Blockchain Papers

Nir Chemaya, Dingyue Liu

No abstract is available for this record.

Giovanna Massarotto

No abstract is available for this record.

Rodrigo Folha, Valéria Cesário Times, Arthur Carvalho, André Araújo · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Daehan Kim, Maggie Chen, Doojin Ryu

No abstract is available for this record.

Angel Roberto Nava-Solis, Eduardo Javier Treviño-Saldívar

No abstract is available for this record.

Syed Mohammad Yawar, Rahul Shaw

No abstract is available for this record.

Ana Brochado, Mariana Mergulhão

Initial coin offerings (ICOs)-commonly referred to as token sales or token offeringsare assisted by blockchain technology. This financing tool helps entrepreneurs finance early-stage ventures on a decentralized, global scale. Researchers have previously called for more research to be carried out vis--vis the role of information intermediaries in the ICO ecosystem. The main goal of this study was to analyze the correlation between ICO ratings and the financing success of ICOs. As a result, secondary microdata on 5,581 ICOs were collected from the ICObench website. The results reveal that ICO ratings issued by third parties have a positive influence on the fundraising campaign of these offerings. ICO ratings thus appear to function as an effective signal to buyers and to reduce information asymmetry between sellers and investors.

Elena Letiagina, Yuriy Trifonov, Alexander N. Vizgunov, Roman S. Tanchuk · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Yingli Wang, Jean-Paul Skeete, John Barker, Maxim Filimonov

This paper reports the main findings from a design science research project that sets out to explore and understand the need for a more scientific and democratised process for preselecting, vetting, and engaging start-up and SME suppliers in a manufacturing environment. The project, using aerospace manufacturing as a test case will investigate the feasibility of using artificially intelligent web-scraping, third-party APIs, and distributed ledger technologies (DLT) to provide a localised and highly automated manufacturing marketplace. This paper's findings lend insight into emerging digital platform engagements between participating supply chain actors in open innovation environments.

Tom Barbereau, Reilly Smethurst, Orestis Papageorgiou, Johannes Sedlmeir · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Wahome E. Wangui, Thomas Ogoro Ombati, Robert Oboko

In the last decade, research and development around distributed ledger technology (DLT) has grown exponentially. The financial services industry has been revolutionized by the explosion of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Researchers have taken the principles used in these cryptocurrencies and are using them to develop other DLTs in various fields. This study explores how blockchain can be used to provide traceability, visibility, and transparency in the Kenyan informal distributed manufacturing industry. SOKO, an aggregator of artisans spread all over Nairobi, was the case study used. Purposive and convenience-based were the sampling methods used. 48 SOKO supply chain employees and active artisans were the sample population. Interviews and observations were data collection methods used. Content analysis, a qualitative data analysis method, was used to capture emerging and predetermined themes. Google sheets and Dovetail were the tools used for this study. This paper finds that the use of the immutability and proof of origin features of blockchain greatly enhances traceability within a supply chain. It is imperative that the granular information collected should be intuitive and accessible to all parties to enhance visibility. Amplified traceability and visibility greatly improved transparency and accountability within the SOKO ecosystem. A pivotal recommendation for future research is the usage of unit-based tagging technologies e.g. barcodes, QR codes, or RFID. The combined use of such technologies and blockchain would achieve the highest level of traceability, especially when working with diverse producers who produce similar products.

David King Boison, Ahmed Antwi-Boampong, Samuel Agbesi, Dennis K. Agboh

No abstract is available for this record.

Vivian Sultan, Garrett Tice

No abstract is available for this record.

Saeed Abooleet, Xiaowen Fang

No abstract is available for this record.

Leonardo Maria De Rossi, Michel Avital, Rob Gleasure

Over the last decade, numerous studies have examined the remarkable appreciation of cryptocurrencies and have typically focused on their price and the factors that predict them. In contrast, this paper argues that the success of a cryptocurrency is determined not only by its monetary value but also by the proliferation of its end users. Specifically, we hypothesize that changes in developers’ and miners’ activities drive the growing proliferation of a cryptocurrency’s end users. Building on the Bitcoin case, we use a time-series model based on 4,285 Bitcoin daily observations to suggest that changes in the number of end users are anticipated by surges or drops in activity by the developers and miners who develop and maintain the network. We further find a limited relationship between these variables and the price of Bitcoin. These results support an alternative view of cryptocurrencies’ success and highlight further research avenues in this nascent domain.

Fernando Zunzunegui

No abstract is available for this record.

Peter Vinella, Jeanette Jin

No abstract is available for this record.

Zhixuan Zhou, Bohui Shen

Cryptocurrency has been extensively studied as a decentralized financial technology built on blockchain. However, there is a lack of understanding of user experience with cryptocurrency exchanges, the main means for novice users to interact with cryptocurrency. We conduct a qualitative study to provide a panoramic view of user experience and security perception of exchanges. All 15 Chinese participants mainly use centralized exchanges (CEX) instead of decentralized exchanges (DEX) to trade decentralized cryptocurrency, which is paradoxical. A closer examination reveals that CEXes provide better usability and charge lower transaction fee than DEXes. Country-specific security perceptions are observed. Though DEXes provide better anonymity and privacy protection, and are free of governmental regulation, these are not necessary features for many participants. Based on the findings, we propose design implications to make cryptocurrency trading more decentralized.

