order to regulate cryptocurrency transactions, as well as in order to create a uniform judicial practice in cases related to cryptocurrency, it is necessary to create a unified regulatory framework on the subject matter. The Author proposes to legislatively fix the definition of cryptocurrency, the conditions for its issuance, storage and execution of transactions with it, as well as the circle of persons authorized to carry out operations to create, exchange, etc. with cryptocurrency; conduct training of specialists in the field of cryptocurrency through training courses, lectures, seminars, conferences, etc., including abroad, as well as to ensure the exchange of experience between experts in the field of cryptocurrency; create a technical base in law enforcement to track cryptocurrency transactions; to ensure the formation of scientific schools in the field of cryptocurrency.

Thomas Keijser

No abstract is available for this record.

José Luís Pereira, Tiago A. Marques

No abstract is available for this record.

Natalia Makarchuk

This article explores the possibility of using digital technologies, primarily distributed Ledger (blockchain) technology, to protect RnD-technologies, which are generally understood as the results of research and development, as well as the process of their creation. The legal protection of such technologies through traditional legal mechanisms is inadequate. Therefore, in the context of global changes in law, the problems of legal regulation and legal protection of RnD-technologies require deep doctrinal understanding.

André Janssen

Blockchain and Procedural Law - Law and Justice in the Age of Disintermediation, 15 november 2019

Orna Rabinovich‐Einy, Ethan Katsh

Blockchain seems to be everywhere these days. It is touted as the new foolproof technology, which can be used for everything from cryptocurrencies, through land registries to identity cards and health records. Enthusiasts have predicted that it will bring about deep change, ensuring data security and identity authentication, while doing away with traditional intermediaries. With blockchain we are told that it is the “new internet,” an application that will change the way we transact—strengthening commitments and ensuring seamless execution. At the same time, and at an alarming frequency, we hear about mass scale fraudulent schemes attacking cryptocurrency exchanges, resulting in the loss of many millions of dollars. Aside from fraud, other problems abound, resulting from misunderstandings between transacting parties, loss of passwords and privacy risks, to name a few. The gap between the promise of an infallible, dispute-less environment and the inevitable reality of having to deal with disputes in the blockchain setting lies at the heart of this paper. It is, we contend, impossible to enjoy high levels of human interaction without generating conflict. The inevitability of disputes is enhanced in a potentially lucrative environment of innovation and complexity, such as the blockchain. In such settings, unexpected developments are bound to occur, and expectations of interacting parties are likely to differ. Indeed, this was our experience with the internet of the 1990s as the e-commerce setting began to flourish. Initially, disputes were not the focus of attention and avenues of redress were difficult to come by. Over time it became clear, that for e-commerce to evolve there needed to be trust by users, and for trust to be sustained, e-commerce platforms needed to institutionalize avenues for addressing and preventing disputes. These processes have come to be known as “online dispute resolution” (or ODR). The lessons learned from the evolution of ODR are slowly penetrating the blockchain arena, as some entities are developing ODR tools and processes that are tailored to this environment. At the same time, for ODR to be adopted and used, some of the underlying assumptions driving the design and adoption of blockchain technology need to be relaxed, as they are in tension with the tenets of dispute systems design: recognizing the inevitability of conflict, understanding trust as a human construct, and assigning weight to individual needs alongside group ideology. This article establishes its main theses in the following order. Part II provides background on the history and evolution of the blockchain, highlighting its dominant applications and its principal features. We discuss governance and trust on blockchain, finding that despite a rhetoric of disintermediation and distribution of power, there are still some players that enjoy more power than others in the blockchain setting. Furthermore, we highlight the governance choices that can shape the extent to which power is concentrated, accountability is established, and avenues of redress are available. In Part III we briefly discuss the history of ODR and describe the leading ODR schemes that have emerged for the blockchain setting, illuminating similarities and distinctions among them. Despite growing interest in ODR for blockchain, the use of these initiatives has yet to spread. We explore the various barriers that stand in the way of ODR for blockchain gaining momentum in Part IV.

Simón Fernández-Vázquez, Rafael Rosillo Camblor, David de la Fuente, Paolo Priore Moreno

en todo o en parte, una obra literaria, artstica o cientfica, fijada en cualquier tipo y soporte, sin la preceptiva autorizacin.

С.А. Карелина, И.В. Фролов

No abstract is available for this record.

Stefan Eich, Philipp Hacker

No abstract is available for this record.

