Este artigo busca estudar a natureza jurídica dos non-fungible nokens (NFTs) à luz do direito brasileiro. Para isso, será utilizado como exemplo o projeto Web3 da marca de bebidas alcoólicas Campari, intitulado The Campari Blockchain. Inicialmente, serão introduzidos alguns conceitos fundamentais do universo cripto, como criptomoeda, blockchain, NFT e contratos inteligentes, todos necessários para que seja possível estudar o objeto principal do artigo. Considerando as controvérsias que permeiam esse segmento de mercado, será feita menção a alguns episódios notáveis de fraudes perpetuadas com criptomoedas e de problemas atinentes a todos esses conceitos. Uma vez que estes sejam estabelecidos, será abordada a relação entre NFTs e arte digital, a qual, apesar de comum, não é estritamente necessária, sendo utilizado o exemplo do projeto The Campari Blockchain para que seja possível responder ao questionamento do artigo, em especial mediante análise dos termos de uso do projeto. A conclusão a que se chega é que a aquisição de um NFT não garante a propriedade da obra indicada no token, que é meramente uma representação da obra em questão na blockchain, feita mediante um código computacional. Os direitos assegurados pelo NFT adquirido dependerão dos termos de uso ou contrato de aquisição, documentos essenciais para adquirentes terem certeza do que estão ganhando com esse bem. O NFT, em realidade, é apenas um código computacional, de forma que pode ser qualificado como um bem móvel, infungível, imaterial, indivisível e singular, pela legislação brasileira. Pela Lei de Direitos Autorais, todavia, ele não possui proteção de direitos autorais, por ser um aproveitamento industrial ou comercial das ideias contidas na obra. O artigo finaliza com um aviso de cautela quanto ao entusiasmo quanto às inovações tecnológicas recentes, que devem ser implementadas e utilizadas quando se verificar ganhos reais de eficiência e outros benefícios para as partes envolvidas, não havendo razão para substituir estruturas e institutos sólidos por alternativas que, na prática, não são melhores (no jargão popular, “trocar seis por meia dúzia”).
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the key risks associated with the operation of a crypto platform in the context of the transition to Web3 technology. The authors explore the activities of leading blockchain platforms such as Ethereum, Solana, Binance Smart Chain, Polkadot, Avalanche, Cosmos and Polygon, identifying the main types of risks that apply to the implementation of Web3 technology. The paper identifies threats associated with cryptocurrency volatility, regulatory uncertainty, cybersecurity, specific risks of decentralized finance (DeFi) and non-fungible tokens (NFTs), as well as scalability, accessibility and environmental issues. The authors analyzed the activities of the crypto platform and found that each platform has a unique structure and asset structure, which affects the nature of the risks. For example, Ethereum dominates the DeFi and NFT sectors, Solana is distinguished by its speed and low fees, Binance Smart Chain focuses on DeFi, and Polkadot and Cosmos are developing cross-chain technologies for interoperability. The main risks analyzed in the article include: Volatility of cryptocurrencies, which can increase financial instability; Cybersecurity, including hacking attacks and vulnerabilities of smart contracts; Regulatory uncertainty, which can hinder innovation and create legal conflicts; DeFi risks, such as errors in smart contracts, liquidation problems and systemic failures; NFT risks, in particular high market speculation and fraud risks; Scalability, including technical limitations and high fees; Complexity of use, which can limit the widespread adoption of Web3; Accessibility and inclusiveness, including unequal access to technologies; Energy consumption and environmental friendliness, which can affect the environment. To minimize these risks, the authors proposed a risk management strategy based on semi-fundamental principles: comprehensiveness, preventiveness, consistency, decentralization, transparency, security and interoperability. This strategy includes the introduction of modern analytical methods such as scenario analysis, machine learning, Value at Risk (VaR), Conditional VaR (CVaR), Monte Carlo models, multi-level security systems, bug bounty programs, transaction encryption, decentralized oracles, risk hedging using derivatives and RegTech solutions for regulatory compliance. For the effective implementation of the proposed strategy, a risk management roadmap was developed, which details the stages of risk identification, assessment, management and monitoring. This map includes specific tools for each stage, such as scenario analysis, AI analytics, blockchain scanners, VaR and CVaR models, attack models, stress testing, blockchain analytics, encryption, futures, options, RegTech, KPIs and behavioral models. The implementation of the proposed strategy will create a favorable environment for the reliable and sustainable development of Web3 technologies and the cryptocurrency market. Further research should be aimed at detailing platform-specific strategies and adapting them to the changing landscape of Web3.