Luis Angel D. Bathen, Divyesh Jadav

Abstract The emergence of crypto currencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum have shown the value in decentralized technologies. The idea of having 24/7 access to programmable money peaked the interest in the field, and as a by-product, came the realization that the same core technologies that enable programmable dog money, can enable highly-available DNS services, highly-available storage services, 24/7 asset exchanges, and peer-to-peer marketplaces to name a few. This paper explores the use of smart contracts in multi-cloud environments in order to facilitate business processes across multiple providers speaking different languages in terms of policies, best practices, APIs, and SLAs.

Michelle Pfister, Niclas Kannengießer, Ali Sunyaev

Abstract Token economy instances can be built on a variety of protocols, such as distributed ledger technology (DLT) protocols. DLT protocols are used to operate DLT systems that perform, in a decentralized way, several tasks (e.g., the prevention of double-spending) that are usually handled by central actors, such as banks. Using DLT can be subject to challenges in terms of interoperability between DLT systems (e.g., due to incompatible interfaces), limiting the dynamics in token economy instances, for example, regarding collaboration between organizations operating on separate distributed ledgers. Cross-ledger interoperability (CLI) systems can connect DLT systems. However, it is unclear how the degree of decentralization (i.e., technical and political) of CLI systems affects token economy instances that comprise multiple DLT systems. To better understand such effects, we describe patterns for the implementation of CLI systems and present our notion of political decentralization in token economy instances using CLI. We describe potential implications of CLI patterns and governance mechanisms on token economy instances. Drawing from those implications, we discuss balancing centralization and decentralization in token economy instances that comprise multiple DLT and CLI systems.

Davit Marikyan, Savvas Papagiannidis, Omer Rana, Rajiv Ranjan

The adoption of blockchain-based technologies by organisations can bring benefits in terms of firms' profitability, productivity and efficiency, making companies rethink their existing business models. However, as the technology is still developing and the research on the implications of the different types of blockchain networks (i.e. public, private, consortium) is scarce, their role in business model innovation requires closer attention. To address this gap, the paper provides a conceptual insight into the role of blockchain technology in companies with different value configurations by examining the technological conditions that can impact business models and probing the role of technology benefits in driving company value. The analysis contributes to the literature by discussing the business implications of innovative technologies and uncovering their positive and negative consequences for the value creation, delivery and capture activities. Such analysis sheds light on the functions of blockchains that have a differentiating impact on business processes. Also, the paper puts forward managerial implications by discussing the paths of business model innovation using blockchain technologies.

Manuel Ammann, Tom Burdorf, Luca J. Liebi, Sebastian Stöckl

No abstract is available for this record.

Hong Zhang, Hongchang Wang, Amit Mehra, Eric Zheng

No abstract is available for this record.

Duckworth, Peter

Distributed ledger technology (DLT) facilitates a new chapter for the internet, one known as Web3. It is a back-end upgrade (Voshmgir, 2020, p. 28) that drives particularly rapid innovation in the finance industry. Its trajectory will be in part determined by the role of developer communities, innovators, and technology companies. It will be shaped by government supervisors and decisions by policymakers on how to foster innovation, control risk, or compete internationally. It is no secret that the ideals of DLT developers regarding decentralization and democratization are partly social in nature; indeed, their efforts have been recognized as the ultimate form of protest (Russo, 2020). Despite this, discussion of DLT developers as belonging to social movements or civil society is a research gap in the academic literature. In seeking a better political context for the social efforts of DLT developers, the first contribution of this thesis is a definitional distinction between DLT Automation and DLT Activism. The null hypothesis that DLT activism must exist as a theme in DLT narratives, presented by the mainstream written media, is then developed. This is done by tying together interdisciplinary literature on DLT, banking, environmental and social governance, as well as civil society, and social movements. The importance of decision framing in the media is discussed in the research methods section, along with natural language processing techniques used to test the hypothesis. The research methodology begins with a multi-label classification prediction model built using machine-learning packages available in Python. Predicted descriptive labels for a large sample of articles from The Economist magazine suggest the null hypothesis should be rejected. This outcome is subsequently validated more comprehensively using ProQuest command-line queries and a larger sample, which suggests that at a 5% confidence level there is evidence to accept the expanded hypothesis; that DLT activism exists as a minor theme in mainstream DLT narratives. The thesis concludes with discussion about the risk of divided partisan views about DLT. Technology is used to create decentralized organizations and facilitate widespread contractual cooperation. One could say that political polarization regarding DLT could result in extreme collective organization within, rather than across, group lines thereby exacerbating social cleavages. As democracy faces the growing challenge of political polarization, the inclusive and open ecosystems that DLT communities have nurtured so far should be studied more deeply with a view to strengthening cross-cutting ties. DLT communities should not be left to develop in an isolated and insular manner.