Nafie Asfour

Technology is entering every part of our daily life leading to integration with all aspects of modern society. Social sciences research is not an exception of this role. The fourth revolution is intertwined in the process we do research. In this thesis, two models are designed based on blockchain and smart contract technology to solve the current problems in the existing traditional models. Those traditional models proved to have certain problems including being inflexible and having so many parties involved the network. The new model provided by this thesis is built upon blockchain and smart contract technology. Therefore, those networks have the benefits of being more flexible and having less parties involved in the network. the first case is a crowdfunding network, we have examined a traditional crowdfunding and developed a similar one based on blockchain and smart contracts technology to overcome the drawbacks of the existing network. the second case is a marriage contract network where we built a network similar to the traditional one but has the ability to remove the burden of wasting time and effort. Finally, both cases are compared based on the change in structure and functions of each party in the network. We have seen some changes in terms of structure between the two networks, however, the main change came in the functions of each party and the removal on unnecessary ones in the network which is expected to reduce the transaction cost.

Mohammad Alhihi

No abstract is available for this record.

Authors unavailable

No abstract is available for this record.

Arun Kumar Singh

Smart contracts are one of the most significant innovations in blockchain technology, enabling secure, transparent, and automated financial transactions without the need for intermediaries such as banks or clearinghouses. By embedding business rules into programmable code, smart contracts automatically execute agreements when predefined conditions are met, ensuring trust, immutability, and efficiency. Their adoption has expanded across banking, payments, trade finance, insurance, digital asset management, securities trading, and peer-to-peer lending. Smart contracts reduce manual intervention, lower transaction costs, accelerate settlement processes, and enhance transparency through decentralized validation mechanisms. This study examines the evolution of blockchain and smart contracts, reviews existing literature on contract automation and decentralized finance, and proposes a blockchain-based framework for financial transaction execution and settlement. Performance analysis demonstrates improvements in transaction speed, security, transparency, and cost efficiency compared to traditional financial systems. Despite challenges related to scalability, interoperability, privacy, and regulatory compliance, smart contracts show strong potential to transform financial ecosystems. Future advancements in blockchain scalability, secure programming, and regulatory standardization are expected to further strengthen their role in decentralized financial services and automated digital economies.

Alla Kalinina, Agnessa O. Inshakova, Alexander Goncharov

No abstract is available for this record.

André Janssen

No abstract is available for this record.

Mihajlo Cvetković

The synergy between computer programs and contract law has generated considerable attention among legal scholars. Smart contracts were first theoretically described in 1996 but they came to life in 2009, with the development of cryptocurrencies. Relying on the papers published in the European Journal of Private Law, the author presents the problems and dilemmas arising from contract digitalization. Irrespective of whether smart contracts are perceived as a revolutionary change in contract law or just as a new mode of concluding and executing a contract, the automatic performance of a contractual obligation and the immutability of smart contracts profoundly affect the existing contractual practices. Traditional concepts such as contract formation, interpretation and inability to perform have acquired new meanings and functions. Online protection of contracting parties, consumers and the public order requires a regulatory reform but it is also essential to adapt technology to the intrinsic nature of legal transactions in order to meet juristic requirements. A smart contract is comparable to a vending machine: it is immutable and blockchain-based. The paper focuses on the most important types of smart contracts, their characteristics and application. Smart contracts lack artificial intelligence and their legal effects have been challenged. However, smart contracts have a great potential in terms of facilitating legal transactions and reducing the risk of contractual breach.

KAPLINA V. A

No abstract is available for this record.

Н. А. Попова, Natalia G. Butakova

This paper discusses the use of Blockchain technology without tokens to protect information about banking transactions, namely, transfer amounts, card details, names of participants, etc. This topic is relevant, since the digital economy is becoming an integral part of modern life. The processed information passes through the database of banks and payment systems, which potentially makes it available to the attacker. The article analyzes the protection mechanisms of distributed databases, proposes a solution to the problem of maintaining the uniqueness of information in them based on Blockchain technology without tokens and gives recommendations on the introduction of Blockchain technology into modern banking systems.

Sona Mkrtchian

No abstract is available for this record.

Svetlana Drobyazko, Vyacheslav Makedon, Dmytro Zhuravlov, Yurii Buglak · 5 authors

The article extensively presents ethical, technological and patent aspects of the impact on the distribution and socialization of blockchain technology. It was proposed to single out the stages of technological adaptation to the needs and demands of the global community, namely: single applications, localization, substitutions, transformation and ethics. Problems in the patenting of blockchain technology were studied, the influence of corporate structures and state regulatory agencies on the use and distribution of blockchains was determined. It was also proven that the blockchain social and ethical adaptation of technology is a significant obstacle to the development of the ecosystem of the blockchain.

Giuliano Lemme

No abstract is available for this record.

А.А. Тедеев

The paper presents a comparative analysis of approaches to the legal regulation of cryptocurrency transactions in various foreign States. It is noted that neither in the doctrine nor in the legislation of various foreign countries there are no common solutions, even on the issue of applicable terminology. In this regard, the analysis of the selected regimes of cryptocurrency regulation in the main States is carried out. The prospects for the introduction of the Russian Federation's own "oil and gas" cryptocurrency are still uncertain. At the same time, there are proposals on a possible direction of regulation of cryptocurrency turnover by making appropriate changes to the domestic currency legislation.