In its present form, traditional Web2 domain infrastructures have become vulnerable to increasing amounts of censorship, security breaches, and centralized authority exclusively handled by third party Certificate Authorities (CAs). These weaknesses and the single points of failure inherent, under spotlight give out the necessity of migrating to a safer decentralized Web3 model. Mygrate was developed using solidity, Hedera and hardhat. This paper elucidates Mygrate development, features, and applications. It offers a functionality to bridge Web2 domains with Web3 architecture by utilizing SSL certificates in combination with smart contracts to map domains to cryptographically signed InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) addresses, verified over decentralized blockchains such as Hedera. By solving a major part of the oracle problem, Mygrate emerged as an innovative solution, leveraging the power of Hedera Blockchain. This paper delves into the comprehensive development journey of Mygrate. It allows us to bring web2 hosted domain name source of trust and offset authenticity to web3 for easy identifiability. Moreover, there is increased security, decreased oracle fees, and money goes directly to the data providers who provide data as a public good. Through the integration of libraries like Ethereum-Waffle, ethers, chai,node-forge, Mygrate offers Oracle-free SSL verification, EVM assembly optimization, Frontrunning mitigation, gas optimization and security.
This paper aims to develop a decentralized hospital records and image sharing platform on blockchain, integrating an Inter Planetary File System (IPFS) and AI-driven Feedback. Addressing the critical need for secure and efficient sharing of patient data and medical images in healthcare, the platform utilizes IPFS and blockchain technology to ensure the utmost security and tamper-proof storage. The user-friendly interface, built with React.js and Web3.js, enables seamless access and management of medical records. Smart contracts written in Solidity enhance security and transparency, providing an effective means for authorized sharing of medical records. The platform includes an AI feedback section for securely submitting feedback via smart contracts, with MetaMask ensuring secure interactions and offering valuable insights into healthcare management. The solution aims to revolutionize healthcare data sharing, prioritizing privacy, and improved patient outcomes. This comprehensive solution aims to revolutionize healthcare data sharing, ensuring privacy, security, and fostering improved patient outcomes. Leveraging K10 cross-validation, we evaluated the performance of our AI models, including Random Forest (RF), which demonstrated the highest accuracy at 92.5% ± 3.25% and an AUC of 0.925, with a critical value of p < 0.0001. Additional metrics including F1 Score, Sensitivity, and Specificity contribute to comprehensive assessment.
Krishna Nivash. J Krishna Nivash. J, Dr. V. Vijayakumar Dr. V. Vijayakumar
Blockchain Based Cross Network calling is an innovative decentralized peer-to-peer (P2P) communication system leveraging WebRTC and blockchain technology. This paper explores the system architecture, scalability mechanisms, and potential future enhancements. We present an in-depth analysis of its hybrid decentralized architecture, discuss the scalability challenges in P2P networks, and propose future enhancements including Layer-2 blockchain solutions, decentralized signaling, and AI integration. The findings suggest that decentralized audio communication can be significantly improved through advanced architectural designs and optimized scalability solutions. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of Cross Network-based decentralized communication, emphasizing its implications for privacy, security, and future enhancements in Web3 applications.
Rakesh Vohra of University of Pennsylvania reviews “The Everything Token: How NFTs and Web3 Will Transform the Way We Buy, Sell, and Create” by Steve Kaczynski and Scott Duke Kominers. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Explores how non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are changing the way that business is done, demonstrating the role and inevitability of NFT technology in everyday life.”
This study aims to propose a website for the preservation and accessibility of street art in Türkiye with crowdsourcing methods. The proposed website is based on the literature about the usability of street art websites. The related literature showed that the websites are weak regarding institutional information and policies, including copying and copyrights, and that descriptive data regarding the works is insufficient. Additionally, it has been observed that the most common crowdsourcing method is collection completion. Street artworks created by street artists and then converted into digital form are also prone to change and metamorphosis, requiring specific digital solutions for long-term preservation. The rise of Web3 technologies offers new opportunities to overcome the challenges of documenting, preserving, and sharing these digital street arts. It is thought that this study, conducted in the case of Türkiye, will contribute to the literature on preserving and accessing street art as a cultural heritage.
The purpose of this chapter is to examine the ethical concerns and benefits associated with the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly chatbots, in education. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify and analyze ethical considerations related to AI in education. The applicability of the web3 application in the identification and analysis of ethical concerns of AI chatbots is also explored. The findings revealed a spectrum of ethical concerns spanning fairness, transparency, privacy, autonomy, and educational inequality. Ethical concerns also include the misuse of private data, algorithmic biases, surveillance, and threats to job security. Conversely, the benefits of AI in education encompass improved learner experiences, enhanced teaching efficiency, and personalized learning opportunities. Chatbots, in particular, demonstrate potential in fostering engagement, increasing interest in subjects, and offering immediate support to students.
AI in Service Interactions
Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
The digital landscape is transforming cultural heritage preservation. Online mapping initiatives, like UNESCO's GIS and Historypin's community-driven maps, are fostering engagement and accessibility. Europeana's digital library and CyArk's 3D preservation empower us to explore and safeguard heritage across time and space. By catering to diverse heritage types (tangible and intangible), these platforms offer valuable tools for education and global exchange. With the integration of Web3 technologies, these initiatives can further enhance their impact. Decentralized networks enable more equitable access to digital heritage, preventing gatekeeping and censorship. Blockchain can ensure transparent and immutable records of heritage artifacts, addressing ethical concerns related to digital representation. Additionally, the tokenization of cultural assets offers allowing communities to retain control over their heritage. However, the adoption of Web3 also necessitates careful consideration of data sovereignty and digital rights to ensure inclusive and responsible cultural preservation.
This study analyzes web services' functionalities and performance, focusing on mobile platforms and Web3 applications. Web services enable communication between applications but pose challenges due to different types (RESTful, SOAP), data formats, and protocols. Choosing the right service requires considering scalability, security, and interoperability. The study provides a comparative analysis of web service types, evaluating their strengths, limitations, and suitability for mobile platforms. It highlights challenges in selecting services and offers insights to guide decision-making. By assessing performance metrics, this research aids in optimizing web-based applications, enhancing decision-making for Web3 and mobile development.
This chapter explores the advancements in human-machine interfaces (HMIs) and their potential to enhance user experience and interaction in information applications, particularly within Web3 environments. As decentralized technologies like blockchain and dApps grow, interface design becomes crucial for improving user engagement and usability. The paper examines the latest developments in HMIs, such as natural language processing, gesture recognition, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR), and their impact on Web3 applications. These technologies offer innovative ways to enhance user experience by providing more intuitive and immersive interactions in decentralized systems. Additionally, the paper discusses the challenges of implementing advanced HMIs in Web3, including issues of compatibility with blockchain protocols and the need for seamless user experiences.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran gamifikasi dalam mendorong komitmen Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) digital pada startup sosial yang berbasis teknologi Web3. Dengan meningkatnya adopsi Web3 dan model bisnis terdesentralisasi, pendekatan baru diperlukan untuk membangun keterlibatan pengguna dan memperkuat nilai sosial perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mixed methods) dengan pendekatan studi kasus pada tiga startup sosial berbasis Web3 yang telah mengimplementasikan elemen gamifikasi dalam program CSR digital mereka. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, serta analisis data transaksi berbasis blockchain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa elemen gamifikasi seperti reward token, leaderboard berbasis reputasi, dan tantangan komunitas dapat meningkatkan partisipasi pengguna dalam aktivitas sosial dan memperkuat persepsi terhadap komitmen sosial startup. Temuan penting menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan pengguna meningkat hingga 45% setelah penerapan strategi gamifikasi yang terdesain secara strategis dan berbasis insentif digital. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa gamifikasi berperan signifikan dalam menginternalisasi nilai CSR digital pada platform Web3, serta memperkuat loyalitas pengguna terhadap misi sosial startup. Rekomendasi diberikan agar startup sosial merancang gamifikasi berbasis transparansi dan insentif berkelanjutan untuk memaksimalkan dampak sosial di era ekonomi digital
The purpose of the module reported on in this chapter is that it will be used by students as an introduction to object-oriented programming in the context of developing the knowledge, skills, and values needed to develop a working computer-based program and to add interactive functionality to the program through structured object-oriented programming. Against the background of Mobile Platforms, Designs, and Applications for Web3, the novelty of the chapter is emphasized by this module being presented at a Comprehensive Open and Distance e-Learning (CODeL) university.
In order to improve functionality, security, and user experience, this chapter examines the design and implementation of a Web3 mobile platform that combines blockchain technology with artificial intelligence (AI). The methodology addresses major issues in usability, security, and scalability by employing an exploratory and developmental approach that prioritizes user-centered design principles and iterative feedback loops. The results show that greater trust and uptake of decentralized technologies are fostered by Web3 applications that are easy to use, safe, and scalable. The chapter emphasizes that in order to remove obstacles and build a strong Web3 ecosystem, stakeholders—including developers, investors, regulatory agencies, and users—must work together. The work's ramifications highlight how crucial it is to resolve present issues in order to fully utilize Web3 technologies' promise to transform digital interactions.
У сучасному світі корпоративне управління стикається з низкою викликів, пов’язаних із централізацією влади, непрозорістю прийняття рішень, неефективним розподілом ресурсів та корупційними ризиками. Традиційні організації значною мірою покладаються на людський фактор, що може призводити до затримок, конфлікту інтер- есів та зайвих витрат. У цьому контексті децентралізовані автономні організації (ДАО) пропонують альтер- нативний підхід, використовуючи смарт-контракти та блокчейн для автоматизованого й прозорого управління.Одна з основних переваг ДАО полягає в тому, що вони усувають необхідність у посередниках та централізованих структурах, замінюючи їх алгоритмічними механізмами голосування та фінансового управління. Такий підхід дозволяє кожному учаснику організації мати реальний вплив на процеси та гарантує чесний розподіл ресурсів відповідно до заздалегідь визначених правил у коді смарт-контрактів. В умовах цифровізації такі механізми є дуже важливими, оскільки вони забезпечують довіру між учасниками незалежно від їхнього мислення чи статусу та прозорість виконання всіх процесів. Це досягається завдяки тому, що всі транзакції, голосування та рішення зберігаються у блокчейні, де їх не можна змінити або приховати. Такий підхід управління значно підвищує рівень довіри з боку спільноти. Він також вирішує проблему централізованого управління, коли ключові рішення ухвалюються обмеженим колом осіб, що може призводити до недосконалих стратегій розвитку або конфліктів.Уряди багатьох країн, зокрема США та держав Європейського Союзу, активно досліджують способи інтеграції ДАО у чинні правові системи, що свідчить про зростаючу зацікавленість у використанні таких структур для реального бізнесу. Незважаючи на певні виклики у сфері юридичного визначення, цей напрямок продовжує активно розвиватися, і вже зараз є приклади успішних проектів, що працюють на основі децентралізованих механізмів управління.Розробка децентралізованих автономних організацій у корпоративному управлінні є важливим і перспективним напрямком, що дозволяє значно підвищити ефективність бізнес-процесів, забезпечити чесність та прозорість у прийнятті рішень, а також адаптувати компанії до нових умов цифрової економіки. З огляду на стрімке зростання популярності Web3-технологій, DeFi та інших децентралізованих систем, можна впевнено стверджувати, що децентралізовані автономні організації стануть невід’ємною частиною майбутнього корпоративного управління.
Personal AI assistants (e.g., Apple Intelligence, Meta AI) offer proactive recommendations that simplify everyday tasks, but their reliance on sensitive user data raises concerns about privacy and trust. To address these challenges, we introduce the Guardian of Data (GOD), a secure, privacy-preserving framework for training and evaluating AI assistants directly on-device. Unlike traditional benchmarks, the GOD model measures how well assistants can anticipate user needs-such as suggesting gifts-while protecting user data and autonomy. Functioning like an AI school, it addresses the cold start problem by simulating user queries and employing a curriculum-based approach to refine the performance of each assistant. Running within a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), it safeguards user data while applying reinforcement and imitation learning to refine AI recommendations. A token-based incentive system encourages users to share data securely, creating a data flywheel that drives continuous improvement. Specifically, users mine with their data, and the mining rate is determined by GOD's evaluation of how well their AI assistant understands them across categories such as shopping, social interactions, productivity, trading, and Web3. By integrating privacy, personalization, and trust, the GOD model provides a scalable, responsible path for advancing personal AI assistants. For community collaboration, part of the framework is open-sourced at https://github.com/PIN-AI/God-Model.
This paper presents method for transforming education funding through a blockchain-powered crowdfunding platform. This platform aims to empower students, educators, and educational institutions. Our goal is to create a decentralized environment where creative educational projects can receive financial support, providing assistance to students facing financial barriers and enabling small schools to request funding for infrastructure and program improvements. In response to the increasing demand for transparency and accountability in crowdfunding, our platform encourages collaboration among developers to enhance features and functionalities, all while offering a user-friendly interface through Web3 technology. The central focus is on fostering community involvement and attracting backing for educational initiatives, while also allowing the platform to evolve and scale efficiently with the benefits of Polygon's scalability
We live in an era of unprecedented transformation, driven by digital platforms that are redefining the creation, distribution, and consumption of creative content. The emergence of new digital platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and Patreon has led to new forms of social inequality in the economy, AI ethics, and environmental sustainability. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality (AR) enhance content personalization and production efficiency, yet algorithmic opacity and revenue concentration create disparities that favor established creators. This study investigates the impact of digital platforms on creative industries through a qualitative methodology, integrating secondary data from global reports (e.g., UNCTAD, 2022) and case studies of TikTok, Patreon, and emerging Web3 alternatives. Findings highlight both opportunities—such as decentralized revenue models, AI-driven innovation, and regional creative growth—and challenges, including the monopolization of content distribution, ethical dilemmas in AI-generated creativity, and the environmental burden of data centers and blockchain transactions. This study focuses on the impact of Web3 technologies on the reliance of intermediaries while covering contemporary regulations on AI governance and platform responsibility. The study highlights the gap in policy efforts that ensure economic equity, transparency, and platform sustainability that need to be addressed. Suggested policy targets include more humane monetization of smaller creator's content, more responsible AI regulation, and the creation of less environmentally harmful digital systems. This study is situated within the larger discussion of the intersection of innovation, equity, and sustainability in the context of a developing digital creative economy.
Open access
Cultural Industries and Urban Development
University-Industry-Government Innovation Models
Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development
Mr. R. Suresh M. E, Mr. Mohamed Shalik. S, Mr. Joshva Jagan. A, Mr. Vigneshwaran. V
This venture presents a secure and private Web3 communication framework utilizing the Dual Reversible Secret Image Sharing Mechanism (DR-SISM). By utilizing wallet addresses for confirmation, it streamlines the method whereas guaranteeing security. DR-SISM safely encodes images into numerous offers, available as it were by the expecting beneficiary. The framework moreover coordinating AI-driven command help, permitting clients to send messages and share images utilizing normal dialect commands, making the stage user-friendly. This paper looks at existing communication advances and illustrates how combining DR-SISM, wallet-based informing, and AI makes a secure, adaptable Web3 arrangement.
This paper introduces Web 3.0 NEXT , a network design that pushes Web3 decentralization even further by reducing the dependency on centralized or traditional internet service providers (ISPs) and data centres. By integrating peer-to-peer mesh networking, decentralized storages, blockchain-based authentication and verification system, and a suite of emerging off-grid connectivity technologies like Wi-Fi mesh, LoRaWan, and satellite networks, the suggested system seeks to establish a strong, self-sustaining network infrastructure. This paper explores the benefits and technical challenges of such a system. That area can be used in a disaster-prone area, national security and economic innovations, which may force centralized authority from suppressing it. We will also discuss ethical, legal, financial, energy, user adoption, and security considerations, alongside relevant case studies and provide a holistic view of the potential challenges faced in deploying WEB 3.0 NEXT.
Cheques are a means of payment. It is a vehicle for so-called scriptural money. Because of its cashless nature, cheques are subject to shortcomings in terms of both security and ease of use. This article presents a system for dematerialising cheques, facilitating their certification and tracking through the use of revolutionary web3 technologies such as blockchain, interplanetary file systems and decentralised applications. The system relies on the Ethereum blockchain, whose Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus mechanism guarantees the security and integrity of transactions through decentralized block validation. Until now, issuing a cheque has required the physical contribution and presence of both the drawer and the bearer. We enable the drawer to digitally issue and manage a cheque, as well as the possibility of designating the bearer or not. For the account manager, the possibility of better satisfying the customer's needs by optimising processing time and automating tasks that do not require his or her involvement. The system also optimises processing time and eliminates the risks associated with physical cheques, offering a more secure and efficient alternative. All these operations, of course, take place in a secure environment, a security offered by the blockchain with its use of cryptography and decentralised file